scholarly journals Qualitative study on Bhutanese patients’ perceptions of modern, Sowa Rigpa, and local medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hosoda
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Holistic Treatment ◽  
Sowa Rigpa ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

Abstract Modern society has seen a rapid shift toward biomedicalization. However, there is now an increasing trend of using complementary and alternative medicine for holistic treatment. Bhutan promotes the physical, mental, and spiritual well-being of its citizens through its universal healthcare system, production of herbal medicines, Buddhist practices, and governmental policy of Gross National Happiness. Patients can choose one or a combination of modern, traditional (Sowa Rigpa), and local healing practices for treatment. For this study, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted among randomly-selected patients (N = 20). Interviewees were categorized based on demographics, past medical experiences, upbringings, and expectations for medical care providers. All participants were found to rely on modern medicine (n = 20), many used traditional medicine (n = 13), and some had experienced local medicine (n = 9). Only a fraction had solely relied on modern medicine (n = 5) and a select number relied on all three practices for treatment (n = 7). In addition to determining patients' reliance on one or a combination of healing practices, this study identified their perceptions of the strengths and limitations of each method. To this end, the participants' reasonings for relying on certain practices over others for particular ailments were investigated. A key finding was that patients believe the flexibility in the reliance of one or multiple treatment types optimize their health and facilitate access to medical resources. Further collaborations between modern medical practitioners and complementary and alternative medical care providers are necessary to advance the integration of these three practices and ensure patient well-being. Key messages Bhutan provides universal health coverage to access basic public health services in both modern and traditional medicine, giving patients the freedom to choose their own modes of treatment. Referrals and communication between modern medical practitioners and complementary and alternative medical care providers are necessary to ensure patient health and well-being.

The Special Perils of Being Old and Sick in Prison

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 276-284
Author(s):  
William J. Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Constitution ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Access To Medical Care

The United States Supreme Court declared in 1976 that deliberate indifference to the serious medical needs of prisoners constitutes the unnecessary and wanton infliction of pain…proscribed by the Eighth Amendment. It matters not whether the indifference is manifested by prison doctors in their response to the prisoner’s needs or by prison guards intentionally denying or delaying access to medical care or intentionally interfering with treatment once prescribed—adequate prisoner medical care is required by the United States Constitution. My incarceration for four years at the Oakdale Satellite Prison Camp, a chronic health care level camp, gives me the perspective to challenge the generally promoted claim of the Bureau of Federal Prisons that it provides decent medical care by competent and caring medical practitioners to chronically unhealthy elderly prisoners. The same observation, to a slightly lesser extent, could be made with respect to deficiencies in the delivery of health care to prisoners of all ages, as it is all significantly deficient in access, competencies, courtesies and treatments extended by prison health care providers at every level of care, without regard to age. However, the frailer the prisoner, the more dangerous these health care deficiencies are to his health and, therefore, I believe, warrant separate attention. This paper uses first-hand experiences of elderly prisoners to dismantle the tale that prisoner healthcare meets constitutional standards.

scholarly journals Ethno-medicinal Plants Used by the People of Nawalparasi District, Central Nepal

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bhattarai ◽  
R.P. Chaudhary ◽  
R. SL Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
The People ◽  
Plant Collection ◽  
Management Approaches

Despite new advances in modern medicine, the cultural use of plant in traditional medicine continues from ancient time to this day all over the world. The present research seeks to explore ethnomedicinal plants used by the local people of Nawalparasi district for primary healthcare. Local healers were interviewed regarding the detail uses of plants. When convenient a jungle or forest walk was also conducted, accompanying local healers for plant collection and detailed information gathering. A rich and unique diversity of 94 ethnomedicinal plant species belonging to 49 families under 86 genera were documented. In Nawalparasi, the expense of modern medical treatment combined with the poor economic status of indigenous people and a strong belief in the traditional medicine and traditional medical practitioners are the main reasons for the persistence of the traditional healing system. In addition, we have also documented a lack of continuation and flow of indigenous knowledge from the elders to the younger generation. Youth tend to be attracted by the wave of modernization and do not appreciate the importance of conservation of traditional knowledge. The use of plants in Nawalparasi is an old tradition and the exploration of such unique cultures should be completed thoroughly so that the oral traditions are not lost forever. Immediate conservation and management approaches of valuable medicinal plants with the involvement of local indigenous people of Nawalparasi district will encourage the sustainable conservation of both biological and cultural diversity.Key words: Traditional medicine; Local healers; Healthcare; Conservation; NawalparasiDOI: 10.3126/on.v7i1.2555Our Nature (2009) 7:82-99

scholarly journals Preserving traditional medical knowledge through modes of transmission: A post-positivist enquiry

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Adekannbi ◽  
Wole M. Olatokun ◽  
Isola Ajiferuke
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Medical Practitioners

Background: In Nigeria, most rural communities lack access to orthodox medical facilities despite an expansion of orthodox health care facilities and an increase in the number of orthodox health care providers. Over 90% of Nigerians in rural areas thus depend wholly or partly on traditional medicine. This situation has led to a call for the utilisation of Traditional medical practitioners in primary-healthcare delivery. Hence, the persistence of the knowledge of traditional medicine, especially in the rural communities where it is the only means of primary health care, has been a concern to information professionals.Objectives: This study investigated the role which the mode of transmission plays in the preservation of traditional medical knowledge.Method: A post-positivist methodology was adopted. A purposive sampling technique was used to select three communities from each of the six states in South-Western Nigeria. The snowball technique was used in selecting 228 traditional medical practitioners, whilst convenience sampling was adopted in selecting 529 apprentices and 120 children who were not learning the profession. A questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale, key-informant interviews and focus-group discussions were used to collect data. The quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics whilst qualitative data was analysed thematically.Results: The dominant mode of knowledge transmission was found to be oblique (66.5%) whilst vertical transmission (29.3%) and horizontal transmission (4.2%) occurred much less.Conclusion: Traditional medical knowledge is at risk of being lost in the study area because most of the apprentices were children from other parents, whereas most traditional medical practitioners preferred to transmit knowledge only to their children.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Nigel Nicholson ◽  
Nathan R. Selden
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Social Standing ◽  
Late Archaic ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Professionalism Training ◽  
Ancient Greek Medicine

The Introduction explores how the study of ancient Greek medicine can be of help to modern medical practitioners and other professionals as well as patients in navigating the complex arena of personal health and contemporary medical care. A history that focuses on scientific advances is rejected in favor of a history that focuses on issues of rhetoric, including professionalism, training, self-definition, and social standing. These issues can be accessed through the study of ancient statuary, monuments, poetry, and other writings. While ancient and modern medicine share a variety of elements and attitudes, they are also different in significant ways, meaning that the medicine of the late archaic Greek period will appear strange as well as familiar to modern observers. The introduction also provides a preview of each of the coming chapters and how they contribute to a broader and deeper understanding of the rhetoric of medicine and its practice in the modern world.

An approach to Illnessess by Traditional Medicine of Bhutan: An Introduction

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Jigme Singye
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Medical Text ◽  
Visual Diagnosis ◽  
Sowa Rigpa ◽  
Modern Technologies

Depending on the different ailments, various diagnostic tools like laboratory tests, X-ray, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imagery, and computerized topography scan are used in modern medicine. However, in Bhutanese traditional medicine the method of diagnosis is based on the medical text of Sowa-Rigpa, the ancient practices involving physical examination, questioning, pulsation, palpation and analysis of excretion. These enduring techniques of diagnosis use no modern technologies. The system has been practised in Bhutan for hundreds of years and has been officially establishment in 1967. Insights of this article are compiled from the Buddhist medical text and oral transmission of senior physicians. We discuss diagnosis in three categories namely, visual (Ta-Wa), touch (Reg-Pa) and questioning (Dri-Wa). Visual diagnosis mainly investigates the urine, physical appearance and the tongue. Touch, reading the pulse through which the physician diagnose illnesses. Questioning about the signs and symptoms of the illnesses and past medical history.

Clinical trials — the personal perspective of the research physician?

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
Maria Y. Egorova ◽  
Irina A. Shuvalova ◽  
Olga I. Zvonareva ◽  
Igor D. Pimenov ◽  
Olga S. Kobyakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
To Receive

Background. The organization of clinical trials (CTs) requires the participation and coordination of healthcare providers, patients, public and private parties. Obstacles to the participation of any of these groups pose a risk of lowering the potential for the implementation of CTs. Researchers are a key human resource in conducting of CT. Their motivation for participation can have a significant impact on the recruitment and retention of patients, on the quality of the data collected, which determines the overall outcome of the study. Aims to assess the factors affecting the inclusion of Russian physicians-researchers in CT, and to determine their role in relations with patients-participants. Materials and methods. The study was organized as a part of the Russian multicenter face-to-face study. A survey was conducted of researchers from 10 cities of Russia (20172018). The participation in the survey for doctors was anonymous and voluntary. Results. The study involved 78 respondents. Most research doctors highly value the importance of research for science (4,84 0,39), society (4,67 0,46) and slightly lower for participating patients (4,44 0,61). The expectations of medical researchers are related to improving their financial situation and attaining new experience (n = 14; 18,18%). However, the opportunity to work with new technologies of treatment and diagnosis (n = 41; 52,56%) acted as a motivating factor. According to the questionnaire, the vast majority of research doctors (n = 29; 37,18%) believe that the main reason for patients to participate in CT is to receive quality and free medical care. The most significant obstacle to the inclusion of participants in CT was the side effects of the study drug (n = 38; 48,71%). Conclusions. The potential of clinical researchers in Russia is very high. The patient-participant acts for the research doctor as the subject of the study, and not the object, so the well-being of the patient is not indifferent to the doctor. However, the features of the functioning of our health care system form the motivation of doctors-researchers (additional earnings, professional self-development) and the way they perceive the motivation of patients (CT as an opportunity to receive quality medical care).

Level of use and public awareness in consumption of traditional medicines in work area of Health Center Gombong I

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Naelaz Zukhruf Wakhidatul Kiromah ◽  
Tri Cahyani Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
Minor Ailments

Indonesia has 20,000 types of plants where 300 species have been used as traditional medicines. The use of traditional medicine as an alternative treatment in Indonesia that has been used by both rural and urban communities. The use of traditional medicine is considered safer than modern medicine. The purpose of this study was to identify the level of use of traditional medicine and public awareness in the use of traditional medicine in work area of  Health Center Gombong 1 which consists of 5 villages. This research is a non-experimental and descriptive research that uses a questionnaire. Respondents who participated in this study were 140 people. The characteristics of respondents who participated in this study were the majority of men (50,71%), last educated of elementary school (41,43%), as housewives (27,86%). The majority of people in work area of Health Center Gombong choose treatment with modern medicine (64,29%). In addition there are 35,71% using traditional medicine and the majority use rhizome species (46%) for the treatment of minor ailments. In this study also showed that the majority of people do not know the safety of traditional medicines (50%) due to lack of information so that information is needed on the benefits and safety and the use of good and appropriate traditional medicines.

Health and Medicine in the Islamic Tradition

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-90
Author(s):  
Dennis Michael Warren
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
Medical Tradition ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The late Dr. Fazlur Rahman, Harold H. Swift Distinguished Service Professor of Islamic Thought at the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, has written this book as number seven in the series on Health/Medicine and the Faith Traditions. This series has been sponsored as an interfaith program by The Park Ridge Center, an Institute for the study of health, faith, and ethics. Professor Rahman has stated that his study is "an attempt to portray the relationship of Islam as a system of faith and as a tradition to human health and health care: What value does Islam attach to human well-being-spiritual, mental, and physical-and what inspiration has it given Muslims to realize that value?" (xiii). Although he makes it quite clear that he has not attempted to write a history of medicine in Islam, readers will find considerable depth in his treatment of the historical development of medicine under the influence of Islamic traditions. The book begins with a general historical introduction to Islam, meant primarily for readers with limited background and understanding of Islam. Following the introduction are six chapters devoted to the concepts of wellness and illness in Islamic thought, the religious valuation of medicine in Islam, an overview of Prophetic Medicine, Islamic approaches to medical care and medical ethics, and the relationship of the concepts of birth, contraception, abortion, sexuality, and death to well-being in Islamic culture. The basis for Dr. Rahman's study rests on the explication of the concepts of well-being, illness, suffering, and destiny in the Islamic worldview. He describes Islam as a system of faith with strong traditions linking that faith with concepts of human health and systems for providing health care. He explains the value which Islam attaches to human spiritual, mental, and physical well-being. Aspects of spiritual medicine in the Islamic tradition are explained. The dietary Jaws and other orthodox restrictions are described as part of Prophetic Medicine. The religious valuation of medicine based on the Hadith is compared and contrasted with that found in the scientific medical tradition. The history of institutionalized medical care in the Islamic World is traced to awqaf, pious endowments used to support health services, hospices, mosques, and educational institutions. Dr. Rahman then describes the ...

Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional oleh Etnis Sangihe di Kepulauan Sangihe Bagian Selatan, Sulawesi Utara (The Usage of Traditional Medicinal Plants by Sangihe Ethnic in the Southern Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Chrisye Yustitia Pelokang ◽  
Roni Koneri ◽  
Deidy Katili
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Families

Abstrak Tumbuhan obat merupakan tumbuhan yang menghasilkan satu atau lebih komponen aktif yang dipercaya oleh penduduk berkhasiat obat sehingga dimanfaatkan dalam pengobatan tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkaji spesies tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional oleh Etnis Sangihe di Kepulauan Sangihe bagian Selatan, Sulawesi Utara. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terstruktur  yang diajukan kepada pengobat tradisional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya 38 spesies dari 25 famili tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai tumbuhan obat oleh Etnis Sangihe bagian Selatan. Herba merupakan habitus tumbuhan yang banyak dimanfaatkan untuk bahan pengobatan. Bagian tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan sebagai obat yaitu daun. Cara pengolahan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah direbus. Jenis penyakit yang dapat diobati dengan tumbuhan obat sebanyak 22 jenis penyakit. Kata kunci: tumbuhan obat, obat tradisional, habitus, Kepulauan Sangihe Bagian Selatan Abstract             Medicinal plants are plants that produce one or more active components that are believed by local people as medicinal plants for traditional medicine practices. This study aimed to identify and to assess the plant species that used as traditional medicine by the Sangihe Ethnic in the Southern Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi. Data collection was conducted by structured interviews to the indigenous medical practitioners. The results showed that 38 plant species from 25 plant families were used as medicinal plants by the Southern Sangihe Ethnic people. Herbs were plant habitus that were widely used for medicinal ingredients. The leaves were widely used as medicinal plant materials. Boiling was the most processing method for preparing medicinal herbs. There were 22 types of diseases that could be treated using medicinal plants. Keywords: medicinal plants, traditional medicine, habitus, Southern Sangihe Islands

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