Association Between Dietary Diversity, Waist to Hip Ratio and Cardiovascular Diseases Among Selected African Women (P10-079-19)
Abstract Objectives This study investigated the association between the dietary diversity, waist to hip ratio and cardiovascular diseases among women African. Methods A longitudinal study was carried out among randomly selected one thousand eight hundred and ninety eight ready and willing women in Nigeria. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on socio-demographic characteristics and physical activity pattern of the respondents. Information on dietary diversity score (DDS) was obtained using a standardized Food and Nutrition Technical Assistant (FANTA) Project Questionnaire. Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR) and Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) were calculated from anthropometric measurements and used to classify subjects’ nutritional status. Nutrient intake was obtained using 24-hour dietary recall technique. The blood pressures of the subjects were measured using sphygmomanometer and classified using World Health Organization standard. The total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were determined from collected blood samples of selected participants. Cardiovascular Risk was determined using American Heart Diseases software Version10. Data collected were analyzed using Statistical package for social science version 21. Results The DDS for cereals and grain (1.5 ± 0.2), Seeds, nuts and legumes (0.41 ± .4), starchy, roots and tubers (1.8 ± 5 and 1.59 ± 0.5), Fruits group (0.53 ± 0.19), meat and meat products (0.36 ± 0.4), fish and sea foods (1.09 ± 0.3), Oil and dairy group (0.17 ± 0.4).The BMI showed that 19% had obesity grade I, 8% had obesity grade II while WHR indicated that 6% were overweight and 10% obese. The mean energy intake was 2068 ± 957 kcal while the protein intake was 116 ± 59 g/day. Desirable TC level (<200 mg/dl) was found in 80% of the selected subjects while the normal TG (<150 mg/dl) and LDL (<129 mg/dl) was found in 95% and 90% subjects respectively. Cardiovascular disease risk showed that (93%) of the subjects had low risk while 7% had average risk. Conclusions The study showed significant relationship (r < 0.05) between dietary diversity, waist to hip ratio, obesity as well as sedentary lifestyle and the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Funding Sources TETFUND NIGERIA.