scholarly journals PERSONAL GROWTH AFTER GRAY DIVORCE: A LONGITUDINAL VIEW ON THE DISSOLUTION OF LONG-TERM MARRIAGES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S617-S617
Author(s):  
Claudia Recksiedler ◽  
Katharina Loter ◽  
Oliver Arránz Becker ◽  
Pasqualina Perrig-Chiello
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Marital Dissolution ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sexual Infidelity ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Going through a divorce is one of the most stressful life events across the life course with far-reaching ripple effects for individuals’ physical, mental, and often financial well-being. For some individuals, however, coping with marital dissolution and adapting to new social roles may lead to considerable gains in their reorientation in life and stimulate their personal development. This is captured in the concept of personal growth, which has been studied primarily in the context of becoming widowed, and through a cross-sectional lens. In our study, we track trajectories of personal growth after ending a long-term marriage of at least 15 years. We focus on divorce among adults in their second half of life because rates of grey divorce have been on the rise since the 1980s, yet longitudinal research on personal growth after marital dissolution remains sparse. We further examine whether trajectories of personal growth vary by gender, SES, reasons of divorce (e.g., sexual infidelity or drifted apart), and social support. Data stem from a Swiss panel on intimate relationships and marital dissolution among long-term married individuals conducted between 2012 and 2016 (N = 530). Random-effects group-specific growth curve models yielded similar—and slightly decreasing—trajectories of personal growth for divorced women and men over time. However, highly significant gender differences indicated that women showed higher levels of personal growth over the whole observation period. Because gender differences seemed to be fueled by social capital rather than economic assets, we discuss these results through the lens of a linked-lives perspective.

scholarly journals LONG-TERM COSTS OF GRANDPARENT CAREGIVING: RESULTS FROM THREE WAVES OF THE MIDLIFE IN THE UNITED STATES STUDY (MIDUS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S797-S798
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Rickenbach ◽  
Elizabeth H Rickenbach ◽  
Chih-Chien Huang ◽  
Jessica Y Allen ◽  
Kelly E Cichy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grandparent Caregiving

Abstract Cross-sectional studies reveal the health burden of grandparent caregiving. Still, longitudinal, research is needed to understand how grandparent caregiving compromises grandparents’ long-term health. Using three waves of data from the Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS), we examined sociodemographic factors, health and well-being outcomes between caregiving (CG) and non-caregiving (NCG) grandparents. By wave 3, 12.8% (n = 234) were CG. CG were younger, more likely female, and had lower income and education. MANCOVA adjusted for age, gender, education, and number of children revealed CG reported poorer physical and emotional well-being (e.g. higher depression, anxiety, lower life satisfaction, greater morbidity); CG were consistently less healthy than NCG across all three waves. Lower income and less healthy older adults are more likely to become grandparents, and they remain less healthy over time. Policies and resources to assist grandparents, particularly low-income and vulnerable older adults who are caring for grandchildren, are needed.

scholarly journals Education and social support: do migrants benefit as much as natives?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Brandt ◽  
Kyra Selina Hagge
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Support Providers ◽  
Appraisal Support ◽  
Migration Experiences ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Education and having access to social support play a vital role in the human life. Integrated and better-educated people demonstrate an increased personal health and well-being. Social isolation, on the contrary, can affect not only the personal development, but also pertains to society. These topics are especially relevant in the current migration debate. Our paper examines the link between schooling and the individuals’ probability to receive different types of social support, in particular emotional, instrumental, informational, and appraisal support. Using logit and ordinal logit regressions on cross-sectional micro-data provided by the SOEP, we distinguish between two subgroups, the native population and people who migrated to Germany. Our findings confirm that higher levels of education increase the probability to access social support as well as the number of support providers in the network. Migrants are disadvantaged when it comes to the access of social support. However, our results suggest no significant negative returns to education for people with migration experiences.

scholarly journals Development of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire among a sample of people who have consumed psilocybin or LSD

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112096787
Author(s):  
Alan K Davis ◽  
Frederick S Barrett ◽  
Sara So ◽  
Natalie Gukasyan ◽  
Thomas C Swift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes

Background: Several measures have been developed to examine acute psychedelic effects (e.g. mystical-type and challenging experiences), but no measure assesses acute psychologically insightful experiences that may occur during psychedelic experiences. Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire. Method: A cross-sectional survey study among psilocybin and LSD users. Respondents ( n=1661; Mage=22.9, standard deviation=8.5; Caucasian/White=83%; non-Hispanic=91%; men=72%; United States resident=66%) completed an Internet-based survey. Results: The Psychological Insight Questionnaire consists of 23 items with two subscales: (a) Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and (b) Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights. Construct validity of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire was supported by strong correlations of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores with the insight subscale of the Session Impacts Scale, and weak-to-moderate correlations with the Mystical Experiences and Challenging Experiences Questionnaires. Furthermore, Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores were moderately-to-strongly correlated with retrospectively reported increases in psychological flexibility, and well-being/life satisfaction that were attributed to a memorable psychedelic experience. Lastly, incremental validity was established showing that the Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights subscale) scores predict unique variance in changes in psychological flexibility, and Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores predict changes in well-being and life satisfaction, beyond measures of acute mystical-type and challenging effects. Conclusions: The Psychological Insight Questionnaire has the potential to extend the understanding of the acute and enduring effects of psychedelics. Further longitudinal research is necessary to determine the long-term predictive validity of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire and to examine the role of psychological insight in predicting therapeutic outcomes.

scholarly journals Family Variables and Quality of Life in Children with Down Syndrome: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Anna Lee ◽  
Kathleen Knafl ◽  
Marcia Van Riper
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Family Variables

The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the family and child quality of life variables that have been studied in relation to one another in children with Down syndrome, the frequency with which different relationships have been studied, and the extent to which family variables were the focus of the research aims. A literature search was conducted to find studies published between January 2007 and June 2018. The initial search yielded 2314 studies; of these, 43 were selected for a final review. Researchers most often addressed family resources and family problem-solving and coping concerning child personal development and physical well-being. Little attention to child emotional well-being was observed, with none considering family appraisal of child emotional well-being. The relationship between family variables and child QoL rarely was the primary focus of the study. Methodologically, most reviewed studies used cross-sectional designs, were conducted in North America and based on maternal report. From future research considering the issues found in this review, healthcare providers can obtain an in-depth understanding of relationships between children and family variables.

scholarly journals Stigma and Discrimination on People Living with HIV (PLHIV): a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khotibul Umam ◽  
Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Well Being ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Family Approach ◽  
Research Bias ◽  
The Family

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a global health problem that is almost recorded in every country. The long-term and long-term negative impacts of HIV cases are stigma and discrimination in people with HIV (PLHIV). The purpose of this study is to find out the stigma and discrimination felt by PLHIV.Method:This study design of systematic review from 4 electronic databases namely Scopus ScienceDirect, Sage and ProQuest by using keywords tailored to Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) including "Stress", "covid", "nursing", "hospital". This study uses PICOS framework to prevent research bias and analysed using descriptive analysis.Results:The results of the analysis of the article showed from 761 articles have been identified title, abstract and full-text so that recorded 15 articles that can be reviewed. The article consists of various designs, namely RCT, cross sectional and qualitative studies. Analysis shows that stigma and discrimination are social phenomena that manifest in several social areas.Conclusion:Stigma and discrimination in people with HIV (PLHIV) is still common, stigma is carried out by the wider community to their own families. The family approach is necessary to improve well-being as well as improve the social community of the family.

A Disruption in Personal Development: Using Appreciative Inquiry During the Pandemic to Identify Aspirations and Inspire Action

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Wendi Lord
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Device ◽  
Appreciative Inquiry ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Change ◽  
Self Service ◽  
Device Technology

During the pandemic, individuals became isolated and often unemployed, compounding the need for affordable, self-service content that facilitates personal growth and well-being. A journey of personal change which reinforces Appreciative Inquiry’s wholeness principle is being developed in a program that guides users in identifying aspirations and inspiring action towards them. Learners use mobile device technology to practice positive cognition and flourish.

scholarly journals Related Variables of Behavioral and Emotional Problems and Personal Growth of Hospitalized Children’s Siblings: Mothers’ and Other Main Caregivers’ Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 004695801878705
Author(s):  
Kazuteru Niinomi ◽  
Minae Fukui
Keyword(s):  
Child Behavior ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scale Scores

The psychological well-being of the siblings of hospitalized children is at risk. This study examined the variables related to siblings’ internalizing problems and personal growth during hospitalization from the perspectives of mothers and other main caregivers who temporarily assumed the main caregiver role to the siblings of hospitalized children in place of mothers in the period of children’s hospitalization. A cross-sectional, exploratory survey conducted in Japan examined 113 mothers’ and 90 other main caregivers’ perspectives regarding the psychological state of 2- to 18-year-old siblings of hospitalized children. Mothers and/or other main caregivers of siblings during their brothers’ or sisters’ hospitalization completed the Child Behavior Checklist and the Siblings’ Personal Growth Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed with Child Behavior Checklist internalizing problems and total Siblings’ Personal Growth Scale scores as dependent variables for mothers’ and caregivers’ perspectives. From mothers’ perspectives, environmental factors that change with hospitalization affected siblings. From the perspectives of the other main caregivers, children’s and families’ demographic factors affected siblings’ psychological state. Frequency of e-mail contact between mothers and siblings, explanation of the hospitalized child’s condition, and hospital visitation rules ( F = 5.88, P = .001) explained 12.3% of variance in mothers’ Siblings’ Personal Growth Scale scores. Among other main caregivers, 11.6% of variance in the Child Behavior Checklist scores was explained by hospitalized children’s birth order and main caregiver’s prehospitalization residence ( F = 5.51, P = .006). Results suggest that the perceived variables related to siblings’ psychological changes differ between mothers and other main caregivers.

scholarly journals Health-Related Quality of Life Among Long-Term Rectal Cancer Survivors With an Ostomy: Manifestations by Sex

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (28) ◽  
pp. 4664-4670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Krouse ◽  
Lisa J. Herrinton ◽  
Marcia Grant ◽  
Christopher S. Wendel ◽  
Sylvan B. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Purpose Intestinal stomas can pose significant challenges for long-term (≥ 5 years) rectal cancer (RC) survivors. Specifying common challenges and sociodemographic or clinical differences will further the development of tailored interventions to improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Patients and Methods This was a matched cross-sectional study of long-term RC survivors conducted in three Kaiser Permanente regions. The mailed questionnaire included the modified City of Hope Quality of Life-Ostomy (mCOH-QOL-Ostomy) and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, version 2 (SF-36v2). Groups surveyed were permanent ostomates (cases) and those who did not require an ostomy (controls). RC survivors were matched on sex, age, and time since diagnosis. Comparisons between groups used regression analysis with adjustment for age, comorbidity score, history of radiation therapy, income, and work status. Results Response rate was 54% (491 of 909). Cases and controls had similar demographic characteristics. On the basis of the mCOH-QOL-Ostomy, both male and female cases had significantly worse social well-being compared with controls, while only female cases reported significantly worse overall HRQOL and psychological well-being. For younger females (< age 75 years), ostomy had a greater impact on physical well-being compared with older females. Based on the SF-36v2, statistically significant and meaningful differences between female cases and controls were observed for seven of the eight scales and on the physical and mental component summary scores. Conclusion Men and women report a different profile of challenges, suggesting the need for targeted or sex-specific interventions to improve HRQOL in this population. This may include focus on physical HRQOL for female ostomy survivors younger than age 75.

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