scholarly journals Characterization of bioplastics produced by haloarchaeon Haloarcula sp strain NRS20 using cost-effective carbon sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 105404
Author(s):  
Nashwa Hagagy ◽  
Amna A N Saddiq ◽  
Hend M Tag ◽  
Hamada Abdelgawad ◽  
Samy Selim
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hypersaline Environment ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Phb Production ◽  
Considerable Concentration

Abstract As good models for developing techniques, Haloarchaea are using as cell factories to produce a considerable concentration of bioplastics, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV). In this study, low-cost carbon sources by Sudan Black staining was applied for screening haloarchaea a hypersaline environment (southern coast of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia). The growth of the selected isolate and PHB-production under different carbon sources, temperature, pH values and NaCl concentrations were investigated. The biopolymer was extracted and quantitatively measured. The biopolymer was qualitatively identified by Fourier-transform infra-red analysis (FTIR) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The potential Haloarcula sp strain NRS20 (MZ520352) could significantly accumulate PHB under nutrient-limiting conditions using different carbon sources including starch, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), sucrose, glucose and glycerol with 23.83%, 14%, 11%, 12% and 8% of PHB/CDW respectively under 25% NaCl (w/v), pH 7, at 37 °C. The results of FTIR pattern indicated that the significant peak at 1709.22 cm−1 confirmed the presence of the ester carbonyl-group (C=O) which is typical of PHB. HPLC analysis indicated that produced PHB was detected at 7.5 min with intensity exceeding the standard PHB at 8.0 min. Few potential species of haloarchaea were reported for economical PHB-production, here, Haloarcula sp strain NRS20 showed high content of PHB, exhibited a promising PHB-producer using inexpensive sources of carbon.

scholarly journals Expanding the toolbox for Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803: validation of replicative vectors and characterization of a novel set of promoters

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice A Ferreira ◽  
Catarina C Pacheco ◽  
Filipe Pinto ◽  
José Pereira ◽  
Pedro Lamosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Metabolic Plasticity ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Synechocystis Sp ◽  
Pcc 6803

Abstract Cyanobacteria are promising ‘low-cost’ cell factories since they have minimal nutritional requirements, high metabolic plasticity and can use sunlight and CO2 as energy and carbon sources. The unicellular Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, already considered the ‘green’ Escherichia coli, is the best studied cyanobacterium but to be used as an efficient and robust photoautotrophic chassis it requires a customized and well-characterized toolbox. In this context, we evaluated the possibility of using three self-replicative vectors from the Standard European Vector Architecture (SEVA) repository to transform Synechocystis. Our results demonstrated that the presence of the plasmid does not lead to an evident phenotype or hindered Synechocystis growth, being the vast majority of the cells able to retain the replicative plasmid even in the absence of selective pressure. In addition, a set of heterologous and redesigned promoters were characterized exhibiting a wide range of activities compared to the reference PrnpB, three of which could be efficiently repressed. As a proof-of-concept, from the expanded toolbox, one promoter was selected and assembled with the ggpS gene [encoding one of the proteins involved in the synthesis of the native compatible solute glucosylglycerol (GG)] and the synthetic device was introduced into Synechocystis using one of the SEVA plasmids. The presence of this device restored the production of the GG in a ggpS deficient mutant validating the functionality of the tools/device developed in this study.

Azo (Hydrazone) pigments: general principles

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Christie
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Metal Salt ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
General Chemical ◽  
Physical Form

Abstract This paper presents an overview of the general chemical principles underlying the structures, synthesis and technical performance of azo pigments, the dominant chemical class of industrial organic pigments in the yellow, orange, and red shade areas, both numerically and in terms of tonnage manufactured. A description of the most significant historical features in this group of pigments is provided, starting from the discovery of the chemistry on which azo colorants are based by Griess in the mid-nineteenth century, through the commercial introduction of the most important classical azo pigments in the early twentieth century, including products known as the Hansa Yellows, β-naphthol reds, including metal salt pigments, and the diarylide yellows and oranges, to the development in the 1950s and 1960s of two classes of azo pigments that exhibit high performance, disazo condensation pigments and benzimidazolone-based azo pigments. A feature that complicates the description of the chemical structures of azo pigments is that they exist in the solid state as the ketohydrazone rather than the hydroxyazo form, in which they have been traditionally been illustrated. Numerous structural studies conducted over the years on an extensive range of azo pigments have demonstrated this feature. In this text, they are referred to throughout as azo (hydrazone) pigments. Since a common synthetic procedure is used in the manufacture of virtually all azo (hydrazone) pigments, this is discussed in some detail, including practical aspects. The procedure brings together two organic components as the fundamental starting materials, a diazo component and a coupling component. An important reason for the dominance of azo (hydrazone) pigments is that they are highly cost-effective. The syntheses generally involve low cost, commodity organic starting materials and are carried out in water as the reaction solvent, which offers obvious economic and environmental advantages. The versatility of the approach means that an immense number of products may be prepared, so that they have been adapted structurally to meet the requirements of many applications. On an industrial scale, the processes are straightforward, making use of simple, multi-purpose chemical plant. Azo pigments may be produced in virtually quantitative yields and the processes are carried out at or below ambient temperatures, thus presenting low energy requirements. Finally, provided that careful control of the reaction conditions is maintained, azo pigments may be prepared directly by an aqueous precipitation process that can optimise physical form, with control of particle size distribution, crystalline structure, and surface character. The applications of azo pigments are outlined, with more detail reserved for subsequent papers on individual products.

scholarly journals Ultralow-temperature-driven water-based sorption refrigeration enabled by low-cost zeolite-like porous aluminophosphate

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangli Liu ◽  
Jiaxing Xu ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
Caifeng Huang ◽  
Ruzhu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Water ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Water Based

AbstractThermally driven water-based sorption refrigeration is considered a promising strategy to realize near-zero-carbon cooling applications by addressing the urgent global climate challenge caused by conventional chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) refrigerants. However, developing cost-effective and high-performance water-sorption porous materials driven by low-temperature thermal energy is still a significant challenge. Here, we propose a zeolite-like aluminophosphate with SFO topology (EMM-8) for water-sorption-driven refrigeration. The EMM-8 is characterized by 12-membered ring channels with large accessible pore volume and exhibits high water uptake of 0.28 g·g−1 at P/P0 = 0.2, low-temperature regeneration of 65 °C, fast adsorption kinetics, remarkable hydrothermal stability, and scalable fabrication. Importantly, the water-sorption-based chiller with EMM-8 shows the potential of achieving a record coefficient of performance (COP) of 0.85 at an ultralow-driven temperature of 63 °C. The working performance makes EMM-8 a practical alternative to realize high-efficient ultra-low-temperature-driven refrigeration.

scholarly journals Towards High Performance Chemical Vapour Deposition V2O5 Cathodes for Batteries Employing Aqueous Media

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5558
Author(s):  
Dimitra Vernardou ◽  
Charalampos Drosos ◽  
Andreas Kafizas ◽  
Martyn E. Pemble ◽  
Emmanouel Koudoumas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Environmentally Safe

The need for clean and efficient energy storage has become the center of attention due to the eminent global energy crisis and growing ecological concerns. A key component in this effort is the ultra-high performance battery, which will play a major role in the energy industry. To meet the demands in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and large-scale energy storage systems, it is necessary to prepare advanced batteries with high safety, fast charge ratios, and discharge capabilities at a low cost. Cathode materials play a significant role in determining the performance of batteries. Among the possible electrode materials is vanadium pentoxide, which will be discussed in this review, due to its low cost and high theoretical capacity. Additionally, aqueous electrolytes, which are environmentally safe, provide an alternative approach compared to organic media for safe, cost-effective, and scalable energy storage. In this review, we will reveal the industrial potential of competitive methods to grow cathodes with excellent stability and enhanced electrochemical performance in aqueous media and lay the foundation for the large-scale production of electrode materials.

Development of New Low Cost Discontinuously Reinforced Titanium Composites for Commercial Applications

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 763-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. García de Cortázar ◽  
Javier Goñi ◽  
J. Coleto ◽  
I. Agote ◽  
P. Egizabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
Commercial Applications

A new cost effective process to produce discontinuously reinforced (TiB) TMCs has been developed. The article presents general features of the composites, microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties. The production and characterization of two potential commercial applications are also discussed.

scholarly journals III–V Nanowires: Synthesis, Property Manipulations, and Device Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Fang ◽  
Ning Han ◽  
Fengyun Wang ◽  
Zai-xing Yang ◽  
SenPo Yip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Device Applications ◽  
Property Control

III–V semiconductor nanowire (NW) materials possess a combination of fascinating properties, including their tunable direct bandgap, high carrier mobility, excellent mechanical flexibility, and extraordinarily large surface-to-volume ratio, making them superior candidates for next generation electronics, photonics, and sensors, even possibly on flexible substrates. Understanding the synthesis, property manipulation, and device integration of these III–V NW materials is therefore crucial for their practical implementations. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent development in III–V NWs with the focus on their cost-effective synthesis, corresponding property control, and the relevant low-operating-power device applications. We will first introduce the synthesis methods and growth mechanisms of III–V NWs, emphasizing the low-cost solid-source chemical vapor deposition (SSCVD) technique, and then discuss the physical properties of III–V NWs with special attention on their dependences on several typical factors including the choice of catalysts, NW diameters, surface roughness, and surface decorations. After that, we present several different examples in the area of high-performance photovoltaics and low-power electronic circuit prototypes to further demonstrate the potential applications of these NW materials. Towards the end, we also make some remarks on the progress made and challenges remaining in the III–V NW research field.

Preparation and Characterization of Lithium Orthosilicate Ceramic Pebbles by Melt Spraying Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 818-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Wen Zhai ◽  
Jin Hu ◽  
Xiao Qin Zhu ◽  
Kai Jun Wang ◽  
Wei Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Test Methodology ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lithium Orthosilicate ◽  
Spraying Method

This paper studied the experimental procedures,, test equipment and test methodology of the melt spraying method. Meanwhile, according to performance index of lithium orthosilicate (Li4SiO4) ceramic pebbles to optimize the melt spraying method. Test analysis of the diameter of orthosilicate pebbles, degree of spheroid of orthosilicate pebbles, surface topography of orthosilicate pebbles, metallographic structure of orthosilicate pebbles, section morphology, crushing strength and phase composition. Results in this work indicate that the lithium orthosilicate (Li4SiO4) ceramic pebbles with a flat or even surface，porous internals, diameter of orthosilicate pebbles between 0.9~1.1mm,density of orthosilicate pebbles more than 90%T.D., the mean crushing strength is 25N, the degree of roundness is 1.027 can be obtained by the optimized melt spraying method. The optimization process provides a basis for obtaining the low cost and high performance of the lithium orthosilicate (Li4SiO4) ceramic pebbles.

scholarly journals Exploiting the Sequence of Naturally Occurring Elastin: Construction, Production and Characterization of a Recombinant Thermoplastic Protein-Based Polymer

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 133-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Machado ◽  
A.J. Ribeiro ◽  
J. Padrão ◽  
D. Silva ◽  
A. Nobre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Molecular Weight Polymer ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Thermoplastic Protein ◽  
Optimization Of Fermentation ◽  
Absolute Control

Genetic engineering was used to produce an elastin-like polymer (ELP) with precise amino acid composition, sequence and length, resulting in the absolute control of MW and stereochemistry. A synthetic monomer DNA sequence encoding for (VPAVG)20, was used to build a library of concatemer genes with precise control on sequence and size. The higher molecular weight polymer with 220 repeats of VPAVG was biologically produced in Escherichia coli and purified by hot and cold centrifugation cycles, based on the reversible inverse temperature transition property of ELPs. The use of low cost carbon sources like lactose and glycerol for bacteria cells culture media was explored using Central Composite Design approach allowing optimization of fermentation conditions. Due to its self-assembling behaviour near 33 °C stable spherical microparticles with a size ~ 1µm were obtained, redissolving when a strong undercooling is achieved. The polymer produced showed hysteresis behaviour with thermal absorbing/releasing components depending on the salt concentration of the polymer solution.

Approaches to the Design and Processing of Novel Titanium Alloys

2007 ◽  
Vol 29-30 ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Colleen J. Bettles ◽  
Rimma Lapovok ◽  
H.P. Ng ◽  
Dacian Tomus ◽  
Barry C. Muddle
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Powder Processing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Shape Processing ◽  
New Processing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Processing Techniques

The range of commercial titanium alloys available is currently extremely restricted, with one alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), and derivatives of it, accounting for a very large proportion of all applications. High performance alloys are costly to fabricate and limited to low-volume applications that can sustain the cost. With the emergence of new processing technologies that promise to reduce significantly the cost of production of titanium metal, especially in powder form, there is an emerging imperative for cost-effective near net shape powder processing techniques to permit the benefit of reduced metal cost to be passed on to higher-volume applications. Equally, there is a need for the design and development of new alloys that are intrinsically low-cost and lend themselves to fabrication by novel cost-effective net shape processing. The approaches that might be used to select, design and process both conventional alloys and novel alloy systems will be reviewed, with a focus on innovation in design of low-cost alloys amenable to new processing paths and increasingly tolerant of variability in composition.

FPGA-Based Test Equipment for System-Level MEMS Switch Series

2015 ◽  
Vol 645-646 ◽  
pp. 572-576
Author(s):  
Peng Liu ◽  
Wen Zhong Lou ◽  
Yu Fei Lu ◽  
Xin Yu Feng
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Test Equipment ◽  
System Level ◽  
Mems Switch ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
Embedded Algorithms ◽  
Equipment System

A high-performance, low-cost test equipment system for characterization of MEMS switch is to be proposed in this paper, and the purpose is set to master the fundament of the embedded algorithms of the wafer and system production testing. The team has implemented the real-time analysis for MEMS switch, proving the feasibility of the design, based on the original data collected during the dedicated tests, applying the microsystem hardware designed and assembled by the research team, as well as the embedded software. At the end, the framework of the system platform in the future is described.

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