Comparison of Energy Intake Determined by a Natural Spoken Language Application with 24-h Recall

Abstract Objectives Self-monitoring daily dietary intake is recommended for weight loss and weight loss maintenance. However, current online platforms and applications are often burdensome, which may limit use. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the accuracy of a new application designed to self-monitor dietary intake using natural spoken language (COCO; The Conversational Calorie Counter). Methods A total of 35 participants were enrolled in this pilot study. Participants were asked to record daily dietary intake using the COCO application for a period of at least five days. Two 24-hour dietary recalls were conducted during this time, between day three and day five, and served as the reference method for evaluating total energy intake (TEI; measured in kcal). Mean two-day energy intake was calculated for each assessment method for the days when the 24-hr recall and COCO data were collected. Self-reported TEI from COCO were compared to estimates obtained from the 24-hour dietary recalls by a paired samples t-test and a Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results On average, participants consumed three meals a day and recorded six days of food intake days with COCO (range: 4 to 10 days). The mean TEI was not significantly different between the two methods (1902 ± 621 kcal by 24-hour dietary recall and 1988 ± 1033 kcal by COCO, P = 0.59). There was a significant correlation between mean TEI measured with the two methods (r = 0.45; P = 0.006). In addition, a strong correlation was observed between the number of food items logged in COCO and those recalled in the 24-hour diet recalls (r = 0.82; P >0.0001). Completion of the exit survey by 28 participants indicated that 43% would definitely or probably use the application again. Conclusions These results suggest that natural spoken language technology may have utility in applications to self-monitor food intake. Additional research is required to fully elucidate the validity of COCO in estimating dietary intake. Funding Sources This research was supported by the NIH Grant # 1R21HL118347–01 (SBR and JG), Quanta Computing, Inc., and the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate fellowship.

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Testing the Validity of a Natural Spoken Language Application for the Self-Monitoring of Daily Dietary Intake (P13-035-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz036.p13-035-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Rachel Silver ◽

Mandy Korpusik ◽

Salima Taylor ◽

Sai Das ◽

Cheryl Gilhooly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Reference Method ◽

Spoken Language ◽

Self Monitoring ◽

Daily Dietary Intake ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

Language Technology ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives Self-monitoring daily dietary intake is recommended for weight loss, weight maintenance, and healthy eating. However, current tracking methods are often burdensome and result in short-term use. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the accuracy of a new application designed to self-monitor dietary intake using natural spoken language (COCO; The Conversational Calorie Counter). Methods A total of 14 participants were recruited for the pilot study. They were instructed to record daily dietary intake using the COCO application for at least five consecutive days. Two unscheduled 24-hour dietary recalls were conducted between day 3 and day 5 as the reference method for evaluating total energy intake (TEI). The two-day energy estimates were averaged for each assessment method. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess the validity of the COCO application. Estimates of TEI from COCO were compared to the 24-hour dietary recall by a paired samples t-test. Results Participants were primarily female (86%), with an average body mass index of 22.2 ± 1.8 kg/m2 (mean ± standard deviation). On average, participants consumed three daily meals and recorded dietary intake for six days using the COCO application. The average TEI was 1782 ± 773 kcal for all recorded days (range: 4 to 10). The mean TEI measured by 24-hour dietary recall was 1791 ± 862 kcal, and mean TEI measured by COCO for the corresponding days was 1818 ± 916 kcal. We observed a significant correlation between the assessment methods (r = 0.58; P = 0.03), and there was no significant difference in TEI estimates from COCO compared to the 24-hour recall (P = 0.90). Conclusions These results suggest that natural spoken language technology can be used in applications that facilitate self-monitoring of food intake to support weight management and the prevention of noncommunicable diseases. The significant correlation between estimates of TEI from COCO and the 24-hour dietary recall indicates the potential validity of this novel approach for capturing dietary data and assessing energy intake. Funding Sources Sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (R21HL118347), the U.S. Department of Agriculture with Tufts University (58–1950-4–003), Quanta Computing, Inc., and the Department of Defense (National Defense Science Engineering Graduate Fellowship Program).

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Short Paper: Use of Natural Spoken Language with Automated Mapping of Self-Reported Food Intake to Food Composition Data for Low-Burden Real-Time Dietary Assessment (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.26988 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Salima Taylor ◽

Mandy Korpuski ◽

Sai Das ◽

Cheryl Gilhooly ◽

Ryan Simpson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Dietary Assessment ◽

Spoken Language ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Food Composition ◽

Short Paper ◽

Self Monitoring ◽

Significant Difference

BACKGROUND Self-monitoring food intake is a cornerstone of national recommendations for health, but existing applications are burdensome, which limits use. OBJECTIVE We developed and pilot tested a new app (COCO Nutritionist) that combines speech understanding technology with technologies for mapping foods to appropriate food composition codes in national databases, for lower-burden and automated nutritional analysis of self-reported dietary intake. METHODS COCO was compared with the multiple-pass, interviewer-administered 24h-recall method for assessment of energy intake. COCO was used for five consecutive days, and 24-h dietary recalls were obtained for two of the days. Participants were 35 women and men with a mean age of 28 (range 20-58) years, and mean Body Mass Index of 24 (range 17-48) kg/m2. RESULTS There was no significant difference in energy intake between values obtained by COCO and 24-h recall for days when both methods were used (2092 +/- 1044 [SD] versus 2030 +/- 687 [SD], P=0.70). There was also no differences between the methods in the percent of energy from protein, carbohydrate and fat (P=0.27-0.89), and no trend in energy intake obtained with COCO over the entire 5-day study period (p=0.186). CONCLUSIONS This first demonstration of a dietary assessment method using natural spoken language to map reported foods to food composition codes demonstrates a promising new approach to automate assessments of dietary intake. CLINICALTRIAL N/A

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Effects of Acupuncture for Anorexia and Dietary Intake Loss in Cachexia Patients With Advanced Respiratory Illness (Pilot Study)

10.21203/rs.3.rs-752416/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tomonori Maekura ◽

Ryoji Maekura ◽

Keisuke Miki ◽

Mari Miki ◽

Seigo Kitada

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Food Intake ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Respiratory Illness ◽

Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽

Before And After ◽

Low Body Mass Index ◽

Clinical Conditions

Abstract Background: Weight loss and low body mass index with cachexia are serious and refractory clinical conditions in patients with advanced chronic respiratory disease. This pilot study aimed to determine whether acupuncture improves dietary intake through increased appetite stimulation, and nutritional biomarkers, in cachectic patients with advanced respiratory illness.Methods: This study used a single-arm, open experimental design, and was conducted among hospitalized patients whose dietary intake was extremely decreased due to poor appetite. Food intake, and biomarkers were evaluated before and after acupuncture (3 times a week for 3 weeks). Results: Ten patients (age: 70.5 years [interquartile range (IQR): 68.7–75.8 years], 50% females) completed the acupuncture treatment. Significant improvements in appetite loss (visual analog scale [VAS]: 58.6 mm [42–83 mm] to 37.2 mm [19.5–50.8 mm], p = 0.0039), amount of food intake (1461 Kcal/day [1204–1620 Kcal/day] to 1696 Kcal/day [1443–2047 Kcal/day], p = 0.0039), and serum nutritional biomarker (albumin: 3.3 g/dL [3–3.8 g/dL] to 3.5 [3.3–3.7 g/dL], p = 0.0293; pre-albumin: 14.4 mg/dL [10–19.5 mg/dL] to 16.7 mg/dL [11.1–21.6 mg/dL], p = 0.0137) were observed after acupuncture. Body weight loss (0 kg [-1.4 to 1.75 kg], p = 0.0078, 0% [-3.25% to 4.7%], p = 0.0078) 6 months after acupuncture was significantly improved versus 6 months before acupuncture (-3.8 kg [-6.4 to -0.3 kg], -5.2% [-11.8% to -0.83%]). Conclusions: Short-term acupuncture may be a novel and safe treatment for improving the appetite and nutritional status of cachectic patients with advanced chronic respiratory illness. Trial registration: UMIN000044859; Date of registration: July 14, 2021-Retrospectively registered; https://www.umin.ac.jp/

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A Pilot Study of Gut-Brain Signaling After Octreotide Therapy for Unintentional Weight Loss After Esophagectomy

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgaa697 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 106 (1) ◽

pp. e204-e216

Author(s):

Conor F Murphy ◽

Nicholas Stratford ◽

Neil G Docherty ◽

Brendan Moran ◽

Jessie A Elliott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Food Intake ◽

Eating Behavior ◽

Hormone Secretion ◽

Symptom Burden ◽

Octreotide Lar ◽

Gut Hormone ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Brain Reward

Abstract Background Recurrence-free patients after esophageal cancer surgery face long-term nutritional consequences, occurring in the context of an exaggerated postprandial gut hormone response. Acute gut hormone suppression influences brain reward signaling and eating behavior. This study aimed to suppress gut hormone secretion and characterize reward responses and eating behavior among postesophagectomy patients with unintentional weight loss. Methods This pilot study prospectively studied postoperative patients with 10% or greater body weight loss (BWL) beyond 1 year who were candidates for clinical treatment with long-acting octreotide (LAR). Before and after 4 weeks of treatment, gut hormone secretion, food cue reactivity (functional magnetic resonance imaging), eating motivation (progressive ratio task), ad libitum food intake, body composition, and symptom burden were assessed. Results Eight patients (7 male, age: mean ± SD 62.8 ± 9.4 years, postoperative BWL: 15.5 ± 5.8%) participated. Octreotide LAR did not significantly suppress total postprandial plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 response at 4 weeks (P = .08). Postprandial symptom burden improved after treatment (Sigstad score median [range]: 12 [2-28] vs 8 [3-18], P = .04) but weight remained stable (pre: 68.6 ± 12.8 kg vs post: 69.2 ± 13.4 kg, P = .13). There was no significant change in brain reward system responses, during evaluation of high-energy or low-energy food pictures, nor their appeal rating. Moreover, treatment did not alter motivation to eat (P = .41) nor ad libitum food intake(P = .46). Conclusion The protocol used made it feasible to characterize the gut-brain axis and eating behavior in this cohort. Inadequate suppression of gut hormone responses 4 weeks after octreotide LAR administration may explain the lack of gut-brain pathway alterations. A higher dose or shorter interdose interval may be required to optimize the intervention.

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How Satiating Are the ‘Satiety’ Peptides: A Problem of Pharmacology versus Physiology in the Development of Novel Foods for Regulation of Food Intake

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11071517 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1517 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jia Jiet Lim ◽

Sally D. Poppitt

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Food Intake ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Peptide Yy ◽

Behavioural Change ◽

Eating Behaviour ◽

Predictive Biomarkers ◽

Negative Energy ◽

Novel Foods ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Developing novel foods to suppress energy intake and promote negative energy balance and weight loss has been a long-term but commonly unsuccessful challenge. Targeting regulation of appetite is of interest to public health researchers and industry in the quest to develop ‘functional’ foods, but poor understanding of the underpinning mechanisms regulating food intake has hampered progress. The gastrointestinal (GI) or ‘satiety’ peptides including cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) secreted following a meal, have long been purported as predictive biomarkers of appetite response, including food intake. Whilst peptide infusion drives a clear change in hunger/fullness and eating behaviour, inducing GI-peptide secretion through diet may not, possibly due to modest effects of single meals on peptide levels. We conducted a review of 70 dietary preload (DIET) and peptide infusion (INFUSION) studies in lean healthy adults that reported outcomes of CCK, GLP-1 and PYY. DIET studies were acute preload interventions. INFUSION studies showed that minimum increase required to suppress ad libitum energy intake for CCK, GLP-1 and PYY was 3.6-, 4.0- and 3.1-fold, respectively, achieved through DIET in only 29%, 0% and 8% of interventions. Whether circulating ‘thresholds’ of peptide concentration likely required for behavioural change can be achieved through diet is questionable. As yet, no individual or group of peptides can be measured in blood to reliably predict feelings of hunger and food intake. Developing foods that successfully target enhanced secretion of GI-origin ‘satiety’ peptides for weight loss remains a significant challenge.

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Dietary Intake and Clinical Response of Hospitalized Patients with Acute Diarrhea

Food and Nutrition Bulletin ◽

10.1177/156482650802900103 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 25-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mahfuza Islam ◽

S.K. Roy ◽

Muktara Begum ◽

M. Jobayer Chisti

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Clinical Response ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Acute Diarrhea ◽

Lower Energy ◽

Recovery Period ◽

Severe Illness ◽

Stool Weight ◽

Clinical Records

Background Diarrhea and malnutrition remain major health problems among children of developing countries. During diarrhea, the patient's dietary intake and absorption of nutrients are reduced while nutritional requirements are increased. Objective To determine the relationship between food intake and clinical response during the hospital stay of patients with acute diarrhea. Methods A hospital-based longitudinal study was conducted in 118 patients with acute diarrhea aged 6 to 59 months who required treatment for at least 3 days in the in-patient ward in Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B). Daily food intake was measured and anthropometric measurements were taken to assess nutritional status. Daily stool weight and clinical records were collected. The data were analyzed with SPSS/PC+, version 10, and EPI STAT, version 3.2.2. Results The duration of diarrhea was 50% greater in patients with lower energy intake (less than 50% of the recommended dietary allowance [RDA]) than in those with higher energy intake (6 vs. 4 days, p = <.001). Patients with lower energy intake had 22% greater stool output than those with higher energy intake (122.65 vs. 100.37 mL/kg body weight/day, p = .04). Among patients with lower energy intake, the weight-for-age and weight-for-height z-scores (WAZ and WHZ) at discharge from the hospital were higher than those at admission (−3.53±1.25 vs. −3.67±1.31 and 1.95±1.23 vs. −2.14±1.22, respectively; p = .001 for both comparisons), but these scores did not differ at admission and discharge among patients with higher energy intake. The Kaplan–Meier survival function showed that 80% of well-nourished children (WAZ ≥ −2), as compared with 58% of malnourished children (WAZ < −2), recovered by the 4th day of treatment ( p < .01). The length of the recovery period was related negatively with total energy intake ( p = <.001) and mid-upper-arm circumference ( p = .004) and positively with stool weight. Conclusions Food intake was reduced in the hospitalized children because of severe illness. Patients with lower energy intake as a percentaqe of RDA had delayed clinical recovery and higher stool output.

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Modest changes in dietary intake across the menstrual cycle: implications for food intake research

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/bjn20061931 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 96 (5) ◽

pp. 888-894 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

M. Bryant ◽

K. P. Truesdale ◽

L. Dye

Keyword(s):

Menstrual Cycle ◽

Food Intake ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Cycle Phase ◽

Dietary Interventions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

Selection Of

Food intake varies across the menstrual cycle in mammals, energy intake usually being greater in the premenstrual phase compared with the postmenstrual phase. Premenstrual increments in energy intake and a preferential selection of carbohydrate have been suggested to be greater in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), who may be more sensitive to cyclical hormonal or neurotransmitter fluctuations. This has direct implications for research within populations of women, especially where the primary outcome is diet or a change in energy balance. We aimed to determine whether: the premenstrual intake of energy and macronutrients differed from the postmenstrual intake; the change in intake across the menstrual cycle differed in women with PMS compared with controls; and the change in intake was related to the severity of premenstrual symptoms. We collected 3 d dietary intake data during the postmenstrual and premenstrual phases of the menstrual cycle in thirty-one women with PMS and twenty-seven control women. The consumption of energy and macronutrient intake were similar between the phases of the cycle in women with PMS. Conversely, intakes were usually greater premenstrually in control women, although not all differences were statistically significant. Exceptions were with non-milk extrinsic sugars and alcohol, which were both consumed in greater amounts in the premenstrual phase in women with PMS. Significant correlations were observed between the severity of symptoms and the change in the consumption of these nutrients. These data suggest that a consideration of the menstrual cycle phase and PMS in diet may not be warranted, especially in cross-sectional analysis, although it may need to be taken into account when examining change in intake during dietary interventions.

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Measurement of dietary intake in children

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665100000318 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 279-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 465

Author(s):

M. B. E. Livingstone ◽

P. J. Robson

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Weight Status ◽

Survey Methods ◽

Self Report ◽

Survey Method ◽

Distribution Analysis ◽

Dietary Survey

When children and adolescents are the target population in dietary surveys many different respondent and observer considerations surface. The cognitive abilities required to self-report food intake include an adequately developed concept of time, a good memory and attention span, and a knowledge of the names of foods. From the age of 8 years there is a rapid increase in the ability of children to self-report food intake. However, while cognitive abilities should be fully developed by adolescence, issues of motivation and body image may hinder willingness to report. Ten validation studies of energy intake data have demonstrated that mis-reporting, usually in the direction of under-reporting, is likely. Patterns of under-reporting vary with age, and are influenced by weight status and the dietary survey method used. Furthermore, evidence for the existence of subject-specific responding in dietary assessment challenges the assumption that repeated measurements of dietary intake will eventually obtain valid data. Unfortunately, the ability to detect mis-reporters, by comparison with presumed energy requirements, is limited unless detailed activity information is available to allow the energy intake of each subject to be evaluated individually. In addition, high variability in nutrient intakes implies that, if intakes are valid, prolonged dietary recording will be required to rank children correctly for distribution analysis. Future research should focus on refining dietary survey methods to make them more sensitive to different ages and cognitive abilities. The development of improved techniques for identification of mis-reporters and investigation of the issue of differential reporting of foods should also be given priority.

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Association of Daily Dietary Intake and Inflammation Induced by Marathon Race

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2019/1537274 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bharbara N. Passos ◽

Mirthes C. Lima ◽

Ana P. R. Sierra ◽

Rodrigo A. Oliveira ◽

Jaqueline F. S. Maciel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Endurance Exercise ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Carbohydrate Intake ◽

Long Distance ◽

Daily Food Intake ◽

Marathon Race ◽

Daily Food

Daily food intake is crucial to maintain health and determine endogenous fuel to practice endurance exercise. We investigated the association between quantity of macronutrient and micronutrient daily intake and inflammation induced by long-distance exercise. Methods. Forty-four Brazilian male amateurs’ marathon finishers from 30 to 55 years old participated in this study. Blood samples were collected 1 day before, immediately after, and 1 day and 3 days after São Paulo International Marathon. The serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-8, IL-12p70, and TNF-α were measured to evaluate inflammation. Dietary intake was determined using a prospective method of three food records in the week before marathon race. Results. Marathon race promoted an elevation on IL-6, IL-8, IL-1-β, and IL-10 immediately after the race. The energy intake (EI), carbohydrate, fiber, folic acid, vitamin E, vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, and potassium intakes was below recommended. Immediately after the marathon race, we observed a negative correlation between IL-8 and daily EI, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, iron, calcium, potassium, and sodium intakes, and higher levels of IL-8 on runners with <3 g/kg/day of carbohydrate intake compared to runners with >5 g/kg/day. We demonstrated a positive correlation between daily carbohydrate intake and IL-10 and a negative correlation between TNF-α and % of energy intake recommended, carbohydrate and fiber intakes. Finally, runners with adequate EI had lower levels of IL-1β and TNF-α compared with low EI immediately after the race. Conclusion. Nutrition strategies to promote balanced diet in amateur runners seem to be as important as immunonutrition sports market. Daily food intake, mainly EI, electrolyte and carbohydrate intakes, may modulate exacerbated inflammation after endurance exercise.

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Acute One-Cigarette Smoking Decreases Ghrelin Hormone in Saliva: A Pilot Study

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2014/575671 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yahia A. Kaabi ◽

Mohiealdeen A. Khalifa

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Food Intake ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Peptide Hormone ◽

Direct Impact ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Before And After ◽

Total Ghrelin ◽

Healthy Nonsmoker

Cigarette smoking is commonly associated with weight loss and mechanisms for these weight changes are still elusive. Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that works in a neuroendocrine fashion to stimulate hunger and the desire for food intake. Ghrelin is also secreted in saliva, probably to enhance food taste. In the current study, we tested the direct impact of acute cigarette smoking on total ghrelin found in saliva.Methods. Blood and saliva samples were collected from 30 healthy nonsmoker male volunteers before and after one-cigarette smoke. Total ghrelin in serum and saliva was measured by ELISA based method.Results. Data showed a statistically significant reduction in salivary ghrelin after smoking(P<0.0001). In serum, total ghrelin levels were not affected before and after smoking(P=0.1362). Additionally, positive correlation was observed between serum and salivary ghrelin before smoking(r=0.4143andP=0.0158); however, this correlation was lost after smoking(r=0.1147andP=0.5461).Conclusion. Acute one-cigarette smoking can negatively affect ghrelin levels in saliva that might contribute to the dull food taste in smokers.

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