Risk Factors for NON-HPV16/18 Cervical Infections and Associated Lesions Among HPV-DNA-Negative Women Vaccinated Against HPV16/18 in the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial (CVT)

Abstract Background Factors that lead human papillomavirus (HPV) infections to persist and progress to cancer are not fully understood, especially among vaccinated women. We evaluated co-factors for acquisition, persistence and progression of non-HPV16/18 infections in a cohort of HPV-vaccinated women. Methods We analyzed 2,153 18-25-year-old women randomized to the HPV-vaccine arm of CVT. Women were HPV-DNA-negative for all types at baseline and followed for ~11 years. Acquisition was a type-specific cervical infection not present/detected at the previously scheduled visit. Persistence was a type-specific incident infection that persisted for ≥1-year with no intervening negatives. Progression of persistent incident infections to CIN2+ was based on histological findings by expert pathologists. GEE methods were used to account for correlated observations. Time-dependent factors evaluated were age, sexual behavior, marital status, hormonal-related factors, number of full-term pregnancies (FTP), smoking behavior, and baseline-BMI. Results 1,777 incident oncogenic non-HPV16/18 infections were detected in 12,292 visits (average 0.14 infections per visit). Age and sexual behavior-related variables were associated with oncogenic non-HPV16/18 acquisition. 26% of incident infections persisted for ≥1-year. None of the factors evaluated were statistically associated with persistence of oncogenic non-HPV16/18 infections. Risk of progression to CIN2+ increased with increasing age (p-trend=0.001), injectable contraceptives use [relative risk 2.61 (95%CI 1.19–5.73) ever vs. never] and increasing FTP (p-trend=0.034). Conclusion In a cohort of HPV16/18-vaccinated women, age and sexual behavior variables are associated with acquisition of oncogenic non-HPV16/18 infections, no notable factors are associated with persistence of acquired oncogenic non-HPV16/18 infections, and age, parity and hormonally-related exposures are associated with progression to CIN2+.

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The role of circumcision, tobacco, and alcohol use in genital human papillomavirus infection among men from Denmark

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/09564624211014727 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095646242110147

Author(s):

Julie B Hebnes ◽

Christian Munk ◽

Kirsten Frederiksen ◽

Hans O Joergensen ◽

Thomas Iftner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sexual Behavior ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Sex Partners ◽

Current Cigarette Smoking ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Potential Risk Factors

It is crucial to understand the natural history of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in men to prevent the increasing male HPV-related disease burden. We evaluated the associations between HPV infection and circumcision, smoking, and alcohol use after accounting for sexual behavior. The study included 2331 male personnel from Danish barracks. Penile swabs were tested for HPV DNA with a polymerase chain reaction assay, INNO-LiPA. All men completed a self-administered questionnaire providing data on potential risk factors for HPV such as lifestyle and sexual habits. Using multivariable logistic regression, associations between potential risk factors and HPV infection were estimated and expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Current cigarette smoking was associated with increased odds of HPV detection (OR = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.0–1.4), but we found no association with alcohol use in the analysis adjusted for sexual behavior. Circumcision reduced the odds of a prevalent HPV infection (OR = 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5–1.0) although not statistically significantly. Strong associations with lifetime and recent number of female sex partners were observed, but in contrast to uncircumcised men, increasing number of sex partners was not associated with higher HPV prevalence in circumcised men. In conclusion, smoking was associated with increased odds of penile HPV in men from the general population in Denmark, whereas circumcision seemed to reduce the risk. Moreover, our results indicated that there might be differences in the viral susceptibility between circumcised and uncircumcised men.

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Determinan Kejadian Kanker Serviks di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin, Provinsi Aceh

Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan ◽

10.22435/mpk.v29i1.437 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 89-98

Author(s):

Faradilla Safitri ◽

Nuzulul Rahmi

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Sexual Behavior ◽

General Hospital ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Dominant Factor ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Sexual Relations ◽

Related Factors ◽

Aceh Province ◽

Minimum Number

Abstract Cervical cancer is one of the problem for women around the world. The incidence of cervical cancer in dr. Zainoel Abidin Regional General Hospital in 2015 was 54 cases, in 2016 there were 272 cases and in 2017 there were 80 cases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of cervical cancer in General Hospital General Hospital of dr. Zainoel Abidin Aceh Province. This type of research is analytic survey using case-control design, the number of samples is taken based on the calculation of Lemeshow formula by calculating the minimum number of samples from the results of other people’s research, so that there are 21 cases, then the researchers make sample comparisons (1:2) 21 cases and 42 controls and sampling methods with accidental sampling. Collecting data on 7 June - 4 July 2018. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Data analysis in the form of univariate, bivariate and multivariate. The results bivariate analysis between age (p = 0.705, OR = 1.900), education (p = 0.655, OR = 1.467), occupation (p = 1.000, OR = 0.881), parity (p = 0.003, OR = 6.667), sexual behavior (p = 0.001, OR = 17.333), personal hygiene (p = 0.004, OR = 5.958), genetic (p = 0.005, OR = 10.000), oral contraceptives (p = 0.038, OR = 3.864). The results of dominant variables of multivariate analysis is sexual relations behavior with OR = 15.536. In conclusion there is a parity, sexual behavior, personal hygiene, genetics and oral contraception with cervical cancer incidence, while age, education and occupation are not related factors. Variable sexual relations behavior is the dominant factor in the incidence of cervical cancer. Abstrak Kanker serviks menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan bagi perempuan di seluruh dunia. Angka kejadian kanker serviks di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) dr. Zainoel Abidin tahun 2015 sebanyak 54 kasus, tahun 2016 sebanyak 272 kasus dan tahun 2017 sebanyak 80 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyebab kejadian kanker serviks di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin, Provinsi Aceh. Metode penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain kasus-kontrol, jumlah sampel diambil berdasarkan perhitungan rumus Lemeshow dengan melakukan perhitungan jumlah sampel minimal dari hasil penelitian orang lain, sehingga didapatlah jumlah sampel kasus sebanyak 21 orang, selanjutnya peneliti membuat perbandingan sampel (1:2) yaitu 21 kasus dan 42 kontrol dan cara pengambilan sampel dengan accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data tanggal 7 Juni–4 Juli 2018. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data berupa univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa umur (p=0,705, OR=1,900), pendidikan (p=0,655, OR=1,467), pekerjaan (p=1,000, OR=0,881), paritas (p=0,003, OR=6,667), perilaku hubungan seksual (p=0,001, OR=17,333), personal hygiene (p=0,004, OR=5,958), genetik (p=0,005, OR=10,000), kontrasepsi oral (p=0,038, OR=3,864). Hasil analisis multivariat variabel yang dominan adalah perilaku hubungan seksual dengan OR=15,536. Kesimpulan menunjukkan ada hubungan paritas, perilaku hubungan seksual, personal hygiene, genetik dan kontrasepsi oral dengan kejadian kanker serviks, sedangkan umur, pendidikan, dan pekerjaan bukan faktor yang berhubungan. Variabel perilaku hubungan seksual merupakan faktor dominan kejadian kanker serviks.

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The association between informal caregiving and behavioral risk factors: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1007/s00038-020-01402-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (6) ◽

pp. 911-921 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sophie Gottschalk ◽

Hans-Helmut König ◽

Christian Brettschneider

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Care Recipient ◽

Behavioral Risk Factors ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

Dementia Caregivers ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Insufficient Physical Activity

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to compare informal caregivers/dementia caregivers to non-caregivers regarding alcohol consumption, smoking behavior, obesity, and insufficient physical activity and to identify caregiving-related factors (caregiving intensity, length of caregiving, relationship to the care recipient, and type of caregiving task) which are associated with behavioral risk factors in caregivers/dementia caregivers. Methods Using cross-sectional data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we performed the statistical analyses applying logistic regression models and accounted for confounding using the entropy balancing approach. Results For caregivers (n = 12,044), the odds of overweight/obesity and smoking were higher (OR = 1.14/1.34, p < 0.05) and the odds of binge drinking and insufficient physical activity were lower (OR = 0.86/0.83, p < 0.05) than for non-caregivers (n = 45,925). For dementia caregivers, results point in the same direction. Caregiving-related variables tend to influence the likelihood of behavioral risk factors, but depending on the kind of factor considered, in different directions. Conclusions Being a caregiver is associated with risky and health-promoting behavior. However, the effects are relatively low. Future studies should study potential pathways between caregiving characteristics, psychological impacts of caregiving, health behavior, and mental or physical health.

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Dysglycaemia and Other Predictors for Progression or Regression from Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes or Normoglycaemia

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2015/373762 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

L. de Abreu ◽

Kara L. Holloway ◽

Mark A. Kotowicz ◽

Julie A. Pasco

Keyword(s):

Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Related Factors ◽

Serum Triglycerides ◽

Risk Of Progression ◽

Geelong Osteoporosis Study ◽

The Impact ◽

Lower Physical Activity

Aims. Diabetes mellitus is a growing health problem worldwide. This study aimed to describe dysglycaemia and determine the impact of body composition and clinical and lifestyle factors on the risk of progression or regression from impaired fasting glucose (IFG) to diabetes or normoglycaemia in Australian women.Methods. This study included 1167 women, aged 20–94 years, enrolled in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors for progression to diabetes or regression to normoglycaemia (from IFG), over 10 years of follow-up.Results. At baseline the proportion of women with IFG was 33.8% and 6.5% had diabetes. Those with fasting dysglycaemia had higher obesity-related factors, lower serum HDL cholesterol, and lower physical activity. Over a decade, the incidence of progression from IFG to diabetes was 18.1 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI, 10.7–28.2). Fasting plasma glucose and serum triglycerides were important factors in both progression to diabetes and regression to normoglycaemia.Conclusions. Our results show a transitional process; those with IFG had risk factors intermediate to normoglycaemics and those with diabetes. This investigation may help target interventions to those with IFG at high risk of progression to diabetes and thereby prevent cases of diabetes.

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Human Papilloma Virus: Biomolecular Aspect

BioScientia Medicina ◽

10.32539/bsm.v5i3.327 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 634-641

Author(s):

Patiyus Agustiansyah ◽

Rizal Sanif ◽

Siti Nurmaini ◽

Irfannuddin ◽

Legiran

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Visual Inspection ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Papilloma Virus ◽

Hybrid Capture ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Risk Of Progression ◽

High Risk Hpv

HPV is a sexually transmitted virus, and high-risk HPV DNA was found in 99.7%of cervical cancer specimens. Within 12 to 24 months of exposure to the virus,90% of HPV infections disappear or become inactive. However, infection with high-risk strains of HPV persist which then increases the risk of progression to cervicalcancer. The detection of precancerous lesions consists of various methods,including pap smear (conventional or liquid-base cytology / LBC), visualinspection of acetic acid (IVA), visual inspection of lugoliodine (VILI), and HPV DNAtest (genotyping / hybrid capture).

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Pathogenic Factors and Immunological Treatment of Cervical Cancer

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202021803015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 218 ◽

pp. 03015

Author(s):

Qingying Qin ◽

Wenyuan He ◽

Guxian Wang

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Monoclonal Antibody ◽

Immune Response ◽

Sexual Behavior ◽

Clinical Effect ◽

Therapeutic Vaccine ◽

Cancer Model ◽

Related Factors ◽

Pathogenic Factors ◽

Immunological Treatment

This paper attempts to analyze the related factors of cervical cancer combined with immunotherapy, taking cervical cancer patients as the experimental object, through the establishment of cervical cancer model, combined with natural immune agonists, immune activated monoclonal antibody and HPV polypeptide to explore its prevention or treatment of cervical cancer immune research.The results showed that the number of people with bad habits was more, and the incidence rate of cervical cancer was relatively high. However, for those without formal work, the number of cases of bad sexual behavior is more, and HPV transmission is easier, which also provides convenience for the occurrence of cervical cancer. The mechanism of action of tumor therapeutic vaccine is different from that of cytotoxic drugs. Its particularity lies in that the induction of specific anti-tumor immune response needs a certain period of time before it can be transformed into clinical effect; and patients with recurrence or metastasis usually receive multiple rounds of treatment, which may affect the immune system and reduce the efficacy of the vaccine.

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Management of Lifestyle Factors in Individuals with Cirrhosis: A Pragmatic Review

Seminars in Liver Disease ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1696639 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (01) ◽

pp. 020-028 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Puneeta Tandon ◽

Annalisa Berzigotti

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Lifestyle ◽

Pharmacological Therapy ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Related Factors ◽

Present Evidence ◽

Concise Review ◽

Risk Of Progression

AbstractLifestyle-related factors are major determinants/modifiers of prognosis in patients with cirrhosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that malnutrition, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol and smoking habits, and likely poor oral hygiene can increase the risk of progression of the disease, and some of them are linked to higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Importantly, lifestyle-related factors can be largely corrected, and as such they represent an attractive approach to be added to etiological and pharmacological therapy in patients with cirrhosis. Nonetheless, lifestyle is often neglected in this population. In this concise review, the authors present evidence supporting lifestyle changes in patients with cirrhosis—including, but not limited to, nutrition and physical activity in malnourished and obese patients. They also discuss some elements of motivational interviews as a tool to support a better interaction between hepatologists and patients in this field.

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Risk behaviors in adolescence – a study in a Portuguese health unit

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2018-0040 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Inês Medeiros ◽

Catarina Faria ◽

Fábia Carvalho ◽

Eloína Bravo

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Sexual Behavior ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Sexual Debut ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Health Unit ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample

Abstract Introduction Adolescence is a time of social and self-affirmation, search of autonomy and pleasure. An early sexual debut and substance use are still public health problems. Objectives To assess the prevalence of illicit drug use and sexual behavior of adolescents, ages 15– 17, followed in a Portuguese Family Health Unit. Material and methods This was a cross sectional descriptive study of a random convenience sample. Data were obtained from an anonymous and confidential questionnaire, given to patients at adolescent consultation, between the months of May and July 2016. Statistical significance p < 0.05. Results This study involved a sample of 134 adolescents, 54.5% girls. It was revealed that 73.1% of adolescents have tried alcohol, from which 18.7% experienced intoxication at least once. Regarding tobacco, 35.1% have tried it, 23.4% are regular users. Regarding cannabinoids, 7.5% of adolescents stated to have tried them once, or to consume them regularly. Adolescents start to experiment with tobacco earlier than with alcohol (9 years old vs. 11 years old), with a mean age of 15 years old. Regarding sexual behavior, 23.8% are sexually active, from which 9.4% do not use any form of contraception. Smoking behavior was a predictor of the consumption of illicit drugs, and it was found a significantly statistic association between sexual activity and substance use, p = 0.04. Discussion By descending order, the alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs consumption are still worrisome and can affect the life of adolescents. Primarily health care and pediatric consultation should provide strategies for prevention and promotion of a healthy lifestyle for adolescents.

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Sex Differences in Smoking Behavior Trajectory Patterns and Related Factors Among Older Adults in Taiwan

International Journal of Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.ijge.2014.08.001 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 215-219

Author(s):

Dih-Ling Luh ◽

Hui-Chuan Hsu ◽

Wen-Chiung Chang ◽

Ling-Yen Pan

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Related Factors

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The Influence of Sexual Behavior and Demographic Characteristics in the Expression of HPV-Related Biomarkers in a Colposcopy Population of Reproductive Age Greek Women

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10080713 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 713

Author(s):

George Valasoulis ◽

Abraham Pouliakis ◽

Georgios Michail ◽

Athina-Ioanna Daponte ◽

Georgios Galazios ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Sexual Behavior ◽

Cervical Screening ◽

Scoring Systems ◽

Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Dna Test ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

The Impact

Despite the significant scientific evolution in primary and secondary cervical cancer prevention in the battle started by George Papanicolaou in the previous century, global cervical cancer mortality rates remain disappointing. The widespread implementation of HPV-related molecular markers has paved the way to tremendous developments in cervical cancer screening, with the transition from cytological approach to the more accurate and cost-effective HPV testing modalities. However, the academic audience and different health systems have not yet adopted a universal approach in screening strategies, and even artificial intelligence modalities have been utilized from the multidisciplinary scientific armamentarium. Combination algorithms, scoring systems as well as artificial intelligent models have been so far proposed for cervical screening and management. The impact of sexual lifestyle inherently possesses a key role in the prevalence of HPV-related biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate any possible influence of sexual behavior and demographic characteristics in the expression of HPV-related biomarkers in a colposcopy population from October 2016 to June 2017, and corroborated the determining role of age at fist intercourse; the older the age, the lower the probability for DNA positivity. Multivariate analysis illustrated additionally that a number of sexual partners exceeding 4.2 was crucial, with women with ≤5 partners being approximately four times less likely to harbor a positive HPV DNA test (p < 0.0001). Similarly, a reported partner change during the last year before HPV DNA assessment contributed to 2.5 times higher odds for DNA positivity (p = 0.0006). From this perspective, the further development and validation of scoring systems quantifying lifestyle factors that could reflect cervical precancer risk seems paramount.

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