scholarly journals Agro-energetic efficiency of improved technologies of pasture fodder production in dry grasslands of the Non-Chernozem region

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
A A Kutuzova ◽  
V M Kosolapov ◽  
K N Privalova ◽  
E E Provornaya ◽  
E G Sedova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Dry Grasslands ◽  
Fodder Production

Abstract Based on the modern method of agro-energetic evaluation of anthropogenic non-renewable energy sources and natural renewable resources, scientific evidence of high economic efficiency of green fodder production on cultivated pastures is presented. Two field experiments on improving the composition of grass herbage with the participation of domestic zoned varieties of ryegrass pasture and Festulolium, as well as similar grass mixtures with the inclusion of legumes: creeping clover and meadow clover were carried out. The total anthropogenic expenses were determined as well as the recoupment of their exchange energy by 3-4 and even 10 times in the produced forage. The role of natural factors in the structure of the received exchange energy was determined. This serves as a theoretical basis for the economic efficiency of indicators of cultivated pastures created by resource-saving technologies: mainly due to the longterm use of cereal grasses (for 14 years) or the receipt of biological nitrogen on legume-grass stands, which replaces the use of mineral nitrogen fertilizers in the dose N126-131 per year (average for 7 years) on dry grasslands of the Nonchernozem zone.

scholarly journals Agro-energy efficiency of improved technologies for the production of pasture fodder in upland meadows of the Central non-Chernozem region

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012048
Author(s):  
A A Kutuzova ◽  
V M Kosolapov ◽  
K N Privalova ◽  
E E Provornaya ◽  
E G Sedova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Green Fodder

Abstract On the basis of a modern method of agro-energy assessment of anthropogenic non-renewable energy sources and natural renewable resources, scientific evidence of the high economic efficiency of green fodder production on cultivated pastures is presented. Two field experiments were carried out to improve the composition of cereal grasses with the participation of domestic zoned varieties of perennial ryegrass and festulolium, as well as similar grass mixtures with the inclusion of legumes: white clover and red clover. The total anthropogenic costs have been determined, the return on their exchange energy in the produced feed was 3-4 times and even 10 times, the role of natural factors in the structure of the obtained exchange energy was established. This serves as a theoretical basis for the indicators of the economic efficiency of cultivated pastures created using resource-saving technologies: mainly due to the long-term use of cereal grasses (for 14 years) or the supply of biological nitrogen on legume and cereal grasses, replacing the use of mineral nitrogen fertilizers at a dose of N126-131 per year (on average for 7 years) on dry meadows of the Non-Chernozem zone.

scholarly journals Agroeconomic prospects for the use of nitrogen fertilizers for field crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (99) ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
G. M. Gospodarenko ◽  
◽  
O. D. Cherno ◽  
A. T. Martynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
The Cost

The issues of recoupment of nitrogen fertilizers are considered, since they determine the need for fertilizers and the agro-economic efficiency of their use. It is shown that the payback of fertilizers is a complex value and not constant in different crops. The increase in yield from fertilizers in kind is taken on the basis of field experiments with fertilizers carried out on podzolized chernozem of the opita field of the Uman NUS. The cost of an increase in the yield from the use of nitrogen fertilizers was determined by the average actual sales prices of products prevailing on the market through various sales channels in the 6th quarter of 2021. Additional costs included: the cost of fertilizers, a margin for their delivery to the farm, the cost of using it on the farm and collecting increase in yield from nitrogen fertilizers. The cost of ammonium nitrate was taken at UAH 24,000 / t with the addition of a margin for their delivery to the farm. The costs of using fertilizers on the farm and collecting an increase in yield were set calculated according to the accepted standards. The difference between the value of the yield increase (PU) and additional costs (AD) gives the net income received from the use of fertilizers. The ratio of the cost of increasing the yield to additional costs shows their payback. On the basis of comparing the indicators of PU and DZ, the boundaries of the economic efficiency of the use of fertilizers were determined: PU> DZ (general expression of the task). We also calculated the minimum required increase in yield from fertilizers and the limits of price increases for nitrogen fertilizers. It has been established that at a price of ammonium nitrate of UAH 24,000 / t and the cost of its use in optimal doses for field crops against the background of a balanced phosphorus-potassium nutrition, the cost of an increase in yield is 3075–47894 UAH/ha. Payback of 1 kg a.c. nitrogen fertilization varies in a wide range – from 3.0 to 217.3 hryvnyas, depending on the crop. The limit of the unprofitable price per unit of the active substance of nitrogen fertilizers at the optimal application rate depends on the crop and is in the range of UAH 76.5–219.0 /ha. With the current disparity in prices for crop products and ammonium nitrate (24,000 UAH/t), its use is profitable, which is explained by the low ability of podzolized chernozem to provide plants with nitrogen, biological requirements of crops for this food element and technologies for their cultivation. Key words: nitrogen fertilizers, agricultural crops, fertilizer recoupment, loss threshold, price increase limit.

scholarly journals INTENSIFICATION OF THE USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES – THE OBJECTIVE NEED TO IMPROVE RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND INCREASE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
Mykola Parkhomets ◽  
Petro Putsenteilo ◽  
Liudmyla Uniiat
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Resource Conservation ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Resource Saving

Purpose. The aim of the article is substantiation of theoretical bases of RES use and practical aspects of economic efficiency of various projects on use of solar energy depending on territorial conditions of the enterprises of agrarian and industrial complex of Ukraine as a factor of resource saving and energy efficiency. Methodology of research. Dialectical methods of cognition of processes and phenomena, economic, financial, comparative and monographic methods (for analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of RES in different territorial conditions of Ukraine), are used to achieve this goal as well as abstract and logical method (for theoretical generalizations, conclusions). Findings. The efficiency of solar energy use in different territorial conditions of Ukraine is substantiated. The efficiency of projects under different scenarios of production of agro-industrial complex (drinking water) is calculated on the example of PJSC “Dobra Voda” of Zboriv district of Ternopil region. It is established that the most effective project for this enterprise in all studied production scenarios is a project with a capacity of 1 MW, the second place in terms of efficiency is occupied by a project with a capacity of 850 kW, in third place ‒ a project with a capacity of 700 kW, and the least effective is a project with a capacity of 585 kW. The economic efficiency of investment projects in the dynamics of 25 years using discounting methods was studied and it was found that the project with a capacity of 1 MW is the most effective in all scenarios of production at the enterprise. It is concluded on the basis of an in-depth study of the effectiveness of existing projects in different territorial conditions of Ukraine that these projects for the use of solar energy in the eastern and southern regions of the country may have better performance indicators of economic efficiency 1.5-2 times. Taking into account the experience of the EU-28, it is substantiated that in Ukraine, which has a strong biological potential, the priority should be to accelerate the development of bioenergy, which will increase RES and on this basis to replace gas and oil, reduce production costs, improve its competitiveness; to clean the environment in all regions of the country; increase the number of jobs and improve the social and economic living conditions of the population. Originality. Theoretical approaches to the assessment of economic efficiency of projects of different capacity for the use of solar energy according to the options that take into account the territorial features of their implementation at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine are substantiated. Practical value. The main provisions and conclusions set out in the article contain methodological and practical recommendations for the formation of a system of resource conservation and the use of renewable energy sources at enterprises. Key words: resource saving, energy efficiency, renewable energy sources, solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, hydropower, efficiency, competitiveness.

scholarly journals Energy Value, Economic and Ecological Meaning of Perennial Leguminous and Legume-cereal Agrocoenoses in the Central Non-Black Soil Area of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 3920-3937
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Lukashov ◽  
Alexander N. Isakov ◽  
Alexey A. Slipets ◽  
Svetlana D. Malakhova ◽  
Vera A. Vasilyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
Agriculture Research Institute ◽  
Soil Area

The research is important because it is necessary to get the perennial leguminous grasses and the legume-cereal grass mixtures involved in the wide production. In this connection, this paper is aimed at discussing evident advantages of growing the perennial leguminous grasses and the legume-cereal grass mixtures in terms of energy, protein and economic efficiency, their use as the main link during the agriculture biologization an ecologization in the Central Non-black soil area of Russia.The major method of researching this problem was the field experiments carried out using the facilities of Kaluga Agriculture Research Institute, which allowed implementing the comprehensive comparison of the annual and perennial fodder crops and their mixtures. The paper covers comparative data on energy and monetary expenditures on growing the annual and perennial fodder crops and their mixtures, recoupment of them by harvesting the gross and exchange energy. The energy and economic efficiency of producing the exchange energy and crude protein during growing the various fodder crops and mixtures was calculated. Advantages of growing the perennial leguminous grasses and the legume-cereal grass mixtures in the Central Non-black soil area of Russia were substantiated experimentally. The paper materials are of practical value to the plant growing branch in selecting the crops to be grown and forming the crop rotations in Russia’s Central part.

HYDROPONICS IS A NEW PARADIGM AND A WAY OF FODDER PRODUCTION INTENSIFICATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Popov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
General Concept ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Organic Product ◽  
Know How ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Adequate Quantity

Hydroponics is a way of intensification and a new paradigm of fodder production: from adaptive plant growing to operated cultivation of green mass of the set property. In a review the precondition of introduction of the alternative high-quality green foods "know-how" in completely controllable conditions are presented. Terms and definitions of the general concept and separate parts of hydroponic forage are given. Hydroponics makes for every day providing animals with the adequate quantity of high-quality forage. The hydroponics of forages allows to cultivate ecologically pure and organic product commercially, within economically defensible expenses. The synergy is shown and examples of zootechnical and economic efficiency are resulted.

scholarly journals Energy Assessment of Sorghum Cultivation in Southern Ukraine

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Oleg Bazaluk ◽  
Valerii Havrysh ◽  
Mykhailo Fedorchuk ◽  
Vitalii Nitsenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Southern Ukraine

Global climate changes and fossil fuel reserve depletion are drivers for the search for environmentally friendly renewable energy sources. In Europe, biomass represents the main alternative to fossil fuels. Among energy crops, sorghum is a promising crop for arid regions. The biomass yield and energy efficiency of sorghum (both silage and grain) were studied based on field experiments conducted in Southern Ukraine. The following climate changes were identified: an increase in temperature and a decrease in precipitation. The total energy inputs for sweet sorghum were estimated at 11.256 GJ/ha. The main contributors to the energy inputs are mineral fertilizers (56.99%). The experiment showed that a yield of 40.6 t/ha could be achieved with annual precipitation of 350 mm. The energy efficiency ratio was determined to be 11.18. The total energy inputs for grain sorghum was 16.081 GJ/ha. Its yield (grain) varied from 1.92 to 7.05 t/ha. The energy efficiency ratio of grain sorghum ranged from 2.8 to 16.7.

Control of Silvery-Thread Moss (Bryum argenteum Hedw.) in Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) Putting Greens

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith D. Burnell ◽  
Fred H. Yelverton ◽  
Joseph C. Neal ◽  
Travis W. Gannon ◽  
J. Scott McElroy
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Agrostis Palustris ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Population Reduction ◽  
Elk River ◽  
Turfgrass Quality

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate chemicals for silvery-thread moss control and bentgrass turfgrass quality. Treatments included iron (Fe)-containing products, nitrogen fertilizers, Ultra Dawn dishwashing detergent (UD) at 3% (v/v), and oxadiazon. In general, greater silvery-thread moss control was achieved with Fe-containing products. Ferrous sulfate at 40 kg Fe/ha plus ammonium sulfate at 30 kg N/ha, a combined product of ferrous oxide, ferrous sulfate, and iron humates (FEOSH) at 125 kg Fe/ha, and a combined product of iron disulfide and ferrous sulfate (FEDS) at 112 kg Fe/ha reduced silvery-thread moss populations 87, 81, and 69%, respectively, 6 wk after initial treatment (WAIT). UD reduced silvery-thread moss populations 57% 6 WAIT. The addition of oxadiazon to Fe-containing treatments did not improve silvery-thread moss population reduction. Other experiments evaluated two formulations of chlorothalonil, each applied at two rates, chlorothalonil with zinc at 9.5 and 17.4 kg ai/ha and chlorothalonil without zinc at 9.1 and 18.2 kg/ ha, and two spray volumes (2,038 and 4,076 L/ha). Greater silvery-thread moss population reduction was observed at Jefferson Landing in 1999 compared with Elk River in 1999 and 2000. Rainfall events at Elk River in 1999 and 2000 within 24 h after application and no rain at Jefferson Landing may account for variation in performance of products between sites. However, no difference in chlorothalonil formulation, rate, or spray volume was observed in any location or year. These data indicate that Fe-containing fertilizers or chlorothalonil can be used to reduce silvery-thread moss populations in creeping bentgrass putting greens.

The effect of fertilizers and season on the yield and composition of wheat in southern New South Wales

1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Common Application

Twenty two fertilizer experiments with wheat were carried out over a wide range of soil and environmental seasonal conditions in southern N.S. W. The effects of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers on the yield and composition of wheat are described. Seasonal environmental effects were examined by comparing the relative response to fertilizers of vegetative growth in the early spring with the final response of the harvested grain. Grain yield response to fertilizers is commonly restricted by seasonal conditions. Overcorrection of the phosphorus or nitrogen deficiencies may cause excessive early vegetative growth which exhausts soil moisture reserves before grain development has been completed. Loss of grain yields through this phenomenon is described locally as haying off. The chief danger in this respect seems to be from excessive nitrogen levels in the soil following a clover pasture. Assessments of economically desirable fertilizer applications on the basis of field experiments can only be based on statistical averages of seasonal conditions in each locality. The trials indicate, however, that the common application rate of superphosphate to wheat is inadequate in this region and should be at least doubled.

scholarly journals Method of evaluating the economic efficiency of waste utilization from trade enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 02022
Author(s):  
Oksana Pirogova ◽  
Timur Kurbanov ◽  
Vladimir Plotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Processing Resource ◽  
The One ◽  
Material Values

The article analyses the implementation of the principles of environmental self-restoration and dynamic adaptability of trade enterprises. Solving the problems of introducing environmental aspects of sustainable development into the activities of trade enterprises and developing waste disposal methodologies are important tasks for the country's economy. It is offered to develop a methodology (system) of waste processing, which are formed in the process of consumption of commodity-material values in trade. The methodology includes the following factors: cost-effectiveness, social significance of disposal, safety of waste processing, resource saving, environmental reputation. The method includes several stages: analysis of the regulatory framework, the settlement and analytical stage, and the final stage - the assessment of economic efficiency. The main difference between the method and the one developed earlier is in an integrated approach to justifying the creation of a modern waste treatment system in commercial enterprises. The offered method develops the theory of economic and investment analysis, as well as the theory of making management decisions in managing the development of commercial enterprises.

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