International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research
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Published By Peertechz Publications Private Limited

2640-7604

Author(s):  
Ebahiem Mohammed Alhadi ◽  
Hamed Hajir ◽  
Salah Bukhari Salah Abulgabar ◽  
Abdalla Mohamed Suleiman Eshag ◽  
Hammad Dahia Salah Basar ◽  
...  

The study was established to study the effects of supplementation with Sida alba leaves on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, live body weight changes of Sudanese Desert lambs. Fifteen Lambs of 4-6 months old and weighing 18±500 kg were divided into three similar groups each with five animals. Seven days were allowed for adaptation. The lambs were weighed weekly for 8 weeks. Daily feed intake was obtained by subtracting the remained amounts from quantities offered the day before. Feces were collected at the last ten days for determination of nutrients digestibility coefficients via total feces collection method. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance. Differences among means were detected using least significant difference test. The results indicated that group II that was on natural grazing supplemented with Sida alba leaves consumed significantly (p<0.01) greater amount of feed compared to group I that was on the natural grazing only and group III supplemented with a concentrate ration feed intake was 1316,730, 1381,500 and 1207.650 g for group I, II and III, respectively. No significant differences (P≥0.05) in digestibility coefficients of all nutrients between group II and III but group I had lowers coefficients than II and III. Total and daily body weight was higher in group II and III when compared with group I. The biomass production was estimated to be 84.910 g/shrub or 1.697 per hectare based on a square meter space for a plant. It was concluded Sida alba leaves could support lambs on low quality grazing.


Author(s):  
Metaferiya Henok Mulatu ◽  
Shafi Waziir ◽  
Abebe Henok

Transboundary Animal Diseases (TADs) are highly contagious diseases of livestock within the world. they need importance within the international trade of animals and animal products. With rapidly increasing globalization, associated risk of transboundary disease is emerging. They reduce production and productivity, disrupt local and national economies, and also threaten human health (zoonosis). Transboundary diseases are a priority globally, cumulative effort is required at the international level to attenuate the spread of infectious diseases across the borders. except for sub-Saharan African countries more particularly, eradication of most Transboundary animal diseases is impossible thanks to various technical, financial and logistical reasons like increased outbreaks of transboundary animal diseases droughts and market issues. In Ethiopia Transboundary animal diseases are endemic livestock diseases that cause market limits. This imposes far-reaching challenges for agricultural scientists on the critically important have to improve technologies in animal production and health so as to confirm food security, poverty alleviation and to assist the economic process. The international approach to the management of TADs is predicated on the belief that the majority is often eradicated. However, in developing countries, eradication of most TADs is difficult for a range of technical, financial and logistical reasons. General TADs combating strategies include prevention, early warning, early detection and early control.


Author(s):  
Ebahiem Mohammed Alhadi ◽  
Ismail Intisar Alnour ◽  
Salah Bukhari Salah Abulgabar ◽  
Abdalla Mohamed Suleiman Eshag ◽  
Hammad Dahia Salah Basar ◽  
...  

This study aimed to assess the effects of housing condition and watering regimen on some blood parameters during the period May 2018- February 2019. Desert goat Package Cell Volume% (PCV %) were highest during January, February and lowest during May, and August. Goats had the highest (P<0.001) blood Hemoglobin (Hb%) during May and July with very slight fluctuations throughout the seven months of the experimental period. Goats under shade had comparatively higher PCV% and slightly lower Hb% in comparison with those under direct sunlight. Plasma Calcium was low during February and January and rose during December with higher levels during May, June and July. Goat plasma phosphorus concentrations followed an opposite picture being highest (P<0.01) during October, December, and February and lowest (P<0.01) during other months. Plasma Calcium (Ca) and Phosphorus (P) concentrations were slightly (P>0.05) higher for goats under shade compared with those under direct sunlight. The main effects of months on blood metabolites were highly significant (P<0.01). The highest goat blood protein was during, June-July and lowest (P<0.01) during other months. Goat blood albumen levels were highest (P<0.001) for August- September- October and lowest for January- February whereas blood glucose levels were highest (P<0.01) during January- February and with very slight fluctuations throughout the seven months of the experimental period. Blood protein, blood albumin and blood glucose levels were relatively higher (P>0.05) for goats under shade compared with those under direct sunlight. Goats watered everyday had slightly lower blood protein and albumin and slightly higher blood glucose in comparison with goats watered every other day.


Author(s):  
Munibullah Munibullah ◽  
Li Yanmin ◽  
Munib Kainat ◽  
Zhang Zhidong

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a world organization for animal health (OIE) notifiable and economically important transboundary, highly contagious and acute viral disease of small ruminants. The disease is caused by the PPR Virus (PPRV). PPRV belongs to the genus Morbillivirus of the family Paramyxoviridae. The recent epidemiological and molecular characterization of PPR virus isolates subdivides them into four genetically distinct lineages (I, II, III and IV). The disease is endemic across Asia, the Middle East and African regions and is considered to be a major obstacle to the development of sustainable agriculture across the developing world due to a huge burden on the economy and development of the affected countries and has recently been targeted by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the OIE for global eradication by 2030. PPR-endemic countries should join the regional force, and implement regional roadmaps for the progressive and successful control and elimination of PPRV. In this review, the regional epidemiology of PPR outbreaks and overall regional associated risk factors including animal factors (age, species, sex), environmental factors (season, spatial distribution of disease in various locations) and trade associated factors with special reference to the PPR-affected countries in South, Central and East Asia is comprehensively discussed.


Author(s):  
Ebahiem Mohammed Alhadi ◽  
Ajabeldoor Izarig Mubaak Abdalla ◽  
Salah Bukhari Salah Abulgabar ◽  
Abdalla Mohamed Suleiman Eshag ◽  
Hammad Dahia Salah Basar ◽  
...  

This study was conducted to study the effects of the intake of the Alysacrpus Monilifera on dry matter intake, digestibility of nutrients and performance of Desert bucks. Twelve Desert goats bucks 4-5 years old with an average weight of 11 + 0.250 kg, were divided into three equal groups. The first group was fed A. Monilifera fodder, while the second group consumed the natural pasture free of A. Monilifera while the third group consumed the groundnut haulms. After observing the cases of deadly diarrhea in the first group, the feeding pattern was modified with 50% natural pasture and 50% A. Monilifer fodder. The fodder was analyzed as well as conducting in vitro digestibility. The experimental design was randomized and the data were analyzed using the analysis of variance and the detection of differences among means using least significant difference test. The results showed that feeding A. Monilifer alone resulted in fatal diarrhea in bucks without affecting appetite, and the dry matter digestibility and organic matter in vitro digestibility was significantly (P<0.05) higher in A. Monilifer than compared to the groundnut haulms or the natural grazing. The weight gain was significantly (P<0.05) higher for the group on groundnut haulms and the natural grazing than those on A. Monilifer alone but when 50% of the plant biomass was replaced by the natural grazing the gain was significantly higher. The study concluded that the intake of A. Monilifer at the growth stage was good quality roughage when fed as part of the diet.


Author(s):  
Campbell Clinton B ◽  
Kline Daniel L ◽  
Hogsette Jerome A ◽  
TenBroeck Saundra H

Field studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of commercially available mosquito traps to capture suspected West Nile Virus (WNV) vectors and compare the relative abundance, and species composition of mosquitoes captured by traps. Traps included the Mosquito Magnet (MM) Pro, MM-Liberty, MM-X, the CDC-1012, and the Home and Garden (HGM) prototype trap. In the first study, conducted at the University of Florida Horse Teaching Unit (HTU), Gainesville, FL, from May 17 to September 30, 2002, the CDC-1012 caught significantly more mosquitoes than the other traps. The HGM trap did not catch any mosquitoes and was replaced with a horse on July 17. Percentages of WNV vector species captured in traps and vacuumed from the horse, respectively, were Culex nigripalpus Theobald 85-91% and 27%, and Mansonia titillans (Walker) 2-5% and 40%. In the second study, performed for 5 days in April 2003, the MM-Pro, MM-X, and CDC-1012 traps caught significantly more mosquitoes than did the MM-Liberty trap. All traps captured primarily Cx. salinarius Coquillett, Cx. erraticus (Dyar and Knab), and Anopheles crucians Wiedemann. The horse attracted a greater percentage of Ma. titillans and less Cx. erraticus than did the mechanical traps. The mechanical traps may offer horses some degree of protection from suspected WNV species, however, a large number of Ma. titillans were recovered from the horse but the traps captured very few.


Author(s):  
Jayananthan Vinodhini ◽  
A Abiramy Prabavathy ◽  
S Uma ◽  
S Barathiraja ◽  
K Rajkumar ◽  
...  

The present study on Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in dogs was aimed to record the incidence, risk factors, and clinical findings. Dogs irrespective of age, breed, sex with history, and clinical manifestations suggestive of CKD were selected and subjected to physical examination, urinalysis, hematology, and serum biochemistry. Based on these parameters twenty-nine dogs were identified as suffering from CKD and were classified into stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV as per the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) staging system for CKD. Serum biochemistry revealed a significant increase in levels of serum creatinine, BUN, and cholesterol when compared to healthy controls. In conclusion, the prevalence of CKD in dogs was 2.5% and the article discussed the clinical and hemato-biochemical changes in CKD.


Author(s):  
Hordofa Debele ◽  
Hedato Abdi ◽  
Haji Yusuf ◽  
Senbetu Asefa

Ticks are one of the best known groups of ecto parasites, which affect the cattle production and productivity either by transmitting different tick borne disease or by affecting health of cattle and as well as the quality of hides. Cross-sectional study design was implemented with the objective to estimate the prevalence of tick infestation and to identify the type tick of cattle in and around Honkola-Wabe woreda of Arsi zone of Oromia regional state, from January 2021 to August 2021. 400 cattle (local and cross breed) were selected using simple random sampling from four randomly selected kebeles; and examined for tick infestation and adult tick were collected for tick identification. From these 292(73%) of the animals were infested with different tick species and 108 (27%) of them were free of tick infestation. The highest number of cattle was infested with Amblyomma 160 (40%) followed by Boophilus 71(18%), Rhipicephalus 48 (12%) and Hyalomma 12(3%). There were significant statistically difference between tick infestation prevalence among different factors like breed, age, and sex and body conditions scored. For example, the prevalence rate of tick infested cattle were higher in cross breeds (79.4%) than in local breeds (69.5 %) (χ2=4.57; p=0.033). The result of the current study fills the information gap on prevalence of tick infected cattle of different breeds found in Honkola Wabe area. Tick, therefore, can lead to highly damage the national economic. Thus, in order to provide effective control of tick infestation systematic intervention approach could be implemented that will reduced chance of tick infestation of cattle and thereby improve cattle production.


Author(s):  
Feyisa Debele Hordofa ◽  
kedir Meseret ◽  
Shene Leta

Vaccination is one of the most efficient tools for protection against clinical disease of livestock and reduces the rate of spread of infection. The study was conducted using secondary data that recorded at Lemu and Bilbilo Woreda veterinary clinic with the objective to assess the vaccination coverage in the study area from March to September 2021. Results revealed the most commonly practiced vaccine were bacterial and viral diseases from secondary data recorded were Lumpy skin disease, Black leg, Pasteurellosis, New castle, Gumboro disease, chicken pox, Fowl pox, and Fowl Cholera. The percentage of vaccine coverage for lumpy skin disease decreases from a year 2017 (51.1%) to 2021(24%). The majority of Goat (96.7%) was vaccinated against goat pox during 2017 and the 0% Anthrax vaccine for Goat in 2021. Only 7.3% sheep in 2017 and near 37.4% in 2021 were vaccinated with sheep pox from total population. About 87.4% of equines were vaccinated from total population in 2017. The proportion of Newcastle disease and Gumboro disease vaccine coverage were 35% and 15.4%, respectively. Dog vaccination against rabies is increases from a year 2017 (4.8%) to 2020 (11%) in except 0.5% in 2021. The vaccine trends were fluctuating and/or decreasing from year to year. However, vaccine trend for Anthrax of cattle was increasing from year to year. It is therefore, suggested that implementation of planed and regularly vaccination of animal was very important for diseases control and prevention are recommended in order to decrease disease reoccurrence in the area.


Author(s):  
Demissie Tilaye ◽  
Yilma Tefera ◽  
Degefa Tamrat ◽  
Wirtu Gemechu ◽  
Lemma Alemayehu

Genetic differences have been suggested as a possible cause for variation in responses to exogenous hormones. Here we evaluated the effect of follicle ablation, exogenous FSH and coasting time prior to ovum pick-up (OPU) on the number of follicles suitable for aspiration, oocyte quality, and cleavage rate in Ethiopian Boran cows. The experiment was carried out in three parts, I) Cows were synchronized using 500µg PGF2α given 11 days apart. Cows were then subjected to a biweekly ovum pickup session before ovulation (n=5) or starting Day 7 after ovulation (n=4) for three weeks. II) Cows were similarly synchronized and all visible follicles were ablated on the first days of overt estrus which were then further grouped into cows that received a divided dose of 350IU FSH (n=5) or 175IU FSH (n=5) over three days. In both groups OPU was carried out weekly starting 48h after the last FSH for six weeks. III) A similar protocol as in part II was carried out but coasting period was increased to 72hrs for cows that received 350IU FSH as divided dose (n=5) and 48hrs coasting period for single 350IU FSH dose (n=5). The covariates of follicles and oocyte were not affected (P>0.05) by corpus luteum presence at OPU. The mean number of medium (7.36±0.57) and large (8.28±0.96) follicles were significantly higher (P<0.05) in group that received divided 350IU FSH. Similarly, the mean number of Grade-1 (4.19±0.24) and Grade-2 (4.32±.27) COC, maturation rate (70.41%) and cleavage rate (47.5%) were significantly higher (P<0.05) in group that received 350IU FSH. COC quality was significantly (P<0.05) influenced by costing period. However, both maturation and cleavage rates were not affected by the coasting period. This study demonstrated that follicular ablation and treatment with FSH improves follicular population and oocyte recovery rate in Boran cows.


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