Systematic review on citizens’ literacy in omic sciences and web search of initiatives to improve it

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sassano ◽  
G E Calabrò ◽  
A Tognetto ◽  
A Federici ◽  
W Ricciardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction We are assisting to a progressive change in the classical approach to patient care toward so-called personalized medicine, mainly driven by the development of omic sciences. To implement omic sciences into practice it is important to address healthcare professionals', policy makers', leaders', and citizens' literacy Methods As part of a project funded by the Italian Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (CCM), we carried out a systematic review (SR) on citizens' attitude, knowledge, and educational needs in omic sciences. The search was carried out on Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase. We also conducted a separate web search on Google, Yahoo, and Bing on initiatives published in Italian and English aimed at improving citizens' literacy in the same field. Websites of retrieved initiatives were examined to identify additional resources Results Forty-nine studies were included in the SR. Most studies (n = 26, 66.7%) reported low levels of knowledge in omic sciences among citizens, and conflicting attitudes related to potential risks and benefits of omic sciences. Eleven studies (22%) evaluated citizens' educational needs, and most (n = 9, 82%) reported a clear knowledge gap. As for the web search, 13 initiatives were identified in Italy, 4 in Europe, and 22 in non-European Countries. Overall, 33% of them required in-person attendance, while 67% were web-based resources. The former included exhibitions, seminars, courses, symposia, information stands in public places, guided visits at research laboratories, and interactive laboratories; the latter included web-pages for reading, online lessons and courses, web portals for information, videos and short movies, animations, apps for mobile devices Conclusions Results show a clear need to improve citizens' literacy. To achieve this goal, the implementation of effective strategies and initiatives is crucial, hence this effort to summarize the existing ones will be essential for future plan developments. Key messages The current challenge is to identify effective methods of improving citizens' literacy and implementing them. Only through citizens’ empowerment the implementation of omic sciences in the Health System will be possible, since citizens are increasingly active in the health context.

scholarly journals A Web Screening on Educational Initiatives to Increase Citizens’ Literacy on Genomics and Genetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Sassano ◽  
Giovanna Elisa Calabrò ◽  
Stefania Boccia
Keyword(s):  
Web Search ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Web Portals ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Educational Initiatives ◽  
Effective Interventions

IntroductionPopulation awareness and empowerment in omics sciences represent a fundamental driver to increase the adoption of evidence-based approaches in personalized medicine. In this context, a pivotal role is played by citizens’ literacy, and educational initiatives carried out in this context are key assets to drive future effective interventions. With the present study, we summarized the educational initiatives conducted worldwide aimed at increasing citizens’ literacy in omics sciences.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a web search of the educational initiatives aimed at improving citizens’ literacy in omics sciences undertaken worldwide, by using three search engines (Google, Bing, and Yahoo Search), in English and in Italian languages.ResultsWe identified five initiatives in Europe, 22 in non-European countries, and 13 in Italy. Overall, the majority (69%) were web-based initiatives, while 31% required in-person attendance. The online initiatives included web pages for reading, online lessons/courses, web portals, videos/short movies, animations, and apps for mobile devices. The residential initiatives, on the other hand, included exhibitions, seminars, courses, symposia, information stands in public places, guided visits to research laboratories, and interactive laboratories. All the initiatives were highly heterogeneous in terms of methodologies and the topics addressed.Discussion and ConclusionOverall, we identified a variety of initiatives aimed at improving citizens’ literacy in omics sciences, with the largest majority carried out in the United States and being web-based. Our results showed heterogeneity among the initiatives as to the dealt topics and the adopted methods. Further research is needed, however, to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of educational initiatives to improve citizens’ literacy in omics sciences.

Toxoplasma oocysts in the soil of public places worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahman Maleki ◽  
Nayebali Ahmadi ◽  
Meysam Olfatifar ◽  
Mohammad Gorgipour ◽  
Ali Taghipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Contamination Levels

Abstract Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic and cosmopolitan infection. Although a few studies have evaluated the prevalence of Toxoplasma oocysts in the soil of public places, the present study was conducted to provide insights into environmental contamination levels and its potential transmission to humans on a global scale. A systematic search was conducted using bibliographic databases through 30 August 2020. A random effects model was utilized to estimate pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analysis and meta-regressions were also performed on the geographical and environmental parameters. Finally, 22 articles, wherein 15 420 soil samples were examined, met the systematic review and meta-analysis requirements. The mean pooled prevalence of Toxoplasma oocysts was estimated at 16% (95% CI 10 to 26) in public places. The estimated prevalences in Europe, South America, Asia and North America were 23% (95% CI 4 to 65), 22% (95% CI 18 to 26), 15% (95% CI 0.06 to 33) and 8% (95% CI 0.00 to 97), respectively. An increasing trend was observed in the prevalence of Toxoplasma oocysts with increasing latitude (41–56°), decreasing longitude (0–40°) and increasing relative humidity (≥76%). Loop-mediated isothermal amplification and polymerase chain reaction methods revealed the highest and lowest prevalence rates, respectively, in the detection of Toxoplasma oocysts. Awareness of the health authorities and people about Toxoplasma prevalence in the soil of public places and its risk factors is of great importance to developing effective strategies to prevent infection.

scholarly journals Detecting Web-Based Botnets Using Bot Communication Traffic Features

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Hau Hsu ◽  
Chih-Wen Ou ◽  
Yan-Ling Hwang ◽  
Ya-Ching Chang ◽  
Po-Ching Lin
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Web Server ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Network Equipment ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Communication Traffic ◽  
And Control

Web-based botnets are popular nowadays. A Web-based botnet is a botnet whose C&C server and bots use HTTP protocol, the most universal and supported network protocol, to communicate with each other. Because the botnet communication can be hidden easily by attackers behind the relatively massive HTTP traffic, administrators of network equipment, such as routers and switches, cannot block such suspicious traffic directly regardless of costs. Based on the clients constituent of a Web server and characteristics of HTTP responses sent to clients from the server, this paper proposes a traffic inspection solution, called Web-based Botnet Detector (WBD). WBD is able to detect suspicious C&C (Command-and-Control) servers of HTTP botnets regardless of whether the botnet commands are encrypted or hidden in normal Web pages. More than 500 GB real network traces collected from 11 backbone routers are used to evaluate our method. Experimental results show that the false positive rate of WBD is 0.42%.

scholarly journals The Effect of Lavender (Lavandula stoechas L.) on Reducing Labor Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mohsen Kazeminia ◽  
Alireza Abdi ◽  
Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani ◽  
Rostam Jalali ◽  
Shamarina Shohaimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Lavandula Stoechas ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background. Labor pain is one of the most severe pains, which most of women experience. By using novel supportive methods, the labor pain can be reduced, which makes this event pleasant and delightful. Several original studies have been conducted in regard to the effect of lavender on reducing labor pain, whose results are controversial. One of the applications of meta-analysis studies is to respond to these hypotheses and remove controversies; therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of lavender on labor pain in Iran by using meta-analysis. Methods. In this study, to find published articles electronically from 2006 to 2019, the published articles in national and international databases of SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDoc, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (ISI) were used. Heterogenic index between studies was determined by Cochrane test (Q)c and I2. Due to heterogeneity, the random effects model was used to estimate standardize difference of the mean score of lavender test in order to assess the labor pain between intervention and control group. Results. In this meta-analysis and systematic review, finally 13 eligible articles met the inclusion criteria of the study. The sample size from original studies enrolled in the meta-analysis entered in the intervention group was 794 individuals and in the control group was 795 individuals. Mean score for pain in the control group was 7.2 ± 0.42 and in the intervention group was 5.4 ± 0.58 and this difference was statistically significant p ≤ 0.001 . Conclusion. The results of this study showed that lavender can reduce labor pain, which can be considered by health policy makers and gynecologists.

Attendance Logging In Webserver Using Multi Node Embedded System Connected Through Wi-Fi

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bilal
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Risc Processor ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
The Embedded System ◽  
Distributed Measurement ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control

In the present age, we are in need of fully automated attendance logging system. The design of Remote Attendance Logging System and its control is a challenging part.  RFID reader reads the RFID tag, and the details of the tag is logged in the embedded system. The Web based distributed measurement and control is slowly replacing parallel architectures due to its non-crate architecture which reduces complexities. A new kind  of expandable, distributed large attendance logging system based on ARM Cortex M3  boards has been investigated and developed in this paper, whose hardware boards use 32-bit RISC processor with wifi dongle attached to its USB port, and software platform use Keil MDK-ARM for firmware and   HTML for man machine interface.  This system can display date and time of log in and log out of a person. The data can be displayed on web pages at different geographical locations, and at the same time can be transmitted to a Remote Data Acquisition System by using HTTP protocol.  The embedded board can act as a central CPU to communicate between web servers automatically.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Penerimaan Dan Mutasi Barang Pada PDAM Tirta Kerta Raharja

Sensi Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-246
Author(s):  
Ilamsyah Ilamsyah ◽  
Yulianto Yulianto ◽  
Tri Vita Febriani
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Visual Modeling ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Web Based System ◽  
The Web

The right and appropriate system of receiving and transferring goods is needed by the company. In the process of receiving and transferring goods from the central warehouse to the branch warehouse at PDAM Tirta Kerta Raharja, Tangerang Regency, which is currently done manually is still ineffective and inaccurate because the Head of Subdivision uses receipt documents, namely PPBP and mutation of goods, namely MPPW in the form of paper as a submission media. The Head of Subdivision enters the data of receipt and mutation of goods manually and requires a relatively long time because at the time of demand for the transfer of goods the Head of Subdivision must check the inventory of goods in the central warehouse first. Therefore, it is necessary to hold a design of information systems for the receipt and transfer of goods from the central warehouse to a web-based branch warehouse that is already database so that it is more effective, efficient and accurate. With the web-based system of receiving and transferring goods that are already datatabed, it can facilitate the Head of Subdivision in inputing data on the receipt and transfer of goods and control of stock inventory so that the Sub Head of Subdivision can do it periodically to make it more effective, efficient and accurate. The method of data collection is done by observing, interviewing and studying literature from various previous studies, while the system analysis method uses the Waterfall method which aims to solve a problem and uses design methods with visual modeling that is object oriented with UML while programming using PHP and MySQL as a database.

A Proposal of Ajax Framework for Web-based Supervisory and Control Systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 130 (12) ◽  
pp. 2276-2285
Author(s):  
Shintaro Yanagihara ◽  
Akira Ishihara ◽  
Toshinao Ishii ◽  
Junichi Kitsuki ◽  
Kazuo Seo
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Web Based ◽  
And Control ◽  
Ajax Framework

Equity in Telemedicine for Older Adults During the Covid-19 Pandemic (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihong Kuang ◽  
Guojun Zeng ◽  
Yunbo Nie ◽  
Yan Cai ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
West China Hospital ◽  
West China ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Online Treatment ◽  
Treatment Disparities

UNSTRUCTURED The COVID-19 pandemic spurred unprecedented progress on a paradigm shift to telemedicine to limit exposure to the virus. Telemedicine has many benefits. In the West China Hospital of Sichuan University, we use it to do COVID-19 related tele-educations to health professionals and general population, tele-diagnosis, online treatment and internet-based drug prescription and delivery. However, at our practices, we are noticing that many older adults could not make appointment with doctors due to their difficulty using the internet-based platform. We worried that older adults who need healthcare the most are not well prepared for this rapid change. We need to pay attention to avoid causing treatment disparities for vulnerable older adults 60 years of age and over. Researchers and policy makers should work together to study effective strategies and make proper policies to mitigate barriers older adults face when using telemedicine.

scholarly journals Quantifying Media Effects, Its Content, and Role in Promoting Community Awareness of Chikungunya Epidemic in Bangladesh

Epidemiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Mst. Marium Begum ◽  
Osman Ulvi ◽  
Ajlina Karamehic-Muratovic ◽  
Mallory R. Walsh ◽  
Hasan Tarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Media Outlet ◽  
And Control

Background: Chikungunya is a vector-borne disease, mostly present in tropical and subtropical regions. The virus is spread by Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitos and symptoms include high fever to severe joint pain. Dhaka, Bangladesh, suffered an outbreak of chikungunya in 2017 lasting from April to September. With the goal of reducing cases, social media was at the forefront during this outbreak and educated the public about symptoms, prevention, and control of the virus. Popular web-based sources such as the top dailies in Bangladesh, local news outlets, and Facebook spread awareness of the outbreak. Objective: This study sought to investigate the role of social and mainstream media during the chikungunya epidemic. The study objective was to determine if social media can improve awareness of and practice associated with reducing cases of chikungunya. Methods: We collected chikungunya-related information circulated from the top nine television channels in Dhaka, Bangladesh, airing from 1st April–20th August 2017. All the news published in the top six dailies in Bangladesh were also compiled. The 50 most viewed chikungunya-related Bengali videos were manually coded and analyzed. Other social media outlets, such as Facebook, were also analyzed to determine the number of chikungunya-related posts and responses to these posts. Results: Our study showed that media outlets were associated with reducing cases of chikungunya, indicating that media has the potential to impact future outbreaks of these alpha viruses. Each media outlet (e.g., web, television) had an impact on the human response to an individual’s healthcare during this outbreak. Conclusions: To prevent future outbreaks of chikungunya, media outlets and social media can be used to educate the public regarding prevention strategies such as encouraging safe travel, removing stagnant water sources, and assisting with tracking cases globally to determine where future outbreaks may occur.

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