scholarly journals Paths Linking Maternal Resources for Care to Child Growth and Early Childhood Development in Bangladesh (P11-125-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulochana Basnet ◽  
Edward Frongillo ◽  
Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Spencer Moore ◽  
Mandana Arabi
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Perceived Support ◽  
Maternal Resources ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Objectives The study aimed to determine the paths through which resources for care were associated with child growth and development. We hypothesized that resources could have been directly associated with child outcomes or indirectly through care behaviors. Child growth could also have mediated the association between care resources and development. Methods We used the baseline Alive & Thrive data from Bangladesh (n = 803 mothers and their 12–23.9-month children). Child outcomes were height-for-age z score (HAZ) and motor and language development. Care resources were maternal education, knowledge, height, body mass index (BMI), mental well-being, decision-making autonomy, employment, support in chores, and perceived support. Care included dietary diversity, cleanliness, immunization, stimulation, and adequate care. Path analyses accounting for potential confounders and clustering were used. Results Education, knowledge, health, autonomy and support were associated with child outcomes. Height (β = 0.054), BMI (β = 0.033), and mental well-being (β = 0.024) had direct associations with child HAZ. Knowledge (β = 0.0038) and perceived support (β = 0.013) were associated HAZ via immunization. Height (β = 0.034) and mental well-being (β = 0.015) were associated with motor development via HAZ. Knowledge (β = 0.0024) and perceived support (β = 0.0075) were associated with motor development via immunization and then HAZ. Autonomy (β = 0.085) and perceived support (β = -0.24) had a direct association with language. Education was associated with language via cleanliness (β = 0.011). Knowledge and perceived support had associations with language via cleanliness, and immunization and then HAZ. Height (β = 0.016), BMI (β = 0.0094), and mental well-being (β = 0.0070) were associated with language via HAZ. Conclusions Care resources were associated with growth and development directly and via care. Child growth mediated the associations between resources and child development. Strengthening various maternal resources and integration of growth and development interventions may improve child outcomes. Funding Sources Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the governments of Canada and Ireland through Alive & Thrive, managed by FHI 360, and the Patrice L. Engle Dissertation Grant in Global Early Child Development.

scholarly journals Child Diet and Maternal Responsiveness Mediate Effects of a Responsive Stimulation and Nutrition Intervention on Child Growth and Development: Evidence from Rural Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 812-812
Author(s):  
Lilia Bliznashka ◽  
Dana McCoy ◽  
Saima Siyal ◽  
Christopher Sudfeld ◽  
Wafaie Fawzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Maternal Responsiveness ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Rural Pakistan

Abstract Objectives To test the hypothesis that child diet and maternal responsiveness mediated the effects of an integrated responsive stimulation (RS) and enhanced nutrition (EN) intervention on child growth and development. Methods We used data from the Pakistan Early Child Development Scale-up (PEDS) cluster-randomized controlled trial which evaluated the effectiveness of the Lady Health Worker (LHW) Program in rural Pakistan from 2010–2012. LHWs were randomized into one of four intervention arms (20 LHWs each): (1) RS: UNICEF-WHO Care for Child Development package (locally adapted), (2) EN: EN education and multiple micronutrient powders for children 6–24 mo, (3) RS + EN, and (4) Control. LHWs delivered the interventions in routine monthly home visits and group sessions. Mother-child pairs were enrolled form birth to 24 mo (N = 1324). Primary outcomes were child growth (assessed with length-for-age Z-score (LAZ)) and development (assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition) at 12 and 24 mo. We examined whether child diet (assessed with the WHO indicator for minimum acceptable diet) and maternal responsiveness (assessed with the Observation of Mother-Child Interaction tool) at 12 mo mediated intervention effects at 24 mo. Structural equation modelling was used to estimate the total, direct and indirect (via child diet and maternal responsiveness) intervention effects on child growth and development at 24 mo. Results The RS, EN and RS + EN interventions improved cognitive, language and motor development at 24 mo, but had no significant effect on LAZ and socio-emotional development. Child diet and maternal responsiveness mediated intervention effects on cognitive development, whereas maternal responsiveness alone mediated intervention effects on language and motor development. Despite the lack of significant total intervention effects on LAZ and socio-emotional development, there were significant positive indirect effects on LAZ via maternal responsiveness and child diet, and on socio-emotional development via maternal responsiveness. Conclusions Child diet and maternal responsiveness are two important mechanisms which mediated the effect of a RS and EN intervention on child growth and development. Leveraging these mechanisms can help enhance the effectiveness of RS and EN interventions. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION ON STIMULATION, DETECTION, AND EARLY INTERVENTION OF CHILD GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT (SDIDTK) PROGRAM IN PUSKESMAS MOJO, SURABAYA STILL EMPHASIZE ON GROWTH SCREENING

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Susanti ◽  
Florentina Sustini
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrition Screening

It’s Important to conduct child development screening regularly in primary health services, so child developmental delay cases can be detected and treated as early as possible. Child development screening program in Puskesmas should been carried out integrated with growth screening in Stimulation, Detection, and Early Intervention of Child Growth and Development (SDIDTK) Program. Aims of this study was to gathering informations about the implementation of child development screening activity conducted by Puskesmas Mojo. This was a cross sectional study with kualitatif method. Primary data taken from under 5 years old child’s mothers, kindergarten teachers, cadres, and health staff of Puskesmas Mojo. Secondary data gotten from PWS KIA report of Puskesmas Mojo.Results of SDIDTK activities in Puskesmas Mojo according to PWS KIA report, achieve 88.1% in 2013 and 95.2% in 2014. Child development screening activities done infrequenly in Posyandu. Routine activities of Posyandu was growth/nutrition screening. Child development screening activities done by visiting kindergarten school every 6 month but not every child getting development screen, only those who suspicious have developmental delay because of minimum number of staff and aids. Results of SDIDTK activities in Puskesmas Mojo only represents child growth screening activities.

scholarly journals Pemberian Stimulasi Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan oleh Ibu Berhubungan Dengan Perkembangan Anak Usia 1-3 Tahun

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Devi Nurhayati ◽  
Latifah Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
P Value ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Stimulation Of

Children entering the age of 1-3 years of development stage whose behavior starts to be influenced by the external environment and family environment that must provide good stimulation for children. Mother's behavior about stimulation is assessed as a basic need to hone child development and improve her abilities. The purpose of this study was determined the correlation between maternal behavior about growth and development stimulation with the development of children aged 1-3 years in Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta. This study was used descriptive analytic method with cross sectional approach. 79 mothers and children taken by purposive sampling technique. Researchers collected data on respondents when mothers and children came to the posyandu. Respondents who were not present at the posyandu, the researchers collected data through home visits. The mother filled out a questionnaire about the mother's behavior in giving stimulation of child growth and development first, then the researcher conducted development using Denver II. The data collected was analyzed using the Spearman test. The most of mothers had good behavior in the stimulation of child growth and development that is 65 respondents (82.2%), and most of the children in the normal category are 58 respondents (73.4%). Based on Spearman's test the p value = 0.016 so that there is a relationship between maternal behavior about growth and development stimulation with child development, and the value of the closeness of a weak relationship is 0.269. There is a correlation between maternal behavior regarding growth and development stimulation with the development of children aged 1-3 years. Keywords: mother behavior; stimulation; growth and development; children aged 1-3 years ABSTRAK Orang tua terutama ibu harus memberikan stimulasi yang baik bagi anak. Perilaku ibu tentang stimulasi merupakan kebutuhan dasar untuk mengasah perkembangan anak dan meningkatkan kemampuannya. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku ibu dalam pemberian stimulasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dengan perkembangan anak usia 1-3 tahun di Depok, Sleman. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 79 ibu dan anak diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Peneliti melakukan pengambilan data pada responden saat ibu dan anak datang ke posyandu. Bagi calon responden yang tidak hadir pada saat posyandu maka peneliti melakukan pengambilan data melalui kunjungan rumah. Ibu mengisi kuesioner tentang perilaku ibu dalam pemberian stimulasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak terlebih dahulu selanjutnya peneliti melakukan pemeriksaan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak menggunakan Denver II. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Spearman. Sebagian besar Ibu memiliki perilaku baik dalam stimulasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak yaitu 65 responden (82,3%) dan sebagian besar anak perkembangannya dalam kategori normal yaitu sebanyak 58 responden (73,4%). Berdasarkan uji Spearman hasil nilai p=0,016 sehingga ada hubungan antara perilaku ibu dalam pemberian stimulasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dengan perkembangan anak, dan nilai keeratan hubungan lemah yaitu 0,269. Ada hubungan antara perilaku ibu tentang stimulasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dengan perkembangan anak usia 1-3 tahun. Kata kunci: perilaku ibu; stimulasi; pertumbuhan dan perkembangan; anak usia 1-3 tahun

scholarly journals No Magic Bullets: Insights on Drivers of Stunting Decline from an Analysis of Subnational Success Cases in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 803-803
Author(s):  
Rasmi Avula ◽  
Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Neha Kohli ◽  
Shubhada Kanani ◽  
Purnima Menon
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
National Level ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
State Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Drivers Of Change ◽  
Gates Foundation

Abstract Objectives Global attention to reducing childhood stunting has increased the demand for guidance on translating policies into impact. Evidence from national-level success cases is emerging but little is known about how subnational entities can accelerate change. In India, despite a common national framework of programs/policies targeting many determinants of child growth, stunting reduction has varied across states. We aimed to understand drivers of change in stunting at state-level and to identify programmatic, social and political factors that contributed to these changes. Methods We studied three states that had achieved substantial stunting declines between 2005 and 2016 [Chhattisgarh (CG) 14 percentage points (pp); Gujarat (GJ) 13pp; Odisha (OD) 11 pp]. We used regression-decomposition analysis to assess contributions of various determinants of height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) using two rounds of national data. We reviewed nutrition-relevant policies and programs linked to these drivers of change and interviewed stakeholders in government, development partners (DPs), academia and civil society (n = 61) to understand how change occurred. Results Main contributors to gains in HAZ were coverage of health and nutrition interventions (21% CG; 11% GJ; 25% OD), household assets (10% CG; 13% GJ; 18% OD), and sanitation (7% CG; 6% GJ; 5% OD). Maternal education, age at marriage, community-level hygiene, and electrification also contributed. Political leadership and an outcome-focused vision were crucial for action. Although vision varied, capable administrators were able to secure adequate finances, strengthen implementation systems, and invest in state-specific innovations, creating an enabling environment for change. Varied actors, including civil society and DPs, played a catalytic role in spurring action through advocacy, technical and financial inputs, and vigilance. Conclusions Similar drivers were responsible for stunting reduction in 3 states. Ingredients for success highlight the importance of political leadership, targeting multiple determinants and improving implementation systems. Supportive civil society, political and bureaucratic leadership motivated by the well-being of communities remain crucial. Funding Sources Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through POSHAN, led by IFPRI.

scholarly journals The contribution of grandmother involvement to child growth and development: an observational study in rural Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. e002181
Author(s):  
Esther O Chung ◽  
Ashley Hagaman ◽  
Katherine LeMasters ◽  
Nafeesa Andrabi ◽  
Victoria Baranov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Socioemotional Development ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Early Child ◽  
Rural Pakistan ◽  
Z Scores

IntroductionEarly childhood interventions primarily focus on the mother–child relationship, but grandmothers are often critical in childcare in low-resource settings. Prior research is mixed on how grandmother involvement influences child outcomes and there is a paucity of research on grandmother caregiving in low-income and middle-income countries. We examined the role of grandmother involvement on child growth and development in the first 2 years of life cross sectionally and longitudinally in rural Pakistan.MethodsWe used data from the Bachpan Cohort, a longitudinal birth cohort in rural Pakistan. Maternally reported grandmother involvement in daily instrumental and non-instrumental caregiving was collected at 3 and 12 months. A summed score was created and categorised into non-involved, low and high. Outcomes included 12-month and 24-month child growth, 12-month Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development and 24-month Ages and Stages Questionnaire—Socioemotional. We used multivariable generalised linear models to estimate mean differences (MD) at 12 months (n=727) and 24 months (n=712). Inverse probability weighting was used to account for missingness and sampling.ResultsIn our sample, 68% of children lived with a grandmother, and most grandmothers were involved in caregiving. Greater 3-month grandmother involvement was positively associated with 12-month weight z-scores; however, greater involvement was associated with lower 24-month weight z-scores. High 12-month grandmother involvement was associated with improved 12-month cognitive (MD=0.38, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.76), fine motor skills (MD=0.45, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.83) and 24-month socioemotional development (MD=−17.83, 95% CI −31.47 to –4.19). No meaningful associations were found for length z-scores or language development.ConclusionIn rural Pakistan, grandmothers provide caregiving that influences early child development. Our findings highlight the complex relationship between grandmother involvement and child weight, and suggest that grandmothers may positively promote early child cognitive, fine motor and socioemotional development. Understanding how grandmother involvement affects child outcomes in early life is necessary to inform caregiving interventions.

scholarly journals Knowledge and parenting patterns with toddler’s growth and development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Murdiningsih Murdiningsih ◽  
Nurul Komariah
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Class ◽  
Parenting Pattern

Many factors are related to the growth and development of children. The parent factors are important, such as knowledge and parenting pattern. The purpose of the study is to analyze the correlation between knowledge and parenting patterns with toddler’s growth and development in Pre-school class in urban area of Srijaya of Palembang city within year 2017. This sstudy is an observational research with a Cross-sectional study design; it was conducted in September to October 2017. This study was conducted in Pre-school class in urban area of Srijaya of Palembang city. The population was all toddlers who attended Pre-school Class in Srijaya Palembang in year 2017. Research Samples are all toddler who follow the Pre-school class in Srijaya Palembang in year 2017 that meet the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. This research using primary data. The instrument use questionaire for knowledge and collection of biodata. For parenting variables we use Parenting Style Questioner (PSQ). In growth variable we do the measurement of body weight and height, while variable of development done by using KPSP. The result is there is correlation between mother’s knowledge with child growth (p=0.047) and child development (p=0.001). There is relationship between parenting pattern with child growth (p=0.047) and child development (p=0.001). Conclusion: there is correlation between mother's knowledge with child growth and development and there is correlation between parenting pattern with growth and development of child.

scholarly journals Growing up Healthy in Families Across the Globe: Cross-Cultural Harmonisation of Childhood Risk-Factors Using Longitudinal Studies from Ireland, Scotland and New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1921-1935
Author(s):  
Patty Doran ◽  
Paul Bradshaw ◽  
Susan Morton ◽  
El-Shadan Tautolo ◽  
James Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Risk Factor Model ◽  
Smoking In Pregnancy ◽  
Development Outcomes

Abstract The Growing Up Healthy in Families Across the Globe project is an international collaboration examining the potential for harmonised analysis using five longitudinal studies (from New Zealand, Ireland and Scotland). All five studies follow the lives of children, are interested in the dynamics of family change and work to inform policy to potentially improve population well-being across the life-course. Comparative analysis from harmonised longitudinal studies, where change over time is emphasised, provides a unique view to determine how and why environments change, which environments are supportive and which are not. This paper discusses the challenges and tasks involved when preparing and conducting harmonised analysis, and initial findings from the Growing Up Healthy project are discussed. The studies were, from New Zealand, Te Hoe Nuku Roa, the Pacific Island Families Study and Growing Up in New Zealand, and from Scotland and Ireland Growing Up in Scotland and Growing Up in Ireland. Post hoc data harmonisation of measures resulted in the identification of several closely aligned variables. The harmonised descriptive variables from the five studies highlight many similarities across the studies. A risk factor model to predict child development outcomes (using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) was developed and resulted in very similar patterns of risk in New Zealand, Ireland and Scotland. Risks included: maternal relationship status, maternal education, smoking in pregnancy, maternal self-reported health and maternal long-standing illness. The insights will be of interest to all those concerned with child development in contemporary New Zealand, Ireland, Scotland and other similar countries.

scholarly journals Breast-feeding and maternal mental well-being among Bangladeshi and Pakistani women in north-east England

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 486-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayeda Z Noor ◽  
Emily K Rousham
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North East ◽  
Pakistani Women ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Breast Fed

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the relationship between infant feeding and maternal mental well-being among women of Bangladeshi and Pakistani ethnicity; and to explore the sources of advice, information and support available to women before and after childbirth.DesignA cross-sectional survey of infant feeding and maternal well-being via structured interviews conducted in the home.SettingHome visits within two inner-city wards of Newcastle upon Tyne.SubjectsEighty-six women of South Asian ethnicity.ResultsEnjoyment of everyday activities was higher among women who breast-fed only (P = 0.028); whereas feeling sad or crying during pregnancy was lower among breast-feeding women (P = 0.005), as was not sleeping well (P = 0.003) and feeling that everything was too much (P = 0.039), compared with women who used formula or mixed feeding. Women who breast-fed only had better mean mood scores than those who formula-fed or those who both breast-fed and formula-fed (P < 0.001). Mean mood responses were also significantly associated with the mother’s level of understanding of English and number of years in education (P = 0.005 and P = 0.003, respectively). The association between method of feeding and maternal mood remained strong after controlling for the effects of English language and maternal education.ConclusionsThe study suggests that breast-feeding may be an important mediator of maternal mental well-being after childbirth. Community-based programmes tailored to the needs of Bangladeshi and Pakistani women which support breast-feeding and encourage exclusive breast-feeding may be of benefit.

scholarly journals Determinants of the Early Childhood Development Index among children aged less than 5 years in Bangladesh, Costa Rica and Ghana: a comparative study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqramul Haq ◽  
Md Ismail Hossain ◽  
Maliha Afroj Zinnia ◽  
Md Rifat Hasan ◽  
Imru-Al-Quais Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Early Child Development ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Early Child ◽  
Development Index

Background: Early child development is a crucial factor for children that controls health and well-being in later life. Aims: To determine the influence of sociodemographic factors on the Early Child Development Index (ECDI) among children aged < 5 years. Methods: The analysis was performed using cross-sectional survey data from 2019, 2017–2018 and 2018 Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys from Bangladesh, Ghana and Costa Rica, respectively. We used the Chi-square test for bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression model for multivariate analysis for all 3 countries. All the statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS version 25 and R version 4.0.0. Results: Child age and sex, followed by maternal education level, economic status, child nutritional status, reading children’s books, and maternal functional difficulties had the greatest effect on ECDI. Children aged 36–47 months had lower odds of development than those aged 48–59 months, and boys had lower odds of development than girls in Bangladesh, Costa Rica and Ghana. Urban children had lower odds of development than rural children in Costa Rica but higher odds in Ghana. Conclusion: We recommend that governments should take the necessary steps to enhance children’s early development and well-being in all 3 countries by raising education, improving economic conditions and providing balanced nutrition.

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