Family Proximity as a Moderator of Spousal Associations of Depression among Mexican Older Adults

Abstract Depression among older adults is a public health issue, and a large literature highlights the importance of close relationships as both a risk and protective factor for depression. Research in U.S. samples suggests that one spouse’s depressive symptoms can increase their partner’s depressive symptoms, especially for women (Kouros & Cummings, 2010; Tower & Kasl, 1996). Little is known about interpersonal associations in depression, mitigating factors, and the role of gender among older couples in Mexico. This study examined (1) the effects of an individual’s depressive symptoms on their spouse’s symptoms and 2) whether living close to family buffered depression associations using data from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (n=4,071 dyads, age 50+ at initial interview). Depressive symptoms were measured in 2001, 2003, 2012, 2015, and 2018 using a modified 8-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale. Multilevel modeling was used to fit a dual-intercept growth model (centered at 2012) of husbands’ and wives’ depressive symptoms over time, controlling for age and education. Results showed a partner effect for husbands and wives, such that having a spouse with greater depressive symptoms in 2001 was associated with greater subsequent depressive symptoms, but not with rate of change in symptoms, in 2012. There was also a moderation effect such that the deleterious effect of husbands’ depressive symptoms on wives’ symptoms, as well as rate of increase in symptoms, was higher when family lived nearby, suggesting family may potentially exacerbate depression associations among spouses rather than a buffering them as hypothesized.

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Age Paradox: Depressive Symptomatology For Older Men and Women in Taiwan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-605253/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ching-Ju Chiu ◽

Chun-Yu Tsai ◽

Tsung-Yu Tsai

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Social Participation ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Depressive Symptomatology ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Advanced Age ◽

Men And Women ◽

Factors Associated

Abstract Background: To discern if prevalence of depressive symptoms in adults aged 65 and above in Taiwan changed during the past decade and to identify if protective and risk factors of depressive symptomatology differ by gender. Method: Data of nationally representative older adults (65+) interviewed from the 2005, 2009 and 2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) in Taiwan was analyzed (n=8,832). The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used for the measurement of depressive symptomatology. Results: Age adjusted prevalence rate of depressive symptomatology among older adults in Taiwan reduced from 20.6% to 13.3% (X2=-7.5, p<.05) in the community. The most significant factors associated with higher depressive symptomatology in both gender was too much carbohydrates intake, which was significantly associated with 8.8 (95%CI=5.1-15.2) and 7.9 (95%CI=5.2-11.8) times depressive symptomatology in men and women respectively. Factors associated with lower depressive symptomatology in both gender include advanced age (over the age of 85), exercise and social participation. The advanced age for men and women reduced about 63% (AOR over the age of 85=0.4, 95%CI=0.2-0.9) and 62% (AOR over the age of 85=0.4, 95%CI=0.2-0.8) of depressive symptomatology for men and women respectively; Exercise reduced about 50% (AOR exercise=0.5, 95%CI=0.3-0.6) and 58% (AOR exercise=0.5, 95%CI=0.3-0.6) of depressive symptomatology for men and women respectively; social participation reduced about 55% (AOR social participation=0.5, 95%CI=0.3-0.7) and 36% (AOR social participation=0.6, 95%CI=0.5-0.9) of depressive symptomatology for men and women respectively.Conclusions: For adults aged over 65, advanced age, which is 85+ for men and 75+ for women, is a significant protective factor guarding against depressive symptoms. Carbohydrates, cognitive disorder, heart disease and falls were associated with higher depressive symptomatology in both gender. The pulmonary disease, underweight and educational level were risk factors for men; metabolic disease and milk intake were risks for women. Common factors associated with lower depressive symptomatology in both gender includes advanced age, exercise and social participation. Tea and coffee intake and married status were associated with lower depressive symptomatology for women.

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Creative Hobbies as a Protective Factor Against Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.051 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 14-14

Author(s):

Sarah Israel ◽

Darby Mackenstadt ◽

Carolyn Adams-Price

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Health Anxiety ◽

Well Being ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Moderation Effect ◽

Middle Aged Adults ◽

High Degree

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically impacted our way of life, leading to increased rates of anxiety and depression (Panchal et al., 2021). The implications may be worse for older adults who account for 80% of all COVID deaths (Freed et al., 2020). Meanwhile, prior to the pandemic, Adams-Price and colleagues (2018) found that creative hobby participation provided slightly different benefits for middle-aged and older adults. Specifically, evidence suggested that middle-aged adults may use their creative hobby more for stress relief than older adults. Using a sample of 239 women, aged 40 to 84 years old (M = 59.7), we examined whether the degree to which viewing one’s creative hobby as a component of one’s identity related to perceived stress, health anxiety, and depressive symptoms. In addition, we wanted to know whether these relationships were moderated by age. Single moderation models suggest that viewing one’s creative hobby as a part of their identity was related to higher health anxiety and reporting more depressive symptoms. In addition, age was related to reporting lower perceived stress, health anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Lastly, age provided a significant moderation effect to the relationship between degree of identity associated with one’s creative hobby and perceived stress such that middle-aged adults with a high degree of identification with their creative hobby reported the most perceived stress while older adults with a high degree of identification with their creative hobby reported the least perceived stress. Implications for older adult’s well-being and adaptiveness to the COVID-19 pandemic will be discussed.

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Relationship Between Physical Activity, Depressive Symptoms and Low Back Pain Related Disability in Older Adults With Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Mediation Analysis

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2019-0077 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 686-691

Author(s):

Fabianna R. de Jesus-Moraleida ◽

Paulo H. Ferreira ◽

Juscelio P. Silva ◽

André G.P. Andrade ◽

Rosangela C. Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Short Version ◽

Low Back ◽

Cross Sectional

Low back pain (LBP) can be less disabling in those who are physically active. This study analyzed the association between physical activity (PA)- and LBP-related disability in older people with LBP, exploring if this association was mediated by depressive symptoms. The authors analyzed the relationship between PA levels and disability using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire, respectively, collected at baseline from the Brazilian Back Complaints in the Elders study. The authors investigated depressive symptoms as a mediator of this association using the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. PA was inversely associated with disability. This association was smaller when considering the indirect effect through depressive symptoms. Thus, depressive symptoms partially mediated the association between PA and disability in older adults with LBP, and higher levels of PA were associated with less depressive symptoms and disability.

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Evidence of Bidirectional Associations Between Depressive Symptoms and Body Mass Among Older Adults

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gbz022 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (8) ◽

pp. 1689-1698 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Charles F Emery ◽

Deborah Finkel ◽

Margaret Gatz ◽

Anna K Dahl Aslan

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Body Mass ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Change Score ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Reciprocal Relationship ◽

Bidirectional Associations ◽

Age Range ◽

Relationship Of

Abstract Objectives Body fat, measured with body mass index (BMI), and obesity are associated with depressive symptoms. Among younger adults there is stronger evidence of obesity leading to depressive symptoms than of depressive symptoms leading to obesity, but the temporal relationship is unknown among older adults. This study utilized dual-change-score models (DCSMs) to determine the directional relationship between body mass and depressive symptoms among older adults. Method Participants (n = 1,743) from the Swedish Twin Registry (baseline age range 50–96 years) completed at least one assessment of BMI (nurse measurement of height and weight) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CESD). More than half the sample completed 3 or more assessments, scheduled at intervals of 2–4 years. DCSMs modeled the relationship of BMI and CESD across age, both independently and as part of bivariate relationships. Results Depressive symptoms contributed to subsequent changes in BMI after age 70, while BMI contributed to subsequent changes in depressive symptoms after age 82. Thus, there is a reciprocal relationship that may change with age. The effect was more pronounced for women. Discussion The association of BMI and depressive symptoms is bidirectional among older adults, and it appears to be affected by both age and sex.

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DASH and Mediterranean-Dash Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diets Are Associated With Fewer Depressive Symptoms Over Time

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glaa044 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 151-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laurel Cherian ◽

Yamin Wang ◽

Thomas Holland ◽

Puja Agarwal ◽

Neelum Aggarwal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Late Onset ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Estimating Equation ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Observational Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Over Time ◽

Mind Diet

Abstract Background Depression is common in older adults and more prevalent in those with cognitive impairment, vascular risk factors, or stroke. Nonpharmacologic strategies to reduce depression, such as diet, may be effective; however, few studies have investigated the relation. Methods A total of 709 participants (23.3% men, mean age 80.4), from an observational prospective cohort study were assessed annually for an average of 6.53 years of follow-up. Participants with missing or invalid baseline dietary evaluations or fewer than two depression assessments were excluded. Depressive symptoms were assessed with a 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. High burden of depressive symptoms was defined as the presence of four or more depressive symptoms. Diet scores were computed using a validated food frequency questionnaire for the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, Mediterranean diet, Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, and Western diets. Diet scores were modeled in tertiles. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was performed for the longitudinal analysis of depression as a binary outcome. Results Participants in the highest tertile of the DASH (β = −0.10, confidence interval [CI]: −0.20, −0.0064) and MIND (β = −0.12, CI: −0.23, −0.0092) diet scores had lower rates of depressive symptoms over time when compared to those in the respective lowest tertiles. The Western diet was positively associated with depressive symptoms over time (β = 0.093, p-trend = .05). Conclusions Diet may be effective in reducing depressive symptoms in older adults. A diet intervention trial may be needed to determine the optimal nutritional components for prevention of late onset depression.

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The Impact of Transitions in Caregiving Status on Depressive Symptoms among Older Family Caregivers: Findings from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18010042 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Kyungduk Hurh ◽

Hin Moi Youn ◽

Yoon Sik Park ◽

Eun-Cheol Park ◽

Sung-In Jang

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Family Caregivers ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Estimating Equation ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Equation Model ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

This study identifies the effects of transitions in caregiving status on depressive symptoms among middle-aged or older adults who care for family members with limitations in activities of daily living (ADL). Data were collected from the 2006–2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. A total of 7817 subjects were included. On the basis of their caregiving status transition, participants were categorized into four groups: started caregiving, continued caregiving, stopped caregiving, and noncaregivers. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 10 item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Analysis using a generalized estimating equation model and subgroup analyses were conducted. Compared to noncaregivers, women who started caregiving showed more depressive symptoms in the following year (β 0.761, p < 0.0001). Regardless of sex, older adults who continued caregiving had more depressive symptoms than noncaregivers did (β 0.616, p < 0.0277 in men, and β 1.091, p < 0.0001 in women). After relinquishing caregiving responsibilities to other caregivers, participants’ depressive symptoms in the following year showed no statistically significant difference from that of noncaregivers. Thus, starting or continuing caregiving was associated with increased depressive symptoms, and those symptoms could be normalized by stopping caregiving. Intervention strategies to reduce family caregivers’ depressive symptoms are needed.

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Type of tea consumption and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02203-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yao Yao ◽

Huashuai Chen ◽

Lele Chen ◽

Sang-Yhun Ju ◽

Huazhen Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Green Tea ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Nationwide Survey ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Tea Consumption ◽

Chinese Older Adults

Abstract Background Existing research indicates that tea drinking may exert beneficiary effects on mental health. However, associations between different types of tea intake and mental health such as depression have not been fully examined. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of green tea, fermented tea, and floral tea consumption with depressive symptoms. Methods We used data from the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, a nationwide survey on older adults in mainland China. A total of 13,115 participants (mean age 83.7 years, 54.2% were women) with valid responses were included in the analysis. The type (green, fermented [black, Oolong, white, yellow, dark, and compressed teas], and floral) and the frequency of tea consumption were recorded, and depressive symptoms were assessed using 10-item of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10). We examined the associations between the type and the frequency of tea intake and depression, controlling for a set of demographic, socioeconomic, psychosocial, behavioral, and health-related variables. Results Overall, intakes of green tea, fermented tea, and floral tea were all significantly associated with lower prevalence of depressive symptoms, independent of other risk factors. Compared with the group of no tea intake, the adjusted ORs of depressive symptoms for daily green tea, fermented tea, and floral tea intake were 0.85 (95% CI: 0.76–0.95), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.76–0.99), and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.59–0.82), respectively. Linear associations were observed between the frequencies of all three types of tea intake and depressive symptoms (P < 0.05 for trends for all three types). The associations of the type and the frequency of tea intake and depressive symptoms were robust in several sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Among Chinese older adults, regularly consumed any type of tea (green, fermented, or floral) were less likely to show depressive symptoms, the associations seemed more pronounced among floral tea and green tea drinkers.

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Depressive Symptoms: The Interaction between Rumination and Self-Reported Insomnia

Depression Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2015/150828 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Monique Malmberg ◽

Junilla K. Larsen

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Short Version ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Moderation Effect ◽

Athens Insomnia Scale

Objective. Prior research has found consistent support that rumination and insomnia are important risk factors for depressive symptoms. The aim of the present cross-sectional study is to examine the interaction between these two previously well-established risk factors (i.e., rumination and insomnia) in the explanation of depressive symptoms.Design. A total of 417 participants (277 women) with a mean age of 39 (SD = 17.59; range 18–85) completed a cross-sectional survey.Main Outcome Measures. Participants filled out the Response Rumination Scale, the Athens Insomnia Scale, and the short version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale.Results. It was predicted and found that self-reported insomnia moderated the relationship between rumination and depressive symptoms. We found that particularly participants who reported higher levels of rumination as well as insomnia had the highest depressive symptoms.Conclusion. This study is the first to suggest that particularly individuals exhibiting both self-reported insomnia and higher levels of rumination also report higher levels of depressive symptoms. Health professionals screening for mental problems should be aware of this specific combination of insomnia and rumination. Explanations for this moderation effect were discussed in light of study’s limitations.

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Change in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parallel change in depressive symptoms in Dutch older adults

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-18-0187 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 179 (4) ◽

pp. 239-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Liset E M Elstgeest ◽

Elisa J de Koning ◽

Ingeborg A Brouwer ◽

Natasja M van Schoor ◽

Brenda W J H Penninx ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Population Based ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Time Points ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Parallel Change ◽

Lower Baseline ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Objective Previous prospective studies on the association between vitamin D status and depression used a single 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) measurement. We investigated the association between change in serum 25(OH)D and parallel change in depressive symptoms over time in Dutch older adults. Design A population-based, prospective study in two cohorts of older men and women from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Methods Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were determined at two time points: in 1995/1996 and 13 years later in the older cohort (aged 65–88y, n = 173) and in 2002/2003 and 6 years later in the younger cohort (55–65 years, n = 450). At these time points, depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D). Associations were tested by multiple linear regression analyses. Results During follow-up, serum 25(OH)D concentrations increased in 32.4% of the older cohort and in 69.8% of the younger cohort. In the older cohort, change in 25(OH)D was not associated with change in CES-D score. In the younger cohort, no associations were observed in participants with higher baseline 25(OH)D concentrations (>58.6 nmol/L), but in those with lower baseline 25(OH)D concentrations, an increase in 25(OH)D was associated with a decrease in CES-D score (adjusted B per 10 nmol/L 25(OH)D increase: −0.62 (95% CI: −1.17, −0.07)). Conclusions Our study suggests that over 6 years, an increase in serum 25(OH)D is associated with a small decrease in depressive symptoms in young older adults with lower baseline 25(OH)D. Well-designed intervention trials are required to determine causality.

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Intergenerational Relationships, Social Support, and Psychological Well-Being Among Korean Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.1172 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 302-302

Author(s):

Janet Wilmoth ◽

Yooumi Lee

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Adult Child ◽

Intergenerational Relationships ◽

Well Being ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Older Parents

Abstract Using longitudinal data from the 2006 to 2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, this study explores depression trajectories among individuals who are 60 or older with at least one living adult child at baseline. We estimated linear growth curve models of depression trajectories separately for married, unmarried and widowed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Results indicate that declining health and recent widowhood are positively related to depressive symptoms. Satisfactory intergenerational relationships and social support in the form of caregiving decrease depressive symptoms of older parents, especially among the widowed. Having at least one son and a first-born daughter positively impact psychological well-being of older parents. A son was particularly important for those who are widowed. We conclude that the psychological benefits of intergenerational relationships and social support are contingent upon the vulnerability of Korean older adults and discuss the implications for public policy.

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