scholarly journals Prospects of neem and citronella oil against Pseudococcus longispinus (hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Phalaenopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012088
Author(s):  
D Hutapea ◽  
I B Rahardjoa ◽  
M Thamrin
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Pseudococcus Longispinus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Citronella Oil ◽  
Ornamental Crops ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Flower Quality

Abstract Synthetic insecticides are still widely used in gardens and greenhouses of ornamental crops to reduce populations of insect pests and preserve flower quality. The improper and unwise use of synthetic insecticides has caused various negative impacts on humans, insect pests, and the environment. Therefore, the quest for unharmed insecticides and environmentally friendly is being sought. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of botanical insecticide formulation of neem and citronella oil to control long-tailed mealybug Pseudococcus longispinus. Four insecticide concentrations of neem, citronella oil and its mixtures (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 per cent) were tested for their effectiveness by adding each with Latron at 0.5% as an emulsifier. Bioassays were performed in the laboratory by spraying insecticides on Phalaenopsis leaves infested with P. longispinus groups of one size class, mostly represented by the third instar nymphs. The results revealed that all insecticides tested caused mortality after 24 hours. The combination of neem and citronella in 1.5% provided adequate protection by reducing P. longispinus populations by up to 86%. Thus, botanical insecticides can be recommended as a viable alternative to synthetic insecticides against P. longispinus which infested orchids.

Efficacy of some insecticide modules against major insect pests and spider population of rice, Oryza sativa L.

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Atanu Seni ◽  
Bhimasen Naik
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Treated Plot

Experiments were carried out to assess some insecticide modules against major insect pests of rice. Each module consists of a basal application of carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 at 20 DAT and Rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 30 g a.i ha-1 at 45 DAT except untreated control. All modules differ with each other only in third treatment which was applied in 65 DAT. The third treatment includes: Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1, Triflumezopyrim 106 SC @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Buprofezin 25 SC @ 250 g a.i ha-1; Glamore (Imidacloprid 40+Ethiprole 40% w/w) 80 WG @ 100 g a.i. ha-1, Thiacloprid 24 SC @ 60 g a.i ha-1, Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1, Dinotefuran 20 SG@ 40 g a.i ha-1 and untreated control. All the treated plots recorded significantly lower percent of dead heart, white ear- head caused by stem borer and silver shoot caused by gall midge. Module with Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1 treated plot recorded significantly higher per cent reduction of plant hoppers (>80% over untreated control) and produced higher grain yield (50.75 qha-1) than the other modules. Among the different treated modules the maximum number of spiders was found in Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1 treated module plot followed by other treatments.

Seasonal Incidence of Major Sternorrhynchan Insect Pests Infesting Arecanut In South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar Dubey ◽  
C.M. Kalleshwaraswamy ◽  
B.K. Shivanna
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
Pseudococcus Longispinus ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Chrysomphalus Aonidum

Field experiments were conducted during 2019-20 to know the seasonal incidence of three species of sternorrhynchan insect pests infesting in arecanut viz., whitefly, Aleurocanthus arecae, armoured scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum and mealybug, Pseudococcus longispinus in two different locations under southern transitional zone. The study revealed that, all the three species infesting arecanut were active throughout the year. Correlation studies of whiteflies showed that, rainfall was significantly positively correlated and maximum temperature and sunshine hours were significantly negatively correlated. For armoured scales, non-significant positive correlation with minimum temperature and for the mealybug resulted that the maximum temperature was significantly positively correlated whereas the relative humidity was significantly negatively correlated.

scholarly journals Potensi Ekstrak Karamunting (Melastoma malabathricum L.) sebagai Insektisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Kartina Kartina ◽  
Shulkipli Shulkipli ◽  
Mardhiana Mardhiana ◽  
Saat Egra
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

<h1>Spodoptera litura F. is one of the important pests in Horticulture commodities which can cause damage 80% and up to 100%. Karamunting (Melastome malabathricum) is a wild plant that grows in Tarakan City. This plant is known to contain secondary metabolites which are thought to have the potential to control pests. This study aims to determine the potential of Karamunting extract as a botanical insecticide material to control armyworms. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 1 treatment factor, namely the concentration of Karamunting leaf extract. Potential extracts as botanical insecticides were tested by dye method using 4 concentrations, namely 0 (control); 500; 1000; 2000; 4000; and 8000 ppm. The results showed that Karamunting leaf extract was able to control armyworm pests. Giving extracts of 8000 ppm (P5) in feed caused the highest decrease in eating activity up to 41,2%, larval mortality up to 85%, and the highest mortality rate after 7 days of observation. Decreased feeding activity and larval mortality were thought to be influenced by the presence of phenol compounds, fatty acids, terpenoids, sterols and alkaloids identified in the extract. Thus, Karamunting leaf extract has the potential to be developed as an active ingredient in botanical insecticides to control armyworm.<strong></strong></h1>

scholarly journals Critical discourse analysis on nomophobie students at in private university

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elysa Hartati ◽  
Agustinus Hary Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Private University ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mobile Phone Addiction ◽  
Negative Impacts

Nomophobie students have a major concern for current academic issues. Most mobile phone addiction is correlated with negative impacts. Hence, it is needed another descriptive result to know the whole impacts of nomophobie.The aim of this research is to know the critical discourse anlaysis for macro structure, superstructure, micro structure of the news articles by nomophobie students. This is a descriptive qualitative research of case studies which requires an exploratory method to examine, analyze and uncover certain cases.  This research was conducted at a private university in Yogyakarta during January - September 2018. The ability of smartphone users' discourse analysis to circulate news about New Yogyakarta International Airport in two articles has been known in several elements. The findings show that theme elements has been 100% known by the nomophobie students. The second is the rethoric elements which is 91.6%. The third is stylistics which is known for 41.6%. The fourth is syntax which is 16.6%. Scheme and Semantics have not been known at all (9%) by the nomophobie students. Thus, it was proven that all nomophobie students always bring negative impacts towards a certain issue.

scholarly journals Fictional Characters’ Heroism in Assassin’s Creed III Video Game in the Perception of Indonesian Video Gamers

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Rahmawan Jatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Real World ◽  
Historical Fiction ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Video Gamers ◽  
Negative Impacts

Assassin’s Creed is a historical fiction video game developed and published by Ubisoft. This video game has been so far considered as one of the most violent video games. Assassin’s Creed III is the third sequel of which plot is set in a fictional history of real world events and follows the centuries-old conflict between the Assassins and the Templars. Based on this study, the plot, characters, characterization, and scenes in Assassin’s Creed III are deemed to be able to give positive teachings to the young generation, despite the fact that there are violent and sadistic scenes in the story. Haytham Kenway, who is “evil” protagonist in Assassin’s Creed Forsaken, is portrayed as an expert in using weapons, since he was kid. Separated from his family, Kenway was taken by mysterious mentor, who trained him to be the most deadly killer. Comparisons with classic characters such as Oedipus, Hamlet, or Indonesian legendary character Sangkuriang are intentionally made to sharpen the analysis. The finding of this study is that heroic value might be found in either protagonist or antagonistic characters, whose roles involved numerous violent actions. Comments from the official website and social media which claim that Assassin’s Creed has brought negative impacts on the consumers might not be totally true.

scholarly journals Keefektifan Nematoda Patogen Serangga Steinernema sp. Terhadap Achaea janata L., Serangga Pemakan Daun Jarak Kepyar (Ricinus communis)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Heri Prabowo ◽  
I.G.A.A. Indrayani
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Infective Juvenile ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Achaea Janata ◽  
Negative Impacts

<p>Penggunaan pestisida kimia yang cukup tinggi pada akhir-akhir ini telah menimbulkan dampak negatif ter-hadap lingkungan, sehingga pengendalian hama yang ramah lingkungan sangat diperlukan. Saat ini, peng-gunaan nematoda entomopatogen terutama Steinernema sp., membuka peluang untuk digunakan sebagai pengendalian Achaea janata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keefektifan Steinernema sp. ter-hadap A. Janata , dilaksanakan di laboratorium patologi serangga Balai Penelitan Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Agustus 2011. Penelitian menggunakan rancanagan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat ulangan. Setiap ulangan menggunakan 25 larva A. janata instar 2. Larva diekspose de-ngan berbagai variasi konsentrasi Steinernema sp. dan kematian larva diamati setiap hari sampai 120 jam setelah infeksi. Konsentrasi Steinernema sp. yang digunakan adalah 0, 50, 100, 200, 300, dan 400 JI/larva. Hasil penelitian pemberian Steinernema sp. pada konsentrasi 200, 300, dan 400 JI/larva cukup efektif untuk membunuh A. janata dengan persentase berkisar antara 80–94% mulai 48–120 jam setelah perlakuan. Se-makin tinggi konsentrasi nematoda, semakin tinggi mortalitas A. janata. Steinernema sp. dengan konsen-trasi 400 JI/larva paling efektif membunuh larva, menurunkan bobot larva, bobot pupa, jumlah telur yang dihasilkan, dan fertilitas telur.</p><p> </p><p>High intensity of chemical pesticide application has become a serious concern of environmentalists in recent years, because of various negative impacts of it. Therefore, environmentally friendly techniques of controlling insect pest are needed. Recently, the use of entomopathogenic nematodes, especially Steinernema sp., has created new possibilities of promising control techniques against insect pests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Steinernema sp. to A. janata larvae in laboratory. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Insect Pathology Laboratory of Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Insti-tute from March to August 2011. Tests used the 2nd stage larvae of Achaea janata, the leaf eater of castor (Ricinus communis). Treatment arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replicates. For each test used 25 larvae which were exposed to various concentrations of Steinernema sp. Concentration of Steinernema sp. used was 0, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 infective juvenile/larvae. Daily mortality A. janata larvae, larval and pupal weight, the number of eggs laid, and number of hatch eggs were recorded. Steinernema sp. on concentration of 200; 300; and 400 IJ/larvae was effective to cause mortality of A. janata larvae (80–94% mortality after 48–120 hours). The higher the concentration of the nematode the higher larval mortality. Steinernema sp. with concentration of 400 IJ/ larvae was effective decreasing larval and pupal weight, the number of eggs laid, and fertility of the eggs produced.</p>

scholarly journals Species of sucking pests of ornamental crops in the conditions of the Southern Coast of the Crimea

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
N. N. Trikoz ◽  
R. O. Andreev ◽  
S. I. Shevtsov
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Ornamental Crops ◽  
Trophic Connections

The results of the analysis of the species composition of sucking pests species during the period from 2009 to 2019 are presented. Based on long-term phytosanitary monitoring, 37 species belonging to 12 families were identified, of which the most numerous are the families Diaspididae and Aphididae of the order Hemiptera. According to the nature of trophic connections, 59.9% are monophages, 32.4% are polyphages and 8.1% are oligophages. According to the nature of the damage caused, sucking species differ from each other. Some species lead to a change in the color of leaves and flowers (thrips, mites, coccids), others cause deformation of the leaf blade and inflorescences (coccids, worms, false coccids, herbivorous mites) and the third group includes species that form galls on the leaves (laurel psyllid, pistachio marginal gall aphid). According to ecological features, sucking pest species are divided into three main groups: open-living species, which include aphids, cicadae, psyllas, white flies, the second group includes species that have covers of various nature on the body, such as coccids, worms and false coccids, and the third group consists of gall makers. The dominant species, the degree of harmfulness, the frequency of occurrence and the range of forage plants were determined.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION FREQUENCY AND LEAF DETACHMENT ON CHRYSANTHEMUM GROWN IN TWO TYPES OF PLASTIC HOUSE

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Budiarto ◽  
Y. Sulyo ◽  
E. Dwi S.N. ◽  
R.H.M. Maaswinkel
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Flower Quality

Chrysanthemum is one of important ornamentals in Indonesia and it ranks in the first quantity of cut flower marketed every year. In most cases, the low productivity is still a constraint for the traditional growers to make production process profitable. Several problems revealed in chrysanthemum production were investigated. The study dealt with the effect of two types of plastic house constructions, irrigation frequency, and leaf detachment on the growth and development of chrysanthemum. The experiment was conducted at Segunung, Indonesian Ornamental Plants Research Institute during the dry season of 2005. A nested design with six replications was used. The results showed that plants grown in wood-constructed plastic house had better growth performance and flower quality than those under bamboo plastic house. Longer stem and higher plant fresh weight with more flowers and longer life span were also observed on chrysanthemum irrigated four times per week than those irrigated twice per week. Leaf removal often practiced by the growers is no longer recommended, since the number of leaves on the plant influenced all parameters observed. The more leaves were detached, the more negative impacts on plant growth were found.

scholarly journals APLIKASI INSEKTISIDA NABATI BERBAHAN TANAMAN RAWA UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN HAMA KEDELAI ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura) DI LAHAN RAWA PASANG SURUT

AgriPeat ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Syaiful Asikin ◽  
Melhanah Melhanah ◽  
Yuni Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Randomized Block Design

One type of pest that often attacks soybean plant leaves in tidal swamplands is the armyworm pest. The intensity of leaf damage due to armyworm attack in tidal swamps ranges from 30-95%, and can even lead to crop failure. In controlling pests in soybean plants in general, always rely on chemical insecticides. The use of these chemical insecticides has a negative impact on the environment. To overcome this, the control is directed towards environmentally friendly pest control by utilizing swamp plants as a botanical insecticide. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) with 3 treatments of swamp plant extracts (galam, kirinyuh, kepayang) and 3 controls, namely without control, botanical insecticide made from neem, chemical insecticide with the active ingredient kloraniliprol. The aim of this study was to obtain a swamp plant extract that could be used in controlling armyworm pests (Spodoptera litura). The results showed that the three types of swamp plants could be used as botanical insecticides in controlling armyworm pests, and has an effectiveness value above 70%. The highest effectiveness of botanical insecticides was obtained at the age of 75 DAP, namely Galam (78.29%), Kirinyuh (78.86%) and Kepayang (78.85%).

Evaluation of Piper marginatum (Piperales: Piperaceae) Oil and Geraniol on the Embryonic Development of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Comparison to Formulated Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina A Guedes ◽  
Valeria Wanderley Teixeira ◽  
Kamila A Dutra ◽  
Daniela M A F Navarro ◽  
Glaucilane S Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Synthetic Insecticide ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Semithin Sections ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Essential oils and their isolated constituents are constantly being studied for the control of insect pests. In this context, the present research reports the chemical composition of Piper marginatum (Jacq.) oil aiming to: 1) establish lethal concentrations LC30 and LC50 for this oil and the compound geraniol, 2) histologically examine the embryonic development of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) through light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as 3) compare the efficacy of the P. marginatum oil with that of the botanical insecticide azadirachtin, the synthetic insecticide deltamethrin, and acetone as a negative control. Semithin sections of S. frugiperda eggs revealed that the oil, geraniol, azadirachtin, and deltamethrin affected embryonic development at both concentrations. However, geraniol and the oil were more efficient because they caused more significant damage, even at lower concentrations. SEM revealed that all products altered the morphology of the eggs, modifying the structure of the chorion and making the eggs nonviable. Thus, this work demonstrates that P. marginatum oil is effective in the control of S. frugiperda because it results in embryonic damage even at the lowest concentrations.

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