scholarly journals Long Limbless Locomotors Over Land: The Mechanics and Biology of Elongate, Limbless Vertebrate Locomotion

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Henry C Astley
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Locomotor Control ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
And Control ◽  
Limbless Locomotion ◽  
Real World Problems

Synopsis Elongate, limbless body plans are widespread in nature and frequently converged upon (with over two dozen independent convergences in Squamates alone, and many outside of Squamata). Despite their lack of legs, these animals move effectively through a wide range of microhabitats, and have a particular advantage in cluttered or confined environments. This has elicited interest from multiple disciplines in many aspects of their movements, from how and when limbless morphologies evolve to the biomechanics and control of limbless locomotion within and across taxa to its replication in elongate robots. Increasingly powerful tools and technology enable more detailed examinations of limbless locomotor biomechanics, and improved phylogenies have shed increasing light on the origins and evolution of limblessness, as well as the high frequency of convergence. Advances in actuators and control are increasing the capability of “snakebots” to solve real-world problems (e.g., search and rescue), while biological data have proven to be a potent inspiration for improvements in snakebot control. This collection of research brings together prominent researchers on the topic from around the world, including biologists, physicists, and roboticists to offer new perspective on locomotor modes, musculoskeletal mechanisms, locomotor control, and the evolution and diversity of limbless locomotion.

A Web-accessible distributed data warehouse for brain tumour diagnosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesc Estanyol ◽  
Xavier Rafael ◽  
Roman Roset ◽  
Miguel Lurgi ◽  
Mariola Mier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Tumour Diagnosis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Brain Tumour Diagnosis

AbstractCurrently, biological databases (DBs) are a common tool to complement the research of a wide range of biomedical disciplines, but there are only a few specialized medical DBs for human brain tumour magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data; they typically store a limited range of biological data (i.e. clinical information, magnetic resonance imaging and MRS data) and are not offered as open-source Structured Query Language relational DB schemas. We present a novel approach to biological DBs: a distributed Web-accessible DB for storing and managing clinical and biomedical data related to brain tumours from different clinical centres. This tool is designed for multi-platform systems with dissimilar DB management systems. Being the main data repository of the HealthAgents (HA) project, it uses multi-agent technology and allows the centres to share data and obtain diagnosis classifications from other centres distributed around the world in a reliable way.The HA project aims to create an agent-based distributed decision support system (DSS) to assist doctors to provide a brain tumour diagnosis and prognosis. The HA DB enables the DSS to totally integrate with its Graphical User Interface to perform classifications with the stored data and visualize the results using the HA distributed agents framework. This new feature converts the system presented in the first application in the world to combine a storage and management tool for brain tumour data and a complete Web-based DSS to obtain automatic diagnosis.

scholarly journals ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРОБЛЕМИ ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ НАД-ЛЕГКИХ ЛІТАКІВ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ВИМОГ СПОЖИ-ВАЧА

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Микола Васильович Нечипорук ◽  
Олена Олексіївна Поліщук ◽  
Антон Сергійович Полупан
Keyword(s):  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Aircraft Manufacturing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
And Control

The article deals with the issues of improving the methods of forming accounting for ultralight aircraft. The article provides information on the identification of ultralight aircraft according to the classification of the International Aviation Federation (IAF) and the laws of Ukraine. It is analyzed the market for ultralight aircraft , the main manufacturers of ultralight aircraft in the world are identified. It is identified the main categories of consumers of ultralight aircraft. It is highlighting the perspectives and main problems of the development of ultralight aviation in Ukraine and the world and  stages of the design of ultralight aircraft. Attention is focused on the practice of global aviation industry, which suggests that gaining new positions and supporting competitiveness of production in the market requires continuous improvement of aircraft quality and the creation of innovative technologies in the face of stringent requirements for scientific, technical, technological, organizational, economic, personnel and investment support for design and aircraft manufacturing. The solution to this problem is primarily related to the effectiveness of the steps taken by the designer, the improvement of production processes and manufacturing technology. Determined by the most promising solution to reduce economic risks and control the level of demand is to attract the customer (consumer) in the process of designing aircraft products. The research objectives are defined and solutions are proposed for improving the design quality of ultralight airplanes by introducing consumer criteria into the design process of ultralight airplanes to meet a wide range of applications. The use of the obtained solutions will allow the manufacturer to make more effective design decisions on the design of ultralight aircraft. Research will further improve the methods of forming ultra-light aircraft in the early design stages

scholarly journals Problematic Observations using Firefly Algorithm and its Variants

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Efficient Algorithm ◽  
Efficient Solution ◽  
Firefly Algorithm ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nature Inspired Algorithm ◽  
The World ◽  
Nature Inspired Algorithms ◽  
Real World Problems

Real world problems can be analyzed and solved effectively and efficiently by observing the environment and its phenomenon. We can analyze the nature of the problem by looking for a solution in the environment. The evolution of such systematic handling of the problematic scenario to find an amicable and efficient solution can be applied to real world physical problems. Thus the application of procedures (algorithms) by different species has evolved into a novel idea referred as Nature Inspired Algorithms. It has gained wider publicity and popularity in the present research. One of the most popular nature inspired algorithm which has grabbed the attention of the world is Firefly Algorithm (FA).The Firefly Algorithm has a wide range of applicability in different disciplines. We tried to compare this algorithm along with its variants. We also throw some light on various characteristics of the Firefly Algorithm that makes it a far more efficient algorithm when compared to the rest of such similar algorithms

scholarly journals Nikola Tesla and medicine: 160th anniversary of the birth of the genius who gave light to the world - part I

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 313-322
Author(s):  
Danijela Vucevic ◽  
Drago Djordjevic ◽  
Tatjana Radosavljevic
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nikola Tesla ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Biologic Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harmful Effects

Introduction. The interest in Nikola Tesla, a scientist, physicist, engineer and inventor, is constantly growing. In the millennia-long history of human civilization, it is almost impossible to find another person whose life and work has been under so much scrutiny of such a wide range of researchers, medical professionals included. Although Tesla was not primarily dedicated to biomedical research, his work significantly contributed to the development of radiology, and high frequency electrotherapy. This paper deals with the impact of Tesla?s work on the development of a new medical branch - radiology. Nikola Tesla and the Discovery of X-ray radiation. Tesla pioneered the use of X-rays for medical purposes, practically laying the foundations of radiology. Namely, since 1887, Tesla periodically experimented with X-rays, at that time still unknown and unnamed, which he called "shadowgraphs". Moreover, at the end of 1894, he conducted extensive research focusing on X-rays, but unfortunately it was interrupted after the fire burning down his laboratory in 1895. In 1896 and 1897, Tesla published ten papers on the biologic effects of X-ray radiation. All his studies on X-rays were experimental. During 1896 and 1897, Tesla continued improving X-ray devices. Apart from this, Tesla was the first to point out the harmful effects of exposure to X-ray radiation on human body. Conclusion. Nikola Tesla was a visionary genius of the future. Tesla?s pioneer steps, made more than a century ago in the domain of radiology, are still being used today.

THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 40. Portulaca oleracea L.

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 953-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIYOKO MIYANISHI ◽  
PAUL B. CAVERS
Keyword(s):  
Common Garden ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Agricultural Weed ◽  
Tropical Areas

A summary of biological data for Portulaca oleracea L. (purslane) is provided. A cosmopolitant weed throughout temperate and tropical areas of the world, purslane is a common garden and agricultural weed across southern Canada. Effective control has been obtained with a wide range of postemergent and residual herbicides.

scholarly journals BioHackathon 2015: Semantics of data for life sciences and reproducible research

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Rutger A. Vos ◽  
Toshiaki Katayama ◽  
Hiroyuki Mishima ◽  
Shin Kawano ◽  
Shuichi Kawashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Reproducible Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biomedical Data ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World

We report on the activities of the 2015 edition of the BioHackathon, an annual event that brings together researchers and developers from around the world to develop tools and technologies that promote the reusability of biological data. We discuss issues surrounding the representation, publication, integration, mining and reuse of biological data and metadata across a wide range of biomedical data types of relevance for the life sciences, including chemistry, genotypes and phenotypes, orthology and phylogeny, proteomics, genomics, glycomics, and metabolomics. We describe our progress to address ongoing challenges to the reusability and reproducibility of research results, and identify outstanding issues that continue to impede the progress of bioinformatics research. We share our perspective on the state of the art, continued challenges, and goals for future research and development for the life sciences Semantic Web.

scholarly journals Semantic Transformations of Word bomb and Its Derivatives as a Reflection of Shifts in the Linguistic Picture of World

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
E. A. Kitanina ◽  
D. S. Trukhanova
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Virtual Communication ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The World ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Russian Linguistic

The authors determine their values on the basis of the analysis of a wide range of lexicographic sources and the most frequency contexts for the use of the units in question, extracted from texts functioning in real and virtual communication. In addition, the authors turn to sociolinguistic research methods. It is shown that individual units and new meanings are poorly represented in lexicography. Cases of transformation of the connotative halo of the words under consideration are noted. It is shown that the analyzed units are characterized by diffuse semantics, wide compatibility and expressiveness, which determines their high pragmatic potential and, as a result, the high frequency of use in media texts. The authors devote considerable attention to the question of the possible reasons for the development of new semantics among the derivatives of the word bomb , considering them as a result of the influence of Anglo-American linguistic culture. Questions on the perception of new tokens by native speakers and the advisability of using these language units in different communicative situations are also raised. The analysis allows us to identify some trends in the transformation of the Russian linguistic picture of the world in the context of global processes that affect the development of Russian linguistic culture.

Enhancing the harmonisation, QA/QC, and application of riverine macroplastic monitoring data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Hurley ◽  
Marianne Olsen ◽  
David Pettersen Eidsvoll ◽  
Nina Buenaventura ◽  
Asle Økelsrud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Data ◽  
River Morphology ◽  
Common Language ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
International Demand ◽  
Single Method ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
And Control

<p>Several guidelines have been developed that describe methods for analysing riverine macroplastic flows. No single method has emerged as the standard approach for sampling plastic waste in rivers. This reflects the difficulty in establishing a global ‘one size fits all’ approach for river systems: there is significant variability in river morphology, hydrology, and geomorphology across the world and these differences necessitate adaptations of existing methods or the development of new approaches to assess macroplastic flows. In addition, there is a wide range of different potential objectives underpinning the monitoring of riverine macroplastic contamination, including assessments of plastic export, sources, transport, or accumulation. These generate different research questions, which require different solutions, and may necessitate the collection of data in different forms.</p><p>Nevertheless, there is an international demand for generating monitoring datasets that are comparable and can be used to create a holistic picture of macroplastic contamination across the globe. For the reasons listed above, harmonisation – through thorough method validation and quality assurance and control (QA/QC) – is likely to be more important than standardisation in this context. Additionally, in some cases there remains a disconnect between the types of data that are produced in monitoring activities and those which are desired by potential end users of the data. It is valuable, therefore, to increase the communicability of datasets and establish a common language for riverine macroplastic contamination. This study undertakes a critical review of existing methodologies for assessing macroplastic flows in river systems and identifies: i) what component of the macroplastic load is measured by each technique; ii) how can these methods be validated; iii) what QA/QC procedures could be implemented to increase the quality, robustness, and harmonisation of monitoring outputs; and iv) how can outputs be tailored to different uses of monitoring data.</p>

scholarly journals Fumonisin B1: A Neurotoxic Mycotoxin / Fumonizin B1: Neurotoksični Mikotoksin

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana-Marija Domijan
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Neural Origin ◽  
New Perspective

AbstractFumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp. moulds that contaminate crop, predominantly maize, all around the world. More than 15 types of fumonisins have been indentified so far, but FB1 is the most abundant and toxicologically the most significant one. FB1 has a wide range of toxic effects, depending on animal species. In horses FB1 causes equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM), in pigs pulmonary oedema and in experimental rodents nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. In humans exposure to FB1 is linked with higher incidence of primary liver cancer and oesophageal cancer, which are frequent in certain regions of the world (such as Transkei region in South Africa) where maize is staple food. The occurrence of neural tube defect in children in some countries of Central America (such as Mexico and Honduras) is connected with the consumption of FB1-contaminated maize-based food. However, possible involvement of FB1 in the development of human diseases is not clear. Nevertheless, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified FB1 as a possible carcinogen to humans (group 2B).FB1 is a causative agent of ELEM, a brain disorder in equines, indicating that brain is a target organ of FB1 toxicity. Several studies on experimental animals or on cell cultures of neural origin have established that FB1 has a neurodegenerative potential, although the mechanism of its neurotoxicity is still vague. The aim of this article is to give an overview of available literature on FB1 neurotoxicity and involved mechanisms, and to offer a new perspective for future studies.

Invasive Shot Hole Borers Euwallacea fornicatus, E. kuroshio, and E. perbrevis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Demian F. Gomez ◽  
Jiri Hulcr ◽  
Daniel Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Invasive Insects ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

Invasive species, those that are nonnative and cause economic damage, are one of the main threats to ecosystems around the world. Ambrosia beetles are some of the most common invasive insects. Currently, severe economic impacts have been increasingly reported for all the invasive shot hole borers in South Africa, California, Israel, and throughout Asia. This 7-page fact sheet written by Demian F. Gomez, Jiri Hulcr, and Daniel Carrillo and published by the School of Forest Resources and Conservation describes shot hole borers and their biology and hosts and lists some strategies for prevention and control of these pests. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr422

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