Comparative studies of variation in cutting conditions and cutter nomenclature on the surface morphology and the integrity of slot milled nimonic 263 alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 045035
Author(s):  
S Gowthaman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Cutting Conditions ◽  
Slot Milling ◽  
Milling Operation

Abstract Cutter nomenclature and machining conditions has invoke critical impact on the machining behavior and surface integrity of machined samples. In this investigation, the slot milling operation has been performed under various cutter terminology or nomenclature (cutter with the RRA of −7°, 0° and 7°) and cutting conditions (spindle speed, table feed and MQL flow rate) to analyze its resulting outcome on the surface morphological features such as surface roughness (Sa), skewness (S sk ) and kurtosis (S ku ), etc Because the examination of these characteristics are important and significant to analyze the behavioral changes of asperities such as decohesion, wear resistance and adhesion, etc during in its relative motion. Additionally, the plasticity index and surface morphology of machined samples are helps to predict the variation in surface morphology under various machining behavior and through this study, it is found that the interactive effect of MQL flow rate and table feed offer higher and significant impact over the surface characteristics followed by the MQL flow rate during slot milling process.

Prediction of Surface Roughness Profiles for Milling Process with Fractal Parameters Based on LS-SVM

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 1186-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Gan ◽  
Yi Jian Huang ◽  
Gui Xia Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Face Milling ◽  
Cutting Conditions ◽  
Vertical Scaling ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Fractal Function ◽  
Milling Operations ◽  
Fractal Parameters

Least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) were developed for the analysis and prediction of the relationship between the cutting conditions and the corresponding fractal parameters of machined surfaces in face milling operation. These models can help manufacturers to determine the appropriate cutting conditions, in order to achieve specific surface roughness profile geometry, and hence achieve the desired tribological performance (e.g. friction and wear) between the contacting surfaces. The input parameters of the LS-SVM are the cutting parameters: rotational speed, feed, depth of milling. The output parameters of the LS-SVM are the corresponding calculated fractal parameters: fractal dimension D and vertical scaling parameter G. The LS-SVM were utilized successfully for training and predicting the fractal parameters D and G in face milling operations. Moreover, Weierstrass-Mandelbrot（W–M ）fractal function was integrated with the LS-SVM in order to generate an artificially fractal predicted profiles at different milling conditions. The predicted profiles were found statistically similar to the actual measured profiles of test specimens and there is a relationship between the scale-independent fractal coefficients(D and G).

scholarly journals The Effects of Humidity on Cast PA6G during Turning and Milling Machining

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Bozdemir
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Cutting Conditions ◽  
Average Surface Roughness ◽  
Cutting Depth ◽  
Cnc Turning ◽  
Average Surface ◽  
Humid Environment ◽  
Cutting Rate ◽  
Progress Rate

We compared the foundry PA6G samples in several dry and humid but different storage environments by processing them under the same cutting conditions such as progress rate (100, 120, 140, and 160 mm/min), cutting rate (90, 110, and 130 m/min), and cutting depth (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 mm), in terms of formation of average surface roughness values. An improvement of 10.4% in average surface roughness was observed in the measurements performed after the milling process on the humid material and then the process was carried out under a dry condition. Degradation of about 14% in the average surface roughness was observed. The measurement was carried out after the samples were used in milling measurement which was performed on the dry PA6G material that was kept in a humid environment. An improvement of 6.4% in average surface roughness was observed. The measurements were performed after CNC machines process was applied on humid and dried PA6G material. This difference between milling and turning procedures is caused by the workpiece losing its humidity in the turning machine due to the turning effect. It was noted that the processes performed on the CNC turning stand were less affected by the humidity factor.

Study on Surface Roughness in Micro End Milling of Mold Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 594-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroo Shizuka ◽  
Koichi Okuda ◽  
Masayuki Nunobiki ◽  
Yasuhito Inada
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Cutting Conditions ◽  
Mold Material ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Milling Operations ◽  
Radial Depth ◽  
Micro End Milling ◽  
End Milling Process

The effects of cutting conditions on the surface roughness in a micro-end-milling process of a mold material are described in this paper. Micro-end-milling operations were performed under different cutting conditions such as feed rate and depth of cut, in order to investigate the factors that had the greatest influence on the finished surface during micro-end-milling. It was revealed that the surface roughness begins to deteriorate when the radial depth of the cut exceeds the tool radius. In addition, it was found that this phenomenon is peculiar to micro-end-milling processes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Bonding Strength between Various Dental Zirconia Models and Human Teeth for Dental Posts through In Vitro Aging Tests

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1017
Author(s):  
Shih-Chieh Lin ◽  
Wei-Chun Lin ◽  
Tai-Chia Hu ◽  
Min Yan ◽  
Cheng-Ming Tang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Cylindrical Body ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Human Teeth

In dentistry, root canal treatment reduces support of the tooth, making it necessary to insert a cylindrical body into the treated tooth to strengthen the crown. In the past, metal or fiberglass was often used. However, metal is too different in color from teeth, so the esthetics are poor, and fiberglass is not as strong as metal. Therefore, an alternative is zirconia, which has the characteristics of high light transmittance, esthetics, good biocompatibility, and high breaking strength. The surface morphology and composition of zirconia ceramics are the key to their bond strength with teeth. Therefore, in this study, the surface characteristics of different brands of zirconia commonly used in clinical practice were evaluated in terms of their surface morphology and surface elements. The surface was modified by sandblasting, and its effect on the bonding strength was discussed. Finally, the stability of the material was evaluated through artificial aging. The results showed that the surface roughness of the zirconia specimens increased after sandblasting, whereas the surface microhardness decreased. The shear test results showed that the 3D shape of the zirconia surface could help improve the bonding strength. The bonding strength of DeguDent increased the most after sandblasting. After 20,000 cycles of aging treatment, the shear strength of each specimen decreased. Field emission scanning electron microscopy results showed that the adhesive remained intact on the surface of zirconia, indicating that adhesion failure occurred between the adhesive and the teeth. This confirms that sandblasting can improve the bonding strength of zirconia. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the surface roughness of zirconia is the main factor affecting the bond strength.

scholarly journals The Surface Morphology of a Ti–6Al–4V Fiber-Lasered Nitride Layer

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Jinchang Guo ◽  
Yu Shi ◽  
Peibiao Geng ◽  
Gang Zhang ◽  
Ming Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Nitride Layer ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate ◽  
Laser Scanning Speed

A fiber laser was used to nitride Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy the effect of the process parameters on the surface morphology was studied. The surface chemical composition of the nitride layer and the phase of black powder on the surface were analyzed, the two-dimensional and three-dimensional surface topography of the nitride layer surface were measured, and the cross-section microstructure of the nitride layer was photographed. The effects of laser power, laser scanning speed, nozzle distance, and nitrogen flow rate on the surface morphology were studied. The experiments show that the laser power mainly affects the surface oxidation, the laser scanning speed mainly affects the surface roughness, and the nozzle distance has a great influence on the surface morphology. The gas flow rate, however, had a slight effect on the surface morphology. A large heat input and a high nitrogen flow rate caused an increase in TiN and TiO2 black powders. Surface oxidation did not affect the formation of a continuous TiN layer nor surface roughness. Finally, the critical energy density leading to increased surface roughness was calculated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of surface characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V and Tilite alloys used for implant abutments

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilena Maria Castor Xisto Lima ◽  
Wander José da Silva ◽  
Juliana Silva Moura ◽  
Fernanda Faot ◽  
Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Indentation Test ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Implant Abutments ◽  
Micro Indentation

The aim of this study was to evaluate surface free energy (SFE), surface roughness (SR) and surface hardness (SH) of two commercially available materials for fabricating dental implant abutments. In addition, the specimens were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the surface morphology. Twenty five discs (5 x 2 mm) of Ti-6Al-4V and Tilite (Ni-Cr-Ti) alloys were used in this study. Surface free energy was determined by the contact angle formed between a drop of distilled, deionized water and the surface of the specimen of each material. The surface roughness was measured with a mechanical profilometer and the surface hardness was evaluated by means of the Vickers hardness micro indentation test. SFE, SR and SH data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Statistical differences (p < 0.05) were found between Ti-6Al-4V (36.2 erg.cm-2; 0.2 µm) and Tilite (30.9 erg.cm-2; 0.16 µm) for SFE and SR. However, the differences between the surface hardness values of Ti-6Al-4V (325.0 kg/mm²) and Tilite (324.3 kg/mm²) were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Evaluations by SEM revealed different surface morphology. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that the Ti-6Al-4V and Tilite alloys showed differences in surface properties, except for surface hardness, suggesting that both alloys may be considered appropriate for producing abutments. Further studies are, however, necessary to elucidate the biological responses to implant abutments made with these alloys.

Optimization of Cutting Conditions Using Regression and Genetic Algorithm in End Milling

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Monir Koura ◽  
Ahmed Samy El-Akkad
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
General Equation ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Cutting Conditions ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Optimal Surface ◽  
The Cost ◽  
High Degree

End milling is a key machining operation in industrial world, particularly in manufacturing of dies and similar products. Although, such products require high degree of surface roughness, milling operation is taken to be the enough for the cost wise if considering further finishing operations. Thus optimizing the cutting conditions to achieve the optimal surface roughness is becoming a vital issue. Several authors tackled this problem. In this paper the same case is investigated but with an advanced algorithm using regression and genetic methodology. The results obtained which ended by deducing a general equation combining the effect of various parameters on surface roughness highlighted the factors involved in achieving the surface roughness and proved to be good tool to predict the optimal cutting conditions.

Dynamic Simulation and Cutting Conditions Optimization of Tee Slot Milling Based on CutPro Software

2009 ◽  
Vol 407-408 ◽  
pp. 589-593
Author(s):  
Zhong Qun Li
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Target Function ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Cutting Conditions ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Slot Milling ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Limits

. Based on the dynamic simulation module of CutPro, the dynamic cutting forces and chatter limits for tee slot milling were predicated by setting the geometry of a tee slotting cutter. The chatter stability lobes under a given axial depth of cut are obtained by further programming, which is essential for chatter-free tee slot milling. A methodology of cutting conditions optimization for tee slot milling is presented, in which the minimal cutting time is used as the target function and the stability limits are introduced into the constraint conditions to reflect the vibration characteristics of milling operation. This optimization method has been validated by experimental tests.

FRACTAL ASPECTS OF MISCIBLE DISPLACEMENT IN ROUGH FRACTURES: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH

Fractals ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 1540005 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KORFANTA ◽  
T. BABADAGLI ◽  
K. DEVELI
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Miscible Displacement ◽  
Fluid Distribution ◽  
Single Fracture ◽  
Triangular Prism ◽  
Power Spectral

Experiments were performed to study the effect of fracture surface roughness on fluid distribution during miscible displacement. The transparent replicas of single fractures obtained from seven different rocks were prepared and the surface roughness of each sample was described by fractal dimensions using the variogram, power spectral, and triangular prism (TP) techniques. Then, the effect of flow rate and viscosity on the geometry of the displacement front during miscible radial injection was investigated experimentally. The fractal dimensions of the fronts were obtained using box counting fractal analysis at different time lapses. The fractal values of invasion front varied from lithology to lithology, due to different surface roughnesses controlled by the lithology of the rocks. Although fluctuations of fractal values were observed during the growth of the front, fractal dimensions typically yielded an increasing trend. Fractal dimension became more stable with increasing flow rate and developed modestly with increasing viscosity. Finally, relationships between the fractal dimensions of displacement fronts and fracture surfaces were quantitatively analyzed and correlated in order to improve the prediction of fluid distribution within a single fracture during miscible displacement. Overall, correlations were observed between the surface characteristics and front fractal dimension values with some exceptions. In summary, to determine the probable distribution of miscible fluid and development of the front, all parameters except power spectral density (PSD) fractal dimension can be applied in the case of high viscosity ratios. In the case of low injection rates, TP could be applicable. No fractal behavior was present at extreme injection and low viscosity ratios, thus no correlation can be determined for the miscible displacement.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document