The Onomasiological Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Fernández-Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Functional Perspective ◽  
Semantic Component ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Prague School ◽  
Morphological Research ◽  
Subordinate Role ◽  
Linguistic Material

The onomasiological approach is a theoretical framework that emphasizes the cognitive-semantic component of language and the primacy of extra-linguistic reality in the process of naming. With a tangible background in the functional perspective of the Prague School of Linguistics, this approach believes that name giving is essentially governed by the needs of language users, and hence assigns a subordinate role to the traditional levels of linguistic description. This stance characterizes the onomasiological framework in opposition to other theories of language, especially generativism, which first tackle the form of linguistic material and then move on to meaning. The late 20th and early 21st centuries have witnessed the emergence of several cognitive-onomasiological models, all of which share an extensive use of semantic categories as working units and a particular interest in the area of word-formation. Despite a number of divergences, such proposals all confront mainstream morphological research by heavily revising conventional concepts and introducing model-specific terminology regarding, for instance, the independent character of the lexicon, the (non-)regularity of word-formation processes, or their understanding of morphological productivity. The models adhering to such a view of language have earned a pivotal position as an alternative to dominant theories of word-formation.

His Lordship's -ship and the King of Golfdom. Against a purely functional analysis of suffixhood

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Baeskow
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Semantic Information ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Distributed Morphology ◽  
Word Class ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Functional Elements ◽  
Grammatical Morphemes ◽  
Independent Model

For many decades there has been a consensus among linguists of various schools that derivational suffixes function not only to determine the word-class of the complex expressions they form, but also convey semantic information. The aspect of suffix-inherent meaning is ignored by representatives of a relatively new theoretical direction – Neo-Construction Grammar – who consider derivational suffixes to be either purely functional elements of the grammar or meaningless phonological realizations of abstract grammatical morphemes. The latter view is maintained by adherents of Distributed Morphology, who at the same time emphasize the importance of conceptual knowledge for derivational processes without attempting to define this aspect. The purpose of this study is first of all to provide support for the long-standing assumption that suffixes are inherently meaningful. The focus of interest is on the suffixes -ship, -dom and -hood. Data from Old English and Modern English (including neologisms) will show that these suffixes have developed rich arrays of meaning which cannot be structurally derived. Moreover, since conceptual knowledge is indeed an important factor for word-formation processes, a concrete, theory-independent model for the representation of the synchronically observable meaning components associated with -ship, -dom and -hood will be proposed.

Translanguaging sequel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Sato
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Language Classrooms ◽  
Political Dispute ◽  
Japanese Translation

Abstract The paper examines the products of interlingual and intralingual translanguaging and qualitatively analyzes three origin-based lexical varieties in Japanese, wago (native Japanese words), kango (Sino-Japanese words), and gairaigo (foreign loanwords other than kango) in terms of how they have been complementing, competing against, or being in conflict with each other, how they engage word-formation processes as deep as morpheme-levels, and how they are perceived and manipulated by language users, including translators. This study shows that translanguaging has been practiced recursively and multi-directionally over a long period of time, yielding the phenomenon ‘translanguaging sequel’. The qualitative study of a Japanese translation of a Korean poem reveals a translator’s ideology-driven translanguaging practice that crosses not only interlingual but also intralingual boundaries, causing an international socio-political dispute. This study supports the view that translanguaging has been shaping and reshaping the norms of languages and language use. It also suggests the benefits of analyzing the products and traces of translanguaging in translated texts as well as the process of translanguaging during translation activities that can be promoted and implemented in language classrooms.

Teaching Turkic-speaking school students the morphemic structure of the word in the Russian language classes: ethno-cognitive approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Elena A. Zheleznyakova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Word Structure ◽  
Language Classes ◽  
Turkic Languages ◽  
Group Words ◽  
Linguistic Material

In a modern Russian school, together with Russian-speaking school students, children of migrants study, for most of whom are native Turkic languages. For foreigners, traditional lessons should be supplemented with corrective lessons in Russian as a non-native language, the effectiveness of which will be high provided that an ethno-cognitive approach to teaching is followed. Learning the morphemic structure of a word based on an ethno-cognitive approach is the subject of this study. The aim is to develop methodic recommendations based on the analysis of the features of the morphemic structure of Turkic words, to identify possible difficulties in mastering the morphemic structure of the Russian word by Turkic-speaking students, and to highlight methods and techniques based on the principles of consciousness and the development of students’ cognitive abilities. Two main difficulties in the field of the morphemic word structure for foreign children are highlighted: Russian inflection and morphological ways of word formation: prefix and prefix-suffix. When working with these topics, the teacher should develop students’ ability to think analytically, comparing and identifying the essential features of a linguistic phenomenon, make assumptions and find confirmation for them. Mastering inflection will be more effective if you group words thematically, work according to ready-made patterns and models of inflection, increase the number of tasks “for substitution” and “for replacement”. The following stages of work on concepts are substantiated: analysis of linguistic material and highlighting the main fea-tures of a concept; generalization of signs, establishing a connection between them and introducing the desired term; concretization of concepts based on new linguistic material.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF SLANG WORDS FORMATION FOUND IN THE LYRICS OF DRAKE’S SONGS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.P.A. Bhuwana ◽  
I.G. Budasi ◽  
G. Mahendrayana
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Qualitative Data Analysis ◽  
Music Film ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The development of music, film, and other industry of entertainment is stated to contribute to the existence of slang words. There are so many slang words that become popular after they are included in the lyrics of songs. One of them is YOLO (You Only Live Once) which is popularized by Drake. In relation to that, this descriptive qualitative research attempts to find out the types and word formation processes of slang words found in the lyrics of Drake’s songs. By taking the model of document analysis by Bowen (2009) and Qualitative data analysis by Miles and Hubberman (1994), it is found out that there are 190 slang words existing in the lyrics of Drake’s songs. They are respectively categorized into Clipping type (62 slangs), Fresh and Creative type (44 slangs), Compounding type (44 slangs), Imitative type (36 slangs), and Acronym type (4 slangs).

scholarly journals Word-Formation Process on COVID-19 Related Terms as Japanese Language Variation

IZUMI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-315
Author(s):  
Nadya Inda Syartanti
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Disease Information ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Observation Method

This research aims to identify the types of vocabulary in Japanese, to explore the word-formation process, and to analyse the function of COVID-19 related terms conveyed by various content creators on YouTube channels, from Japan and Indonesia. The seven YouTube channel accounts are Aki no Sora (Indonesia), po.n.go_id or Pocket Nihongo (Indonesia), Sakura Pinku (Indonesia), Wagomu (Indonesia), Omoshiroi Nihongo (Japan), Japanese Ammo with Misa (Japan), and Coto Academy (Japan that used as the data source. Data were collected using the observation method and analysed by the distribution method. The results showed that the COVID-19 related terms are dominated by the type of vocabulary kango as the form or type of vocabulary that is most widely used in matching the COVID-19 related term. Among all word-formation processes, the COVID-19 terms in Japanese identified as borrowing, compounding, and multiple processes. However, the multiple word-formation processes are dominated on COVID-19 terms in Japanese. It related to the domination of the type of kango used. From that, there are multiple functions that are included in COVID-19 terms in Japanese, namely disease information, preventive action, symptom, and announcement. Therefore, this research can be contributed to data analysis, which used morphological analysis in Japanese terms.

scholarly journals English Slang: a word-formation perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Lucia Gallová ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Standard English ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Individual Word ◽  
The Individual

This paper examines the word-formation processes which are used in English slang. It does so by presenting the word-formation analysis of a sample of words selected from the online Urban Dictionary (UD). The words under investigation come from three semantic groups from the UD, specifically COLLEGE, DRUGS and FOOD. The focus is also on the comparison of the use of word-formation processes in this sample of slang words and in Standard English. The results propose an overview of the individual word-formation processes occurring in the sample. They also suggest that, to some extent, in this sample, slang uses word-formation processes in the same way as Standard English, however, in certain cases it diverges from the language’s traditional use.

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