8. Cop cultures

This chapter critically examines the concept of cop culture, that is, the world view and perspectives of police officers. It considers the core characteristics of police culture portrayed in empirical studies at many different places and times, relating them to the danger and authority associated with the police role. It then discusses the themes of mission, hedonistic love of action, and pessimistic cynicism that characterize policework and how they relate to other facets of cop culture such as suspicion, isolation/solidarity, and conservatism. Finally, it analyses variations in cop culture and in organizational culture. The fundamental argument is that the structural features of the police role in liberal democratic societies generate tensions and the cultural perspectives that enable police to cope with them, although these have negative features reflecting the fundamental patterns of social injustice and inequality.

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Social Work in the Anthropocene

Practical and Political Approaches to Recontextualizing Social Work - Advances in Human Services and Public Health ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-6784-5.ch013 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 241-254

Author(s):

Jim Ife

Keyword(s):

Social Work ◽

Political Institutions ◽

World View ◽

Human Flourishing ◽

Community Based ◽

Western Modernity ◽

Liberal Democratic ◽

Democratic State ◽

The World ◽

And Control

The reality of the Anthropocene hangs over our heads as we enter the 2020s. Humanity is facing multiple crises, and it has become clear that political and government structures are incapable of dealing with them adequately and equitably. We are seeing the erosion of the liberal democratic state and its institutions, the appeal of populism, mistrust both of politicians and of political institutions, and powerful interests responding by increasing surveillance, secrecy, and control. The Anthropocene also challenges the anthropocentrism that has been taken for granted in the world view of Western modernity, but is proving to be unsustainable and indeed harmful to human and non-human flourishing. This presents a new set of challenges for social work, if it is to remain relevant to the needs of the society, and also to remain true to its value base. This chapter argues that social work needs to explore and adopt theory/practice that is community-based, political, anarchistic, decolonised, matriarchal, and grounded in an ecological epistemology that is both Indigenous and post-human.

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New Outlines of Structural Sociology, 1945–70

Mind and Society ◽

10.1093/oso/9780199495986.003.0008 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 63-85

Author(s):

J.P.S. Uberoi

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

Scientific Theory ◽

World View ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Point Of View ◽

Home Rule ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

The Individual ◽

Indian Point

This chapter presents a discussion of international intellectual trends in the social sciences, theoretical and empirical studies in India, the question of independence of mind or home rule in intellectual institutions. Following the swarajist project outlined earlier of viewing Europe and its systems of knowledge and practices from an independent Indian point of view, this chapter is in effect a research outline for a new structural sociology in India. We are introduced to structuralism as it exists in the world, its scope and definition and as a methodology for the social sciences. This is followed by the approach to structuralism as scientific theory, method and as philosophical world view. Finally discusses are the principles of structural analysis, structuralism in language, literature and culture, in social structure, with regard to society and the individual, religion, philosophy, politics, sociology and social-anthropology.

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Christian sports coaches and servant leadership

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching ◽

10.1177/1747954120951768 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 174795412095176

Author(s):

Don Vinson ◽

Andrew Parker

Keyword(s):

Servant Leadership ◽

World View ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Sociocultural Factors ◽

Competitive Sport ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

The World ◽

Challenging Environment ◽

Sports Coaches ◽

Sports Coaching

The world of competitive sport can present a challenging environment for Christian athletes and coaches. The culture of competitive sport, and particularly the attitude to winning, can cause athletes and coaches to question how their Christian faith should shape participation and/or whether they should participate at all. Few empirical studies have explored how Christian coaches frame their practice to align with their faith and reconcile the potential contradictions and challenges of coaching within competitive sporting environments. That said, there has been a recent increase in the number of studies exploring the potential relationship between sports coaching and the concept of servant leadership – a framework which is commensurate with a Christian world view. The aim of this paper is to contribute to these debates by presenting empirical evidence to explore the philosophies, intended practices and sociocultural factors influencing how Christian coaches sought to lead in competitive sporting environments. One hundred and ten coaches (female = 24, male = 86) completed an online qualitative questionnaire which explored their beliefs about leadership and coaching practice. This paper considers the ways in which Christian coaches’ might seek to frame their leadership behaviours within the context of competitive sport and how their approaches might align, or otherwise, with the theoretical tenets of servant leadership.

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Directed Motivational Currents (DMCs) in Self-directed Language Learning: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Journal of language and Education ◽

10.17323/jle.2021.12856 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 201-212

Author(s):

Ismail Xodabande ◽

Esmat Babaii

Keyword(s):

Second Language Acquisition ◽

Language Learning ◽

Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Phenomenological Analysis ◽

Language Learner ◽

Positive Emotionality ◽

The Core ◽

Mobile Assisted Language Learning ◽

Core Characteristics

Directed Motivational Currents (DMCs) postulated as a novel motivational construct in second language acquisition (SLA) research to explain periods of intense and enduring behavior in pursuit of a highly valued goal or vision. Nonetheless, much of the discussion related to this new motivational phenomenon has remained theoretical, and only a limited number of empirical studies have investigated its various dimensions in language learning. The current qualitative study employed interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to explore a period of intense motivation experienced by an Iranian language learner in self-directed and mobile assisted language learning. The findings provided further empirical evidence for the triggering stimulus and the core characteristics of DMCs in terms of goal/vision orientedness, a salient facilitative structure, and positive emotionality in explaining the essence and the universal meaning of the phenomenon experienced by the participant of the current study.

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Police-public interactions: a grid-group cultural theory perspective

Policing An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management ◽

10.1108/pijpsm-03-2013-0023 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 144-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kim Loyens ◽

Jeroen Maesschalck

Keyword(s):

Conceptual Framework ◽

Police Officers ◽

Cultural Theory ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Ethnographic Study ◽

Police Culture ◽

Content Type ◽

The Public ◽

Professional Groups ◽

Culture Model

Purpose – The police culture literature suggests that police officers’ attitude towards the public is characterised by suspicion and an “us-vs-them” mentality. It also refers to the moral mission of protecting the public by being tough on crime. The traditional police culture model seems to imply that these aspects are typical for the police. There is, however, a lack of empirical studies to test this proposition. The purpose of this paper is to propose a different conceptual framework, based on grid-group cultural theory (GGCT), which not only broadens the lens of the police culture model, but also allows for comparative research between different professional groups. Design/methodology/approach – The newly developed conceptual framework is tested in an ethnographic study in the Belgian police and labour inspection. The main data collection methods are observation, interview and informal conversation. Findings – The results of this study show that there are similarities in the way in which Belgian police officers and labour inspectors interact with the public, which raises interesting questions concerning the (often implicit) claim of the police culture literature concerning the specificity of police culture. Research limitations/implications – More research is needed to gain deeper insight into similarities and differences of the occupational culture in the police and comparable professional groups. GGCT offers a useful conceptual framework for such a research agenda. Originality/value – This paper addresses a number of criticisms against the classic police culture model and provides an innovative perspective to not only study aspects of police culture, but also compare the police with other professions.

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Scientific communication

Journal of Education Culture and Society ◽

10.15503/jecs20172.5.8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 5-8

Author(s):

Aleksander Kobylarek

Keyword(s):

Science Communication ◽

Scientific Communication ◽

The Core ◽

Successful Communication ◽

Communication Processes ◽

The World ◽

The Right ◽

Core Characteristics ◽

Communication In Science

The article tackles the problem of models of communication in science. The formal division of communication processes into oral and written does not resolve the problem of attitude. The author defines successful communication as a win-win game, based on the respect and equality of the partners, regardless of their position in the world of science. The core characteristics of the process of scientific communication are indicated , such as openness, fairness, support, and creation. The task of creating the right atmosphere for science communication belongs to moderators, who should not allow privilege and differentiation of position to affect scientific communication processes.

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Verbalization of Nomadic Culture in Yakut Fairytales

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski ◽

10.31648/pw.3210 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 253-262

Author(s):

Maria Tomskaya

Keyword(s):

World View ◽

Cattle Breeding ◽

Core Element ◽

The Road ◽

The Core ◽

Initiation Rite ◽

The World ◽

Nomadic People ◽

Key Events

The paper presents a linguocultural study of some aspects of nomadic culture, which are reflected in the texts of the fairytales of the Yakuts. The analysis of Yakut fairytales reveals that their storylines are often centered around the concept of the road – the core element of nomadic culture. The road is viewed as transition, both physical and metaphorical, from the ordinary world to the world of magic. This is the place where the key events of fairytales usually happen. Furthermore, the rites and customs of nomadic people, including the initiation rite, the wedding rite, the traditional holiday of the Yakut horse herders (ysyakh), the horse worship, etc., are represented in the texts of Yakut fairytales. They correspond to the world view of the nomadic Turkic peoples, based on the worship of nature. Nomadic cattle breeding has determined the lifestyle of the Yakuts for many centuries. It resulted in the formation of the principles of life based on archaic mythological concepts – hero, horse, alaas, serge, ysyakh, etc.

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Narrative Building for Comprehensive National Security of Pakistan

Global Strategic and Securities Review ◽

10.31703/gsssr.2021(vi-i).05 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol VI (I) ◽

pp. 38-46

Author(s):

Shabnam Gul ◽

Muhammad Faizan Asghar ◽

Zara Qurban

Keyword(s):

National Security ◽

World View ◽

The State ◽

Think Tanks ◽

National Narrative ◽

National Narratives ◽

Contemporary World ◽

Cultural Perspectives ◽

The World ◽

Security Concerns

The debate about building a national narrative for the state of Pakistan could be seen among academia, think tanks and media personnel for the last few years. It is believed that 'national narratives' help project the world-view of a nation, which is considered important in the contemporary world. The paper in hand pleads that narrative-building is a delicate exercise, which needs a major intellectual effort. Narratives encompass the ideological, historical, socio-economic and cultural perspectives of any nation. Pakistan is a State which had the narrative beforehand the inception of the state. The paper argues that there is a need to constitute a 'Committee of top academics, intellectuals and religious scholars of the country', who should deliberate and build a comprehensive national narrative, allinclusive in approach and leaving out no segment of the society. Meanwhile, the paper presents a few recommendations, which proffer some measures to address the prevailing security concerns.

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Introduction

10.1093/oso/9780192893765.003.0001 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-22

Author(s):

Rosalind Dixon ◽

David Landau

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Liberal Democracy ◽

Steady Increase ◽

International Human Rights ◽

The Core ◽

Liberal Democratic ◽

True Purpose ◽

The World ◽

International Human ◽

Democratic Norms

This introduction frames the two trends that are at the core of this book: the triumph of liberal democratic constitutional discourse and the erosion of democracy. Liberal democratic designs, doctrines, and concepts have diffused easily around the world. These norms are promoted by a thick network of actors, and link to other thriving communities such as international human rights. But the rhetorical triumph of liberal democracy has not resulted in a steady increase in democracy—instead, recent years have seen stagnation and backsliding. This seeming paradox is explained by the ease with which liberal democratic ideas can be repurposed to serve anti-democratic ends. Reliance on liberal democratic institutions for anti-democratic moves may conceal their true purpose and make both domestic and international audiences less willing or able to formulate a critique. Furthermore, many liberal democratic norms are double-edged swords that can readily be used to attack rather than protect democracy.

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The Practice of the “Inclusive Care Policy” of Mohism

Sinología hispánica ◽

10.18002/sin.v1i6.5487 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (6) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Manuel Herranz Martín

Keyword(s):

World View ◽

Font Size ◽

Care Policy ◽

The Core ◽

Universal Love ◽

The World

This paper aims at contextualizing historically some parts of the Mò biàn, the dialectical part of the Mòzǐ, attributed to the later mohist school or Neo-Mohism. We will try to get a deeper understanding of two texts by linking them with the world view and circumstances of the time.Before going into those texts, first we will briefly review some aspects of today´s interpretation of the Mohist doctrine and compare the experience of the Mohism in China with its Western counterparts, the Cynic and Stoic Schools of Thought, since both shared Cosmopolitanism at the core of their doctrines. We will conclude that the circumstances preventing the implementation of Cosmopolitanism or the Universal Love policy as proposed by the mohists have been removed by the globalization allowing the possibility of this policy to be carried out.

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