scholarly journals Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata L.)

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
H Oktarina ◽  
D R Adithia ◽  
T Chamzurni
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Morphological Characteristic ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Mandarin Orange

Abstract Endophytic fungi are recognised for producing secondary metabolites that have an effect on the host, such as promoting growth and enhancing plant resilience to biotic and abiotic stress. The objective of this study was to explore endophytic fungi from Citrus reticulata. The endophytic fungi were isolated from both healthy and infected roots, stems, and twigs of C. reticulata. The materials were sterilised and inoculated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. The fungi grown were transferred onto fresh PDA plates and identified based on their morphological characteristic, including colonial features, hyphae type, and reproduction structure. Five endophytic fungi were identified as Colletotrichum sp. AJSH2-1, Cylindrocladium sp. BJSH1-2, Rhizopus sp. RJSH1-1, Mucor sp. RJSH1-2, and Aspergillus sp. BJSH1-1. Further study is required to understand the ability of the identified genera in protecting the host from plant disease as well as promoting growth.

scholarly journals Proteomic profile of Piper tuberculatum (Piperaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Cotinguiba ◽  
S. N. López ◽  
I. G. F. Budzinski ◽  
C. A. Labate ◽  
M. J. Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Proteomic Profile ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Proteomic Study ◽  
Molecular Information

Abstract Piper tuberculatum (Piperaceae) is a species that accumulates especially amides as secondary metabolites and several biological activities was previously reported. In this article, we report a proteomic study of P. tuberculatum. Bidimensional electrophoresis (2D SDS-PAGE) and mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF) were used in this study. Over a hundred spots and various peptides were identified in this species and the putative functions of these peptides related to defense mechanism as biotic and abiotic stress were assigned. The information presented extend the range of molecular information of P. tuberculatum.

scholarly journals Patents on Endophytic Fungi Related to Secondary Metabolites and Biotransformation Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Torres-Mendoza ◽  
Humberto E. Ortega ◽  
Luis Cubilla-Rios
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Mammalian Herbivores ◽  
Important Group

Endophytic fungi are an important group of microorganisms and one of the least studied. They enhance their host’s resistance against abiotic stress, disease, insects, pathogens and mammalian herbivores by producing secondary metabolites with a wide spectrum of biological activity. Therefore, they could be an alternative source of secondary metabolites for applications in medicine, pharmacy and agriculture. In this review, we analyzed patents related to the production of secondary metabolites and biotransformation processes through endophytic fungi and their fields of application. We examined 245 patents (224 related to secondary metabolite production and 21 for biotransformation). The most patented fungi in the development of these applications belong to the Aspergillus, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Penicillium, and Phomopsis genera and cover uses in the biomedicine, agriculture, food, and biotechnology industries.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis of secondary metabolites in a plant community provides evidence for trade-offs between biotic and abiotic stress tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-451
Author(s):  
Alicia Montesinos-Navarro ◽  
Rosa M. Pérez-Clemente ◽  
Ricardo Sánchez-Martín ◽  
Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas ◽  
Miguel Verdú
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals Structurally Uncommon Secondary Metabolites Derived from Endophytic Fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Humberto E. Ortega ◽  
Daniel Torres-Mendoza ◽  
Zuleima Caballero E. ◽  
Luis Cubilla-Rios
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Solid Culture ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Structural Classes

Among microorganisms, endophytic fungi are the least studied, but they have attracted attention due to their high biological diversity and ability to produce novel and bioactive secondary metabolites to protect their host plant against biotic and abiotic stress. These compounds belong to different structural classes, such as alkaloids, peptides, terpenoids, polyketides, and steroids, which could present significant biological activities that are useful for pharmacological or medical applications. Recent reviews on endophytic fungi have mainly focused on the production of novel bioactive compounds. Here, we focus on compounds produced by endophytic fungi, reported with uncommon bioactive structures, establishing the neighbor net and diversity of endophytic fungi. The review includes compounds published from January 2015 to December 2020 that were catalogued as unprecedented, rare, uncommon, or possessing novel structural skeletons from more than 39 different genera, with Aspergillus and Penicillium being the most mentioned. They were reported as displaying cytotoxic, antitumor, antimicrobial, antiviral, or anti-inflammatory activity. The solid culture, using rice as a carbon source, was the most common medium utilized in the fermentation process when this type of compound was isolated.

scholarly journals Interaction Between Grasses and Epichloe Endophytes and Its Significance to Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance and the Rhi-Zosphere

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendall Carroll Lee ◽  
Ali Missaoui ◽  
Kishan Mahmud ◽  
Holly Presley ◽  
Marin Lonnee
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Host Fungus ◽  
Rhizosphere Environment ◽  
Epichloë Endophytes

Cool-season grasses are the most common forage types in livestock operations and amenities. Several of the cool-season grasses establish mutualistic associations with an endophytic fungus of the Epichloe genus. The grasses and endophytic fungi have evolved over a long period of time to form host-fungus specific relationships that confer protection for the grass against various stressors in exchange for housing and nutrients to the fungus. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms by which Epichloe endophytes and grasses interact, including molecular pathways for secondary metabolite production. It also outlines specific mechanisms by which the endophyte helps protect the plant from various abiotic and biotic stressors. Finally, the review provides information on how Epichloe infection of grass and stress affect the rhizosphere environment of the plant.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Srikaya Plants (Annona squamosa) Having Potential Secondary Metabolites as Anti-Breast Cancer Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRASETYAWAN YUNIANTO ◽  
SYOFI ROSMALAWATI ◽  
INDRA RACHMAWATI ◽  
WAHYUDI PRIYONO SUWARSO ◽  
WAHONO SUMARYONO
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cancer Activity

scholarly journals Plant Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis and Transcriptional Regulation in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stress Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Rahmatullah Jan ◽  
Sajjad Asaf ◽  
Muhammad Numan ◽  
Lubna ◽  
Kyung-Min Kim
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis

Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) play important roles in plant survival and in creating ecological connections between other species. In addition to providing a variety of valuable natural products, secondary metabolites help protect plants against pathogenic attacks and environmental stresses. Given their sessile nature, plants must protect themselves from such situations through accumulation of these bioactive compounds. Indeed, secondary metabolites act as herbivore deterrents, barriers against pathogen invasion, and mitigators of oxidative stress. The accumulation of SMs are highly dependent on environmental factors such as light, temperature, soil water, soil fertility, and salinity. For most plants, a change in an individual environmental factor can alter the content of secondary metabolites even if other factors remain constant. In this review, we focus on how individual environmental factors affect the accumulation of secondary metabolites in plants during both biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Furthermore, we discuss the application of abiotic and biotic elicitors in culture systems as well as their stimulating effects on the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Specifically, we discuss the shikimate pathway and the aromatic amino acids produced in this pathway, which are the precursors of a range of secondary metabolites including terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds. We also detail how the biosynthesis of important metabolites is altered by several genes related to secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways. Genes responsible for secondary metabolite biosynthesis in various plant species during stress conditions are regulated by transcriptional factors such as WRKY, MYB, AP2/ERF, bZIP, bHLH, and NAC, which are also discussed here.

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