scholarly journals Age and sex dependent changes of free circulating blood metabolite and lipid abundances, correlations and ratios

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Di Cesare ◽  
Claudio Luchinat ◽  
Leonardo Tenori ◽  
Edoardo Saccenti
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Membrane Bilayer ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Pairwise Correlations ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract In this study we investigated how the concentrations, pairwise correlations, and ratios of 202 free circulating blood metabolites and lipids vary with age in a panel of n=1882 subjects ranging from 48 to 94 years. We report a statistically significant sex-dependent association with age of a panel of metabolites and lipids involving, in women cohort, linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, and carnitine, and, in men sub-group, monoacylglycerols and lysophosphatidylcholines. Evaluating the association of correlations among metabolites and/or lipids with age, we found that phosphatidylcholines correlations tend to have a positive trend associated with age in women, and monoacylglycerols and lysophosphatidylcholines correlations tend to have a negative trend associated with age in men. The association of ratio between molecular features with age reveals that the ratio between decanoyl L-carnitine and lysophosphatidylcholine in women have a negative association with age, while the ratios between L-carnitine, L-acetylcarnitine, and phosphatidylcholines in men have a positive association with age. These results suggest an age-dependent remodeling of lipid metabolism that induces changes in cell membrane bilayer composition and cell cycle mechanisms. Furthermore, we conclude that lipidome is directly involved in this age-dependent differentiation. Our results demonstrate that, using a comprehensive approach to aging focused on the changes of concentrations and relationships thereof, as expressed by their correlations and ratios, it is possible to obtain relevant information about metabolic dynamics associated with age.

Perceived Overprotection and Its Association With Quality of Life in Dementia

GeroPsych ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Mechthild Niemann-Mirmehdi ◽  
Andreas Häusler ◽  
Paul Gellert ◽  
Johanna Nordheim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Patient Autonomy ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract. To date, few studies have focused on perceived overprotection from the perspective of people with dementia (PwD). In the present examination, the association of perceived overprotection in PwD is examined as an autonomy-restricting factor and thus negative for their mental well-being. Cross-sectional data from the prospective DYADEM study of 82 patient/partner dyads (mean age = 74.26) were used to investigate the association between overprotection, perceived stress, depression, and quality of life (QoL). The analyses show that an overprotective contact style with PwD has a significant positive association with stress and depression, and has a negative association with QoL. The results emphasize the importance of avoiding an overprotective care style and supporting patient autonomy.

Domestic Integration and Suicide in the Provinces of Canada

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoon A. Leenaars ◽  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Marriage Rates ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The Social ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Over Time

Canada's rate of suicide varies from province to province. The classical theory of suicide, which attempts to explain the social suicide rate, stems from Durkheim, who argued that low levels of social integration and regulation are associated with high rates of suicide. The present study explored whether social factors (divorce, marriage, and birth rates) do in fact predict suicide rates over time for each province (period studied: 1950-1990). The results showed a positive association between divorce rates and suicide rates, and a negative association between birth rates and suicide rates. Marriage rates showed no consistent association, an anomaly as compared to research from other nations.

scholarly journals Can Anhedonia Be Considered a Suicide Risk Factor? A Review of the Literature

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonanni ◽  
Gualtieri ◽  
Lester ◽  
Falcone ◽  
Nardella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum

Background and Objectives: At present, data collected from the literature about suicide and anhedonia are controversial. Some studies have shown that low levels of anhedonia are associated with serious suicide attempts and death by suicide, while other studies have shown that high levels of anhedonia are associated with suicide. Materials and Methods: For this review, we searched PubMed, Medline, and ScienceDirect for clinical studies published from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2018 with the following search terms used in the title or in the abstract: “anhedonia AND suicid*.” We obtained a total of 155 articles; 133 items were excluded using specific exclusion criteria, the remaining 22 articles included were divided into six groups based on the psychiatric diagnosis: mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), other diagnoses, attempted suicides, and others (healthy subjects). Results: The results of this review reveal inconsistencies. Some studies reported that high anhedonia scores were associated with suicidal behavior (regardless of the diagnosis), while other studies found that low anhedonia scores were associated with suicidal behavior, and a few studies reported no association. The most consistent association between anhedonia and suicidal behavior was found for affective disorders (7 of 7 studies reported a significant positive association) and for PTSD (3 of 3 studies reported a positive association). In the two studies of patients with schizophrenia, one found no association, and one found a negative association. For patients who attempted suicide (undiagnosed), one study found a positive association, one a positive association only for depressed attempters, and one a negative association. Conclusions: We found the most consistent positive association for patients with affective disorders and PTSD, indicating that the assessment of anhedonia may be useful in the evaluation of suicidal risk.

scholarly journals Maternal Sociodemographic Factors and Antenatal Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6812
Author(s):  
Maheshwari Andhavarapu ◽  
James Orwa ◽  
Marleen Temmerman ◽  
Joseph Wangira Musana
Keyword(s):  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Biological Stress ◽  
Antenatal Stress

Antenatal stress has been associated with adverse birth outcomes such as fetal growth restriction, low birth weight, and preterm birth. Understanding key determinants of stress in a vulnerable pregnant population has the potential of informing development of targeted cost-effective interventions to mitigate against these adverse birth outcomes. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from 150 pregnant women attending antenatal care services at a rural referral hospital in Kenya. The participants completed a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, the Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and gave a hair sample for cortisol and cortisone analysis. The association between selected sociodemographic predictors (age, parity, marital status, maternal education, household income, polygyny, and intimate partner violence) and outcomes (hair cortisol, hair cortisone, and PSS score) was examined using univariate, bivariate and multivariate models. We found a negative association between PSS scores and household income (β = −2.40, p = 0.016, 95% CI = −4.36, −0.45). There was a positive association of the ratio of hair cortisone to cortisol with Adolescent age group (β = 0.64, p = 0.031, 95% CI = 0.06, 1.22), and a negative association with Cohabitation (β = −1.21, p = 0.009, 95% CI = −2.11, −0.31). We conclude that household income influenced psychological stress in pregnancy. Adolescence and cohabitation may have an influence on biological stress, but the nature of this effect is unclear.

Digital Dewaxing of Raman Signals: Discrimination between Nevi and Melanoma Spectra Obtained from Paraffin-Embedded Skin Biopsies

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 564-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Tfayli ◽  
Cyril Gobinet ◽  
Valeriu Vrabie ◽  
Regis Huez ◽  
Michel Manfait ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Raman Signal ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Skin Biopsies

Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most severe tumor affecting the skin and accounts for three quarters of all skin cancer deaths. Raman spectroscopy is a promising nondestructive tool that has been increasingly used for characterization of the molecular features of cancerous tissues. Different multivariate statistical analysis techniques are used in order to extract relevant information that can be considered as functional spectroscopic descriptors of a particular pathology. Paraffin embedding (waxing) is a highly efficient process used to conserve biopsies in tumor banks for several years. However, the use of non-dewaxed formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues for Raman spectroscopic investigations remains very restricted, limiting the development of the technique as a routine analytical tool for biomedical purposes. This is due to the highly intense signal of paraffin, which masks important vibrations of the biological tissues. In addition to being time consuming and chemical intensive, chemical dewaxing methods are not efficient and they leave traces of the paraffin in tissues, which affects the Raman signal. In the present study, we use independent component analysis (ICA) on Raman spectral images collected on melanoma and nevus samples. The sources obtained from these images are then used to eliminate, using non-negativity constrained least squares (NCLS), the paraffin contribution from each individual spectrum of the spectral images of nevi and melanomas. Corrected spectra of both types of lesion are then compared and classified into dendrograms using hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA).

Does the Length of the Cooling-off Period Affect Audit Quality?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Mattocks ◽  
Ting-Chiao Huang ◽  
Robyn Moroney ◽  
Ashna Lata Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Audit Quality ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Unintended Consequence ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Period Length ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Client Characteristics ◽  
Multiple Measures ◽  
Client Knowledge

This paper examines the association between the length of the cooling-off period and audit quality: (1) when partners rotate back and (2) during the cooling-off period, ahead of an extension to the minimum cooling-off period requirement in Australia. Using multiple measures of audit quality, we find some evidence of a positive association between the cooling-off period length and audit quality when partners rotate back, yet evidence of a negative association between the two, during the cooling-off period. We also find that auditor and client characteristics-such as partner busyness, client knowledge, geographic proximity, and client importance-play important roles in determining the cooling-off period length and whether a partner rotates back onto a client. Overall, we provide timely evidence that extending the cooling-off period only marginally enhances audit quality when a partner rotates back onto a client, and evidence of an unintended consequence of this policy during the cooling-off period.

scholarly journals Analysis of brain atrophy and local gene expression in genetic frontotemporal dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Altmann ◽  
David M Cash ◽  
Martina Bocchetta ◽  
Carolin Heller ◽  
Regina Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Gene Set ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Cortical Regions

Abstract Frontotemporal dementia is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neuronal loss in the frontal and temporal lobes. Despite progress in understanding which genes are associated with the aetiology of frontotemporal dementia, the biological basis of how mutations in these genes lead to cell loss in specific cortical regions remains unclear. In this work, we combined gene expression data for 16 772 genes from the Allen Institute for Brain Science atlas with brain maps of grey matter atrophy in symptomatic C9orf72, GRN and MAPT mutation carriers obtained from the Genetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative study. No significant association was seen between C9orf72, GRN and MAPT expression and the atrophy patterns in the respective genetic groups. After adjusting for spatial autocorrelation, between 1000 and 5000 genes showed a negative or positive association with the atrophy pattern within each individual genetic group, with the most significantly associated genes being TREM2, SSBP3 and GPR158 (negative association in C9Orf72, GRN and MAPT respectively) and RELN, MXRA8 and LPA (positive association in C9Orf72, GRN and MAPT respectively). An overrepresentation analysis identified a negative association with genes involved in mitochondrial function, and a positive association with genes involved in vascular and glial cell function in each of the genetic groups. A set of 423 and 700 genes showed significant positive and negative association, respectively, with atrophy patterns in all three maps. The gene set with increased expression in spared cortical regions was enriched for neuronal and microglial genes, while the gene set with increased expression in atrophied regions was enriched for astrocyte and endothelial cell genes. Our analysis suggests that these cell types may play a more active role in the onset of neurodegeneration in frontotemporal dementia than previously assumed, and in the case of the positively associated cell marker genes, potentially through emergence of neurotoxic astrocytes and alteration in the blood–brain barrier, respectively.

scholarly journals HLA class II antigens and haplotypes associated with susceptibility of leukemias and myelodysplastic syndrome

Genetika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vojvodic ◽  
Dusica Ademovic-Sazdanic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Hla Antigens ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Hla Class Ii ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Class Ii Antigens

Genetical and environmental factors play an interactive role in the development of acute and chronic leukemias. HLA antigens have been considered as possible genetic risk factors. The aim of this work was to investigate a possible association between HLA class II polymorphisms and leukemias and myelodysplastic syndrome. In the present study we investigated HLA class II antigens, DR/DQ and DR51/DR52/DR53 haplotypes in 100 patients: 7 suffering from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS),37 from acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),32 from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 24 from chronic myeloid leukemia(CML). A panel of 210 healthy unrelated individuals of the same origin, from Vojvodina, served as controls. HLA phenotyping was performed by two color fluorescence method. In patients suffering from MDS was found a positive association with DR7(RR=2.598,EF=0.175) and DQ7(3)(RR=4.419, EF=0.632), while negative association was found for DR15(2)(RR=0.405, PF=0.172) and DQ6(1) (RR=0.889, PF=0,936).Positive association was found in the group of patients with ALL for DR7(RR=2.391,EF=0.688) and DQ2(RR=1.62, EF=0.15),while negative association was found with DQ5(1)(RR=0.075, PF=0.324). In the group of patients with AML, there were positive associations with DR11(5)(RR=1.732,EF=0.211),DQ2(RR= 1.594, EF=0.151) and DQ7(3) (RR=2.547,EF=0.266),while possible protective antigen was DQ5(1) (RR=0.107,RF=0.701). Higher RR than 1 and EF>0.15, in patients suffering from CML was found for DQ6(1)(RR=1.661,EF=0.232), while negative association was found for DR4 (RR=0.182,PF=0.155).Possible protective haplotype in this study was DR3DQ8(3) for patients suffering from AML(RR=0.007, PF=0.501).The distribution of DR53-DR53 haplotypes showed significant difference in male patients with ALL(6% vs 0.09%), while DR52-DR52 haplotype was significantly less frequent in male patients with CML (4% vs 20.47%) and female patients with MDS (1% vs 18.57%), respectively, in comparison to controls. We deduced that DR7 antigen in male patients with ALL has the greatest impact to the higher frequency of DR53-DR53 haplotype in this type of leukemia. The role of HLA antigens as risk factors for development of leukemias in our population was shown and furthermore it could be useful in clinical practice.

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIATION AND SELECTION CRITERIA FOR SEED YIELD RELATED TRAITS IN RAPE SEED (Brassica napus L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
S. Parveen Parveen ◽  
M. H. Rashid Rashid ◽  
M. S. R. Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Rape Seed ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability

The field experiment was conducted to estimate the genetic variability and correlation between yield contributing traits using 15 rape seed genotypes. The results indicated that the phenotypic variance for all the characters was considerably higher than the genotypic variance denoting little influence of environmental factors on their expression. Characters like 1000-seed weight (12.39, 14.10), days to 50% flowering (18.36, 18.77) and days to maturity (4.63, 5.06) showed low genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation. Moderate genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed in number of primary branches per plant (20.22, 22.16), length of siliqua (20.84, 20.97), number of seeds per siliqua (30.90, 33.06), number of siliquae per plant (49.34, 49.81) and yield per plant (34.36, 39.98) and high genotypic (67.00) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (68.57) was observed for number of secondary branches per plant. Plant height (85.98%, 30.89), 1000 seed weight (77.14%, 22.41), days to 50% flowering (95.66%, 20.35) and days to maturity (83.85%, 7.82) showed high heritability with low genetic advance which indicated the possibility of non-additive gene action. Number of primary branches per plant (83.22%, 37.99, 636.02), length of siliqua (98.83%, 42.68, 1084.42), number of seeds per siliqua (87.40%, 59.52, 424.22), number of siliqua per plant (98.15%, 100.71, 178.83) and yield per plant (73.87%, 60.84, 4539.97) showed high heritability with high genetic advance and high genetic advance in percentage of mean revealed the possibility of predominance of additive gene effects. Number of primary branches per plant had showed highly significant positive association with number of secondary branches per plant (rg=0.597, rp= 0.537) and yield per plant (rg=0.43). Days to 50% flowering showed significant positive association with seeds per siliqua (rg=0.492; rp=0.436), 1000 seed weight (rg=0.486; rp=0.472) and yield per plant (rg=0.438; rp=0.379). Length of siliqua manifested highly significant positive association with siliqua per plant (rg=0.571; rp=0.514) and significant negative association with yield per plant (-0.471) at genotypic level. Siliqua per plant had highly significant negative association at both genotypic and phenotypic level with yield per plant (-0.697; -0.525) but 1000 seed weight had highly significant positive association with yield per plant both genotypic and phenotypic level (0.893; 0.814). The results of the path analysis revealed that 1000 seed weight (0.766) had the maximum direct effect and the maximum negative direct effect was observed in seeds per siliqua (0.305). In summary, the results suggested that there were some yield related traits such as 1000 seed weight and days to 50% flowering could be selected and used in breeding program for increasing the grain yield of rapeseed.

scholarly journals STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS DAN ASOSIASI LAMUN (Seagrass) DI PERAIRAN PANTAI RUA PULAU TERNATE PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riyadi Subur
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Cymodocea Rotundata

AbstrakLamun (Seagrass) merupakan salah satu ekosistem penting diwilayah pesisir yangberperan penting baik secara ekologis dan ekonomis. Keberadaan lamun mendukungkehidupan berbagai jenis biota laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis-jenislamun yang berada di perairan pantai Rua, Mengetahui kepadatan, pola sebaran,keanekaragaman jenis, dan dominansi serta asosiasi antara spesies. Penelitian ini dilakukandengan metode garis transek dan kuadrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4jenis lamun di perairan pantai Rua yang terdiri dari Cymodocea rotundata, Enhalusacoroides, Halodule pinifolia dan Thalassia hemprichii. T. hemprichii adalah jenis dengankepadatan tertinggi di perairan Rua yaitu 16,70 ind/m2, serta E. acoroides, memilikikepadatan terendah yakni 5,77 ind/m2. Jenis lamun yang ditemukan di lokasi penelitianseluruhnya memiliki pola sebaran mengelompok dengan keanekaragaman yangdikategorikan rendah yaitu sebesar 1,32, serta indeks dominasi sebesar 0,27. Tipe asosiasilamun di lokasi penelitian yaitu asosiasi positif (+), serta asosiasi negatif (-).Kata Kunci. Struktur Komunitas, Asosiasi, lamun.AbstractSeagrass is a important ecosystems coastal region that is important both ecologically andeconomically . The seagrass supports of various marine life. This study to propose identify thespecies of seagrasses in coastal waters in Rua, Knowing the density, distribution pattern,species diversity, and dominance as well as associations between species. This study wasconducted using line transect and kuadrats. The results showed that there are 4 species ofseagrass in Rua consisting of Cymodocea rotundata , Enhalus acoroides , pinifolia Haloduleand Thalassia hemprichii . T. hemprichii is highest density (16.70 ind/m2), and E. acoroides ,which has the lowest density (5.77 ind/m2). Species seagrass found in the research area allhave clumped distribution patterns are categorized with diversity low at 1.32 , and dominanceindex at 0.27. Type association of seagrass in the location studies is positive association ( + )and negative association ( - ).Key Words:community structur, association, seagrass

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