scholarly journals Effects of Crude Protein Degradability on Some Blood Parameters of Ruminants

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012030
Author(s):  
Jamal Abdul Rahman Tawfeeq Al Ani ◽  
Anmar A Al-Wazeer ◽  
Ali Noori Kareem ◽  
Rasha Mohamed Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Blood Protein ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract The experiment was investigated the effects of degradability crude protein on some blood parameters of ruminants, two experiments were conducted for three sources dietary crude protein: Soya, whey protein and urea. First experiment, soya was replaced with whey protein, while second experiment, soya was replaced with urea. Fifteen male lambs were used for each experiment and randomly distributed to five treatments T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5. Concentrated was fed at 3% of body weight as DM basis, while alfalfa was fed ad-libitum. Jugular blood was sampled from lambs after 90 days of experiment before feeding morning. Results of replacing soya with whey protein showed decreased blood protein and cholesterol, while, blood urea was increased and blood glucose had a linear increase with increasing whey protein intake, 45.75, 48.5, 52.5, 66.0 and 89.75 mg/dl for T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5. In second experiment, the results of replacing soya with urea showed decreased blood glucose and cholesterol for 2% urea in contrast with control, while blood urea was increased for 2% urea 36.11 mg/dl in contrast with 22.73mg/dl for control. In concluded, feeding high soluble crude proteins, decreased cholesterol and increased blood urea nitrogen.

scholarly journals Seasonal variations in blood parameters of the Amazonian manatee, Trichechus inunguis

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elton P. Colares ◽  
Ioni G. Colares ◽  
Adalto Bianchini ◽  
Euclydes A. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Blood Glucose

Seasonal variations in body weight, food consumption and blood glucose, total lipids, urea, total proteins, albumin and globulins of captive Amazonian manatees, Trichechus inunguis, were determined. Body weight changed significantly along the year, increasing from autumn to spring and decreasing in summer. The mean daily food intake of paragrass remained almost unchanged along the year. Paragrass administered to the manatees showed important variations in crude protein and lipid content along the year. No significant differences in blood parameters were registered between males and females in all seasons. Further, there were no significant differences in blood total proteins, albumin and globulins along the year. On the other hand, significant differences in the mean blood glucose, lipids and urea were registered. An increase in the blood glucose in the spring and summer was observed. Blood urea and lipids levels were positively related to paragrass protein and lipids content. These two correlations suggested that these blood parameters are good indicators of the animal nutritional status in the Amazonian manatee.

scholarly journals The influence of food restriction versus ad libitum feeding of chow and purified diets on variation in body weight, growth and physiology of female Wistar rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Moraal ◽  
P P A M Leenaars ◽  
H Arnts ◽  
K Smeets ◽  
B S Savenije ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum

Ad libitum (AL) supply of standard chow is the feeding method most often used for rodents in animal experiments. However, AL feeding is known to result in a shorter lifespan and decreased health as compared with restricted feeding. Restricted feeding and thus limiting calorie intake prevents many health problems, increases lifespan and can also increase group uniformity. All this leads to a reduced number of animals needed. So-called standard chows are known to be prone to variation in composition. Synthetic foods have a more standard composition, contributing to group uniformity which, like diet reduction, may decrease the number of animals necessary to obtain statistical significance. In this study, we compared the effects of AL versus restricted feeding (25% reduction in food intake) on standard chow versus synthetic food of three different suppliers on body weight (BW), growth, several blood parameters and organ weights in growing female Wistar rats over a period of 61 days. Diet restriction led to a decreased growth and significantly reduced variation in BW and growth as compared with AL feeding. AL feeding on synthetic diets caused a significantly higher BW gain than on chow diets. Due to experimental design, this same effect occurred on food restriction. Blood parameters and organ weights were affected neither by diet type nor by amount. Incidentally, variations were significantly reduced on food restriction versus AL, and on synthetic diets versus chow diets. This study demonstrates that food restriction versus AL feeding leads to a significantly reduced variation in BW and growth, thereby indicating the potential for reduction when applying this feeding schedule.

Effect of feeding level and dietary protein content on the growth, body composition and rate of protein deposition in pigs growing from 45 to 90 kg

1984 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Campbell ◽  
M. R. Taverner ◽  
D. M. Curic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

ABSTRACT1. Eight diets of similar energy content, ranging in crude protein concentration from 95 to 256 g/kg, were given at either 2·5 or 3·2 times the energy level for maintenance to entire male pigs growing from 45 to 90 kg live weight.2. Growth rate improved with increase in feeding level and with increasing dietary crude protein up to 164 g/kg (P < 0·05). The food conversion ratio improved with each increase in dietary CP up to 186 and 164 g/kg on the lower and higher feeding treatments, respectively (P < 0·05). It was also improved with increase in level of feeding of the lower-protein diets but deteriorated with increase in level of intake of the higher-protein diets (P < 005).3. Rate of protein deposition improved with increasing dietary crude protein up to 186 and 164 g/kg on the lower and higher feeding treatments, respectively (P < 005). The results showed that, for pigs given diets deficient in crude protein, rate of protein deposition was linearly related to protein intake (P < 0·001) but independent of energy intake. For pigs given a diet adequate in crude protein, rate of protein deposition was related to energy intake and independent of crude protein intake.4. Body fat content at 90 kg decreased with increasing dietary crude protein up to 210 and 164 g/kg on the lower and higher feeding treatments, respectively (P < 0·05), and was increased by raising the level of intake of the higher-crude protein diets (P < 0·05). However, the influence of feeding level on body fat diminished as dietary crude protein was reduced.

scholarly journals Effects of Replacing Groundnut Cake with Blood Vegetable Waste Meal in the Diets of Weaner Rabbits

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Adedayo Abiodun Adeniji
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Ad Libitum

A total of seventy-two weaner rabbits of eight weeks of age were used to assess the effects of replacing groundnut cake (GNC) with blood vegetable waste meal (BVWM) in the diets of rabbits. The BVWM was fed to replace dietary GNC at 0, 15, 30, and 45%, with GNC being 15% in the control diet. The four experimental diets were fed ad libitum for a period of eight weeks. BVWM was analyzed to contain a crude protein value of 62.35%. There were comparable feed intake values by rabbits on all the diets although the rabbits in the higher replacement levels of BVWM tended to have consumed more of the feed. There were significant increases (P<0.05) in body weight gain by rabbits as the BVWM level increased in the diet. Similarly, the feed to gain ratio improved and nitrogen digestibility increased (P<0.05) with higher levels of BVWM in the diet. This study shows that rabbits can tolerate the 45% BVWM replacement of groundnut cake effectively.

The nutritional value of rice pollard for sheep

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 525 ◽  
Author(s):  
JP Hogan ◽  
LJ Cook ◽  
P Davis
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Growth Experiment ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Lamb Growth

An investigation has been made of the nutritional value for lambs of diets containing rice pollard from which varying amounts of oil were extracted. The preparations were pelleted with equal amounts of wheaten hay to provide diets containing per kg, 12, 56, 80 and 107 g oil. A fifth diet was also prepared containing 106 g oil, and an additional 2.5 g calcium carbonate/kg. The diets were offered ad libitum to 46 crossbred lambs for 83 days, body weight changes being recorded over the final 53 days. Digestion in the stomach and intestines of similar lambs with fistulae in the rumen and abomasum was also measured with three diets. In the lamb growth experiment, no consistent effects of oil content or additional calcium were observed on feed intake, which ranged from 1.02 to 1.16 kg/day, on weight gain (1 11-148 &/day) or on feed conversion (7.9 - 9.2 kg feed per kg gain). Digestion studies with diets containing hay plus pollard alone, supplemented with calcium carbonate or with the pollard-oil extracted, indicated no differences in the digestibility of organic matter or aciddetergent fibre. However, appreciable grains of nitrogen in the rumen which occurred with the first two diets ensured that the quantities of crude protein apparently digested in the intestines were equivalent to 93-98% of protein intake. The corresponding value for the oil-extracted diet was only 66% of intake. Fibre digestibility, 250-320 g/kg intake, was not significantly different between diets. With the two nonextracted diets, a net loss of oil approximating 760 g/kg consumed occurred in the digestive tract, whereas with the extracted diet slightly more oil was excreted in the faeces than the amount consumed.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON HYPOALBUMINEMIA PRODUCED BY PROTEIN-DEFICIENT DIETS

1942 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Elman ◽  
Frank A. Brown ◽  
Harriet Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Globulin Fraction ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Albumin Depletion

Serum albumin depletion, induced by a 3 weeks fast, was completely corrected within 1 week by the ingestion of a diet consisting solely of meat administered ad libitum. The average protein intake was 50 gm. per kilo of body weight per day. A 2nd week of the same diet produced no further increase in serum albumin though it did lead to an increase in the globulin fraction.

Dietary crude protein intake influences rates of whole-body protein synthesis in weanling horses

2014 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L. Tanner ◽  
A.L. Wagner ◽  
R.N. Digianantonio ◽  
P.A. Harris ◽  
J.T. Sylvester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein

scholarly journals Effect of 4-h time restricted feeding on body weight, leptin concentration and lipid profile in healthy non-obese male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Olamoyegun ◽  
Folasade O. Ajao ◽  
Marcus O. Iyedupe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Obese Male

Abstract Background: Obesity greatly increases the risk of metabolic diseases and preventive approaches for obesity are often inadequate to effectively prevent and manage the diseases. Altering feeding time strategy intervention decreases caloric intake without calorie counting and may be an effective therapy. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of 4-h time restricted feeding on body weight, leptin concentration and lipid profile in healthy non-obese male Wistar rats. Methods: Rats placed on time-restricted feeding (TRF) regimen had freely access to food for 4 hour per day at designated periods. Twenty four rats divided into four groups (n=6) were used. Group I animals were placed on a 4 hour per day TRF between 8am-12noon. Group II rats were also placed on a 4 hour per day TRF between 12noon-4pm. Group III rats also placed on a 4 hour per day TRF between 8pm-12 midnight while Group IV rats had access food and water ad libitum. This diet strategy resembles taking only breakfast, lunch or dinner once a day. The study lasted for a period of 4 weeks with daily food intake and weekly body weight determined throughout the period. At the end of the experimental period, blood glucose, lipid profile and leptin concentration were assessed. SPSS 21.0 package was used for data analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean values of variables among the groups and bonferroni’s posthoc test was used for significance of pair wise comparisons of mean values among the groups. Significance was set at p < 0.05.Results: In this study, the body weights and leptin concentrations of 8pm – 12am and ad libitum groups significantly increased compared with the 8am - 12noon and 12noon -4pm groups. Dyslipidemia was observed in the ad libitum group when compared with the 8am - 12noon and 12noon - 4pm groups. Conclusion: From this study, 4-hr time restricted feeding has beneficial effects on body weight, blood glucose, lipid profile and leptin concentration. This feeding restriction patterns may be helpful in obesity management and in preventing metabolic diseases development in non obese.

scholarly journals Penampilan Produksi Sapi PO dan PFH Jantan yang Mendapat Pakan Konsentrat dan ”Hay” Rumput Gajah

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
R Adiwinarti ◽  
I P Kusuma ◽  
C M Sri Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Grass Hay

This research has been done during August 2004 - January 2005 at Laboratorium Ilmu Ternak Potong dan Kerja, Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. The study was set up to investigate the performance of ongole crossbred and Friesian Holstein crossbred young bulls fed concentrate and Napier grass hay. This research used 4 yearling ongole crossbred (PO) bulls with the initial body weight: 228,17 + 14,77 kg (CV = 6,47%) and 4 yearling friesian holstein crossbred (PFH) bulls with the body weight: 196,34 + 7,64 kg (CV = 3,89%). The Independent Sample Comparisons was used in this study. Those bulls were fed 30% hay of Napier grass and 70% concentrate made of “bungkil kelapa sawit” (80%) and rice bran (20%). The ration was given based on dry matter need, 2.5% of the body weight. Parameters observed were the average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (dry matter intake, crude protein intake, Total Digestible Nutrients’ 2 Sains Peternakan Vol.8 (1), Maret 2010 intake) and feed conversion. Data were analyzed using t-test; except for feed conversion was analyzed deskriptifely.The result indicated that those cattle fed concentrate and Napier grass had ADG and feed intake relatively similar. The average of ADG PO bulls were 0.21 kg and PFH bulls were 0.22 kg. Dry matter intakes of PO and PFH bulls were 3.33 kg/day and 2.83 kg/day. Crude protein intake of PO bulls were 0,45 kg/day and that of PFH bulls were 0,38 kg/day, whereas TDN intake of PO bulls were 1,93 kg/day and PFH bulls were 1,20 kg/day. Feed conversion of PO bulls was 15.86 and that of PFH bulls was 12.86. It can be concluded that the performance of Ongole crossbred and Friesian Holstein crossbred young bulls fed concentrate and Napier grass hay was similar. Those indicated that PFH bulls had productivity that was the same as PO bulls. Key words : Bulls, performance, feed intake, feed conversion

scholarly journals Effects of some management factors (Housing condition and watering regimen) on blood parameters of desert goats

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
Ebahiem Mohammed Alhadi ◽  
Ismail Intisar Alnour ◽  
Salah Bukhari Salah Abulgabar ◽  
Abdalla Mohamed Suleiman Eshag ◽  
Hammad Dahia Salah Basar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Plasma Calcium ◽  
Housing Condition ◽  
Blood Protein ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
June July

This study aimed to assess the effects of housing condition and watering regimen on some blood parameters during the period May 2018- February 2019. Desert goat Package Cell Volume% (PCV %) were highest during January, February and lowest during May, and August. Goats had the highest (P<0.001) blood Hemoglobin (Hb%) during May and July with very slight fluctuations throughout the seven months of the experimental period. Goats under shade had comparatively higher PCV% and slightly lower Hb% in comparison with those under direct sunlight. Plasma Calcium was low during February and January and rose during December with higher levels during May, June and July. Goat plasma phosphorus concentrations followed an opposite picture being highest (P<0.01) during October, December, and February and lowest (P<0.01) during other months. Plasma Calcium (Ca) and Phosphorus (P) concentrations were slightly (P>0.05) higher for goats under shade compared with those under direct sunlight. The main effects of months on blood metabolites were highly significant (P<0.01). The highest goat blood protein was during, June-July and lowest (P<0.01) during other months. Goat blood albumen levels were highest (P<0.001) for August- September- October and lowest for January- February whereas blood glucose levels were highest (P<0.01) during January- February and with very slight fluctuations throughout the seven months of the experimental period. Blood protein, blood albumin and blood glucose levels were relatively higher (P>0.05) for goats under shade compared with those under direct sunlight. Goats watered everyday had slightly lower blood protein and albumin and slightly higher blood glucose in comparison with goats watered every other day.

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