scholarly journals A cognitive model’s view of animal cognition

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney D’mello ◽  
Stan Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Animal Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Working Model ◽  
Hypotheses Generation

Abstract Although it is a relatively new field of study, the animal cognition literature is quite extensive and difficult to synthesize. This paper explores the contributions a comprehensive, computational, cognitive model can make toward organizing and assimilating this literature, as well as toward identifying important concepts and their interrelations. Using the LIDA model as an example, a framework is described within which to integrate the diverse research in animal cognition. Such a framework can provide both an ontology of concepts and their relations, and a working model of an animal’s cognitive processes that can compliment active empirical research. In addition to helping to account for a broad range of cognitive processes, such a model can help to comparatively assess the cognitive capabilities of different animal species. After deriving an ontology for animal cognition from the LIDA model, we apply it to develop the beginnings of a database that maps the cognitive facilities of a variety of animal species. We conclude by discussing future avenues of research, particularly the use of computational models of animal cognition as valuable tools for hypotheses generation and testing.

scholarly journals Cognition and the evolution of camouflage

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1825) ◽  
pp. 20152890 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Skelhorn ◽  
Candy Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Animal Cognition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ecological Context ◽  
The Past ◽  
Camouflage Patterns ◽  
Predator Defence

Camouflage is one of the most widespread forms of anti-predator defence and prevents prey individuals from being detected or correctly recognized by would-be predators. Over the past decade, there has been a resurgence of interest in both the evolution of prey camouflage patterns, and in understanding animal cognition in a more ecological context. However, these fields rarely collide, and the role of cognition in the evolution of camouflage is poorly understood. Here, we review what we currently know about the role of both predator and prey cognition in the evolution of prey camouflage, outline why cognition may be an important selective pressure driving the evolution of camouflage and consider how studying the cognitive processes of animals may prove to be a useful tool to study the evolution of camouflage, and vice versa. In doing so, we highlight that we still have a lot to learn about the role of cognition in the evolution of camouflage and identify a number of avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Dilemmas of human potential management, from the viewpoint of employment security

Management ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-26
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bodak ◽  
Anna Cierniak-Emerych ◽  
Małgorzata Gableta ◽  
Agata Pietroń-Pyszczek ◽  
Katarzyna Piwowar-Sulej
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Employment Security

Summary In this study - based on the result of own and others empirical research, regarding conditions of person’s functioning in the process of work during the last decade of 2000’s - an attempt of indicating dilemmas connected with shaping of employment security has been made. The field of study was approached not only from the perspective of employees and employers, but also with the intent of showing the diversity of solutions adopted in this area The results of presented research have confirmed the validity of solutions postulated by science, in relation to the results of monitoring of the turbulent economic environment and the progressing changes in employees’ expectations

scholarly journals Prosodic organization of English folk riddles and the mechanism of their decoding

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 153-166
Author(s):  
Larysa Taranenko
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Compositional Structure ◽  
Auditory Analysis ◽  
Model Formation ◽  
Phonetic Study ◽  
Methodological Ground

The paper advances a cognitive model representing a creative mechanism of riddle decoding by its recipient, which serves as a theoretical and methodological ground for the experimental phonetic study of prosodic means that organize the text of a riddle. Within the process of cognitive model formation the author performs a conceptual analysis of the riddle compositional structure, presented as a systemic algorithmic scheme. It is confirmed that a characteristic feature of a folk riddle is its division into two elements: the first one is the description of an object, further differentiated into “topic” and “commentary”, while the second one is the riddle answer, or solution, generated directly in the recipient’s mind as a result of his/her mental activities. The carried out auditory analysis proves that such a limitation of the riddle’s structure is compensated by a set of prosodic means and their specific interaction, which trigger creative and cognitive processes in the recipient’s mind aimed at searching for the riddle solution.

Computational Models of Bio Heuristics Based on Physical and Cognitive Processes (Review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 563-574
Author(s):  
V. V. Kureychik ◽  
◽  
S. I. Rodzin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Convergence Rate ◽  
Rate Of Convergence ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Software Implementation ◽  
Minimum Total Length

Computational models of bio heuristics based on physical and cognitive processes are presented. Data on such characteristics of bio heuristics (including evolutionary and swarm bio heuristics) are compared.) such as the rate of convergence, computational complexity, the required amount of memory, the configuration of the algorithm parameters, the difficulties of software implementation. The balance between the convergence rate of bio heuristics and the diversification of the search space for solutions to optimization problems is estimated. Experimental results are presented for the problem of placing Peco graphs in a lattice with the minimum total length of the graph edges.

It’s Time for Empirical Research in Business Ethics

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larue Tone Hosmer
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Belief Structure ◽  
Do So ◽  
The Way

Abstract:We have a very decent belief structure or general paradigm underlying Business Ethics as a formal field of study. It has an explicit moral base. It can be stated in simple and direct terms. It has been developed over a number of recent years by a group of respected scholars from a variety of academic disciplines. It is, however, subject to multiple interpretations and open to extensive conflicts. We can easily tolerate if not benefit from the differing interpretations. We must—at some point—moderate if not resolve the debilitating conflicts. The argument I wish to make in this paper is that we have reached that point. It is time to resolve the conflicts, and the way to do so is to generate awkward, undeniable facts through basic empirical research. Those facts will then have to be incorporated into acceptable—and eventually accepted—theory.

A Flexible Scheme to Model the Cognitive Influence on Emotions in Autonomous Agents

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Sergio Castellanos ◽  
Luis-Felipe Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Appraisal Theory ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Cognitive Information

Autonomous agents (AAs) are designed to embody the natural intelligence by incorporating cognitive mechanisms that are applied to evaluate stimuli from an emotional perspective. Computational models of emotions (CMEs) implement mechanisms of human information processing in order to provide AAs for a capability to assign emotional values to perceived stimuli and implement emotion-driven behaviors. However, a major challenge in the design of CMEs is how cognitive information is projected from the architecture of AAs. This article presents a cognitive model for CMEs based on appraisal theory aimed at modeling AAs' interactions between cognitive and affective processes. The proposed scheme explains the influence of AAs' cognition on emotions by fuzzy membership functions associated to appraisal dimensions. The computational simulation is designed in the context of an integrative framework to facilitate the development of CMEs, which are capable of interacting with cognitive components of AAs. This article presents a case study and experiment that demonstrate the functionality of the proposed models.

Big Data Analytics

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingxu Wang ◽  
Jun Peng
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Data Engineering ◽  
Big Data Systems ◽  
Cognitive Foundations

Big data are pervasively generated by human cognitive processes, formal inferences, and system quantifications. This paper presents the cognitive foundations of big data systems towards big data science. The key perceptual model of big data systems is the recursively typed hyperstructure (RTHS). The RTHS model reveals the inherited complexities and unprecedented difficulty in big data engineering. This finding leads to a set of mathematical and computational models for efficiently processing big data systems. The cognitive relationship between data, information, knowledge, and intelligence is formally described.

Embodiment: Reflections on Religious Learning in Youth Ministry

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos de Kock ◽  
Ronelle Sonnenberg
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Youth Ministry ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Socialization Theory ◽  
Religious Learning ◽  
Pedagogical Theory

The concept of embodiment has increasingly been in the foreground of recent debates within youth ministry and religious learning. Human experience and learning are rooted in flesh-and-blood bodies, which means that the focus of youth ministry should not only be on cognitive processes but also on concrete experiences, acts and rituals. This article aims to clarify the meaning and relevance of embodiment for religious learning in youth ministry. For this purpose, the paper reviews two lines of reflection: first, reflections based on educational learning theory and religious pedagogical theory; second, reflections based on socialization theory. Finally, the article concludes with a discussion on the consequences these two lines of reflections have for current empirical research regarding the religious learning of young people.

A Granular Unified Min-Max Fuzzy-Neuro Framework for Learning Fuzzy Systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokhtar Beldjehem ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Fuzzy Systems ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Fuzzy Rules ◽  
Approximation Procedure ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy ◽  
Fuzzy Partitions ◽  
Hypotheses Generation

We propose a novel computational granular unified framework that is cognitively motivated for learning if-then fuzzy weighted rules by using a hybrid neuro-fuzzy or fuzzy-neuro possibilistic model appropriately crafted as a means to automatically extract or learn fuzzy rules from only input-output examples by integrating some useful concepts from the human cognitive processes and adding some interesting granular functionalities. This learning scheme uses an exhaustive search over the fuzzy partitions of involved variables, automatic fuzzy hypotheses generation, formulation and testing, and approximation procedure of Min-Max relational equations. The main idea is to start learning from coarse fuzzy partitions of the involved variables (both input and output) and proceed progressively toward fine-grained partitions until finding the appropriate partitions that fit the data. According to the complexity of the problem at hand, it learns the whole structure of the fuzzy system, i.e. conjointly appropriate fuzzy partitions, appropriate fuzzy rules, their number and their associated membership functions.

Cognitive Model of Team Collaboration: Macro-Cognitive Focus

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Warner ◽  
Michael Letsky ◽  
Michael Cowen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Distributed Teams ◽  
Descriptive Model ◽  
Team Collaboration ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Human Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The purpose of this paper is to describe a cognitive model of team collaboration emphasizing the human decision-making processes used during team collaboration. The descriptive model includes the domain characteristics, collaboration stages, meta- and macro cognitive processes and the mechanisms for achieving the stages and cognitive processes. Two experiments were designed to provide empirical data on the validity of the collaboration stages and cognitive processes of the model. Both face-to-face and asynchronous, distributed teams demonstrated behavior that supports the existence of the collaboration stages along with seven cognitive processes.

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