The Antecedents and Outcomes of Heteronormativity in Organizations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Government Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Despite the term being coined in the early 1990s, heteronormativity is a longstanding and enduring hierarchical social system that identifies heterosexuality as the standard sexuality and normalizes gender-specific behaviors and roles for men, women, and transgender and non-binary individuals. As a system, it defines and enforces beliefs and practices about what is ‘normal’ in everyday life. Although there are many factors that shape heteronormative beliefs and attitudes, religion, the government, education, and workplaces are the principal macro-level factors that normalize and institutionalize heteronormative beliefs and attitudes. These institutions contribute an outsize influence on the perpetuation of heteronormativity in society because these institutions create and inculcate the norms and standards of what are and are not acceptable values, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors in our society. As such, in order to create effective interventions to eliminate the negative outcomes of heteronormativity, particular attention should be paid to each of these institutions. Parents, relatives, and other adults contribute to the normalization and institutionalization of heteronormativity at the individual- or micro-level. Although some people benefit from the system of heteronormativity (mainly heterosexual cisgender conforming men), much of the research on heteronormativity focuses on the negative outcomes. Heteronormativity is responsible for a host of pernicious outcomes such as lower self-esteem, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment, and greater rates of suicide ideation, verbal and physical abuse, and workplace mistreatment and discrimination. Future research should investigate identify effective micro- and macro-level interventions that could mitigate or eliminate the negative effects of heteronormativity.

Cultivating Resilience During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Socioecological Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Shujuan Yang ◽  
Peng Jia
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Interdisciplinary Framework ◽  
The Individual

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses wide-ranging impacts on the physical and mental health of people around the world, increasing attention from both researchers and practitioners on the topic of resilience. In this article, we review previous research on resilience from the past several decades, focusing on how to cultivate resilience during emerging situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic at the individual, organizational, community, and national levels from a socioecological perspective. Although previous research has greatly enriched our understanding of the conceptualization, predicting factors, processes, and consequences of resilience from a variety of disciplines and levels, future research is needed to gain a deeper and comprehensive understanding of resilience, including developing an integrative and interdisciplinary framework for cultivating resilience, developing an understanding of resilience from a life span perspective, and developing scalable and cost-effective interventions for enhancing resilience and improving pandemic preparedness. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Taking Levels of Analysis in Humor more Seriously: Comment on Romero and Arendt

2012 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Sosik
Keyword(s):  
Operational Definition ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Humor Styles ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Team Cooperation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Analysis

Humor is a phenomenon that can simultaneously coexist at the individual, dyadic, and group levels, making its measurement and conceptualization complex. In a recent field study, Romero and Arendt (2011) examined relationships between four humor styles (i.e., affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, self-defeating) and four outcomes (i.e., stress, satisfaction with co-workers, team cooperation, organizational commitment), however, the latter was apparently measured as a self-report at the individual level of analysis. Their interesting results indicated different humor styles can have either positive or negative effects on these outcome variables. However, if their operational definition—and hence their conceptualization—of humor is based on self-report by the initiator, it may be problematic to use it at the dyadic and group levels because it potentially mixes levels of analysis and may cause misalignment between data and theory. Cautions and implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Sexuality perceptions of people with schizophrenia: preliminary results in a portuguese sample

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1438-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Marques ◽  
T. Santos ◽  
C. Queiros
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Emotional Intimacy ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

IntroductionSexuality is an important dimension of life. To promote the well-being and quality of life of people with Schizophrenia, they must experience their sexuality in healthy ways. However, the lack of studies about this topic makes difficult to develop interventions in this area.AimsUnderstand the knowledge, beliefs and attitudes related with sexuality of schizophrenic individuals.MethodsData were collected using a questionnaire intentionally prepared for this study, with questions related to biologic, emotional and social dimensions of sexuality, evaluating: knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about sexuality; sexual activity; emotional intimacy, friendship and social life. The sample was composed by 35 individuals with Schizophrenia: 83% male and 17% female; mean age 41 years.ResultsThe data revealed that 86% of the sample is single and only 6% have an affective relationship. They have difficulties to have friends, to have a satisfactory social life, and only 20% have a job. Despite the correct knowledge about sexuality, they reveal difficulties in fulfilling emotional or intimate relationships, they feel lonely and unsatisfied about their sexual life. They also feel negative effects of anti-psychotic drugs, often neglected by health professionals, views as non-preoccupied with the quality of the sexual life of the patients.ConclusionsThe sample valorized being asked about their sexuality, revealing that this topic is forgot by the professionals. It seems necessary to develop interventions regarding the sexuality of those individuals. Our future research is to ameliorate the questionnaire, preparing it to be useful when professionals discuss sexuality with schizophrenic individuals.

scholarly journals Air delay propagation patterns in Europe from 2015 to 2018: an information processing perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisina Pastorino ◽  
Massimiliano Zanin
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Delay Propagation ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

Abstract The characterisation of delay propagation is one of the major topics of research in air transport management, due to its negative effects on the cost-efficiency, safety and environmental impact of this transportation mode. While most research works have naturally framed it as a transportation process, the successful application of network theory in neuroscience suggests a complementary approach, based on describing delay propagation as a form of information processing. This allows reconstructing propagation patterns from the dynamics of the individual elements, i.e. from the evolution observed at individual airports, without the need of additional a priori information. We here apply this framework to the analysis of delay propagation in the European airspace between 2015 and 2018, describe the evolution of the observed structure, and identify the role of individual airports in it. We further use this analysis to illustrate the limitations and challenges associated to this approach, and to sketch a roadmap of future research in this evolving topic.

IMEMO in Early 1990s

2015 ◽  
pp. 91-107
Author(s):  
P. Cherkasov
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Academic Council ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual

The article analyzes IMEMO activities in 1992, when Russia began to implement radical economic reforms. The rapid development of events outpaced their deep understanding, let alone the forecasting of socio-economic consequences of a "shocking therapy". During this period, IMEMO experts tried to analyze the implementation of economic reforms and formulate their attitude towards them. The main platform for discussions held at the Institute was its Academic Council where the most important reforms of the "Gaidar team" were discussed. The individual members of this team – Petr Aven, Sergei Glaz'ev, Maksim Boiko – gave explanations, and assessments of economic reforms – support and rejection – were revealed during discussions at the meetings of the Academic Council. In general, the approval of reforms prevailed in the expert community of IMEMO. But even the supporters of Egor Gaidar among IMEMO economists saw their serious shortcomings and negative effects: hasty, unfounded hopes for self-regulating market; neglect of social factors; surge of corruption during the privatization and corporatization of state property; continuing inflation, which contradicted the adopted principle of monetarism; underestimation of the state participation in the process of reforming the economy, etc. The interaction between IMEMO reformers and the government was a serious problem. Scientists criticized the government for neglecting their recommendations, and officials argued that academic science is constantly late with its recommendations and advice. The question of the IMEMO experts' direct involvement in the work of individual ministries – Economy and Finance, Foreign Economic Relations and other – was only partially solved through the secondment of some Institute employees to these ministries. In general, the problem of closer cooperation between science and practice was not successfully solved. Acknowledgement. The publication was prepared as part of the President of the Russian Federation grant to support the leading scientific schools, NSh-6452-2014.6.

Panel report: the dark side of the digitization of the individual

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofir Turel ◽  
Christian Matt ◽  
Manuel Trenz ◽  
Christy M.K. Cheung ◽  
John D’Arcy* ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Alphabetical Order ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Phenomena

Purpose Digital technologies have diffused into many personal life domains. This has created many new phenomena that require systematic theorizing, testing and understanding. Such phenomena have been studied under the Digitization of the Individual (DOTI) umbrella and have been discussed in the DOTI pre-International Conference on Information Systems workshop for the last three years (from 2015 to 2017). While prior years have focused on a variety of issues, this year (2018) we decided to put special emphasis on negative effects of the DOTI, i.e., “the dark side” of the DOTI. Design/methodology/approach This manuscript reports on a panel of three experts (in alphabetical order: John D’Arcy, Hamed Qahri-Saremi and Monideepa Tarafdar) who presented their past research in this domain, as well as their outlook for future research and methodologies in research on the DOTI. Findings The authors introduce the topic, chronicle the responses of the panelists to the questions the authors posed, and summarize and discuss their response, such that readers can develop a good idea regarding next steps in research on the dark side of the DOTI. Originality/value The authors introduce the topic of the dark sides of DOTI and point readers to promising research directions and methodologies for further exploring this relatively uncharted field of research.

scholarly journals ‘A Safe Place Where I Am Welcome to Unwind When I Choose to’—Experiences of Brief Admission by Self-Referral for Adolescents Who Self-Harm at Risk for Suicide: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Rose-Marie Lindkvist ◽  
Sofie Westling ◽  
Sophia Eberhard ◽  
Björn Axel Johansson ◽  
Olof Rask ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Safe Place ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Individual

Evidence is lacking on how to manage imminent suicidality in adolescents with self-harm. Brief Admission by Self-referral (BA) is a crisis-management intervention, developed for adults with self-harm at risk for suicide. Structured, individualized and based on responsible autonomy, BA aims to provide a respite while minimizing negative effects of hospitalization. This qualitative interview study illuminates adolescents’ experiences of BA, adapted for this target group. Nineteen adolescents aged 14 to 19 years, described BA as helpful for timely rest and recovery to save themselves from impulses to self-harm. The individual contract, which is a prerequisite for access to BA, was perceived to give access to professional support in a safe environment, also among adolescents not using their contract. Being trusted with responsibility to self-admit was also hard work with struggles of self-doubt. Challenges included experiencing distrust from staff and fear of not being able to abstain from self-harm, which BA is conditioned upon. However, this condition was also perceived to induce self-motivation and growth. BA appeared well-adapted to the target group, fulfilling needs of predictability, autonomy, and opportunity for recovery to prevent self-harm. Suggestions for improvement included continually informing staff about important features of BA. To further evaluate benefits and challenges of BA, future research may evaluate clinical and health-economic outcomes and perspectives from parents and caregivers.

Applications of blockchain in government education sector: a comprehensive review and future research potentials

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Dash ◽  
Gayatri Panda ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Sunil Luthra
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Government Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
Highly Cited

Purpose With the time and increase in usage of information technology (IT), blockchain technology is gaining immense attention from researchers, academicians, and practitioners because of its distinctive features such as transference, security and data reliability. The purpose of this study is to endow with a systematic review of literature on blockchain in context to the government education sector in terms of its usage, benefits, obstacles and practical implementation in future areas in education. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted a bibliometric visualization tool to classify data in yearly publications, highly cited journals, prominent authors, leading publications in countries and institutions and highly cited papers – the data was extracted from the SCOPUS database by using relevant keywords. Thus, the following research questions were developed: How has blockchain technology been used in the government educational sector? What are the benefits examined in the field of education? What were the problems/obstacles faced using the technology in a government education structure? Findings The findings identify and provide a comprehensive review of the technique regarding the present research stream in terms of highest publication, author, journal, subject-wise and relevance of the technology in government education structure. Thus, the future research potential of the technology in the education sector is much more as it is in the initiation stage. A lot of opportunities and benefits need to be extracted at large. Research limitations/implications The present findings of the study provide a base work for government education institutions, policy developers and researchers to investigate other areas where the technology can be implemented. Finally, more technology applications will develop strategies for proper data management and cost-effective decisions. Originality/value This study explains the relevance of technology in education through bibliometric visualization. The study adopted the review and significance of blockchain technology in the government education sector by identifying its benefits, current scenario, application and future research potential areas.

Development of a German-Language Questionnaire to Measure Collective Orientation as an Individual Attitude

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
German Language ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Collective Orientation ◽  
Team Research ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual

Abstract. The individual attitudes of every single team member are important for team performance. Studies show that each team member’s collective orientation – that is, propensity to work in a collective manner in team settings – enhances the team’s interdependent teamwork. In the German-speaking countries, there was previously no instrument to measure collective orientation. So, I developed and validated a German-language instrument to measure collective orientation. In three studies (N = 1028), I tested the validity of the instrument in terms of its internal structure and relationships with other variables. The results confirm the reliability and validity of the instrument. The instrument also predicts team performance in terms of interdependent teamwork. I discuss differences in established individual variables in team research and the role of collective orientation in teams. In future research, the instrument can be applied to diagnose teamwork deficiencies and evaluate interventions for developing team members’ collective orientation.

Symptoms of Alcohol Dependence Predict Suicide Ideation Among Alaskan Undergraduates

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Monica C. Skewes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Abstract. Background: Previous research has demonstrated an association between alcohol-related problems and suicidal ideation (SI). Aims: The present study evaluated, simultaneously, alcohol consequences and symptoms of alcohol dependence as predictors of SI after adjusting for depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption. Method: A sample of 298 Alaskan undergraduates completed survey measures, including the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory – II. The association between alcohol problems and SI status was evaluated using sequential logistic regression. Results: Symptoms of alcohol dependence (OR = 1.88, p < .05), but not alcohol-related consequences (OR = 1.01, p = .95), emerged as an independent predictor of SI status above and beyond depressive symptoms (OR = 2.39, p < .001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.08, p = .39). Conclusion: Alcohol dependence symptoms represented a unique risk for SI relative to alcohol-related consequences and alcohol consumption. Future research should examine the causal mechanism behind the relationship between alcohol dependence and suicidality among university students. Assessing the presence of dependence symptoms may improve the accuracy of identifying students at risk of SI.

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