Risk behaviors in adolescence – a study in a Portuguese health unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Medeiros ◽  
Catarina Faria ◽  
Fábia Carvalho ◽  
Eloína Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Health Unit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample

Abstract Introduction Adolescence is a time of social and self-affirmation, search of autonomy and pleasure. An early sexual debut and substance use are still public health problems. Objectives To assess the prevalence of illicit drug use and sexual behavior of adolescents, ages 15– 17, followed in a Portuguese Family Health Unit. Material and methods This was a cross sectional descriptive study of a random convenience sample. Data were obtained from an anonymous and confidential questionnaire, given to patients at adolescent consultation, between the months of May and July 2016. Statistical significance p < 0.05. Results This study involved a sample of 134 adolescents, 54.5% girls. It was revealed that 73.1% of adolescents have tried alcohol, from which 18.7% experienced intoxication at least once. Regarding tobacco, 35.1% have tried it, 23.4% are regular users. Regarding cannabinoids, 7.5% of adolescents stated to have tried them once, or to consume them regularly. Adolescents start to experiment with tobacco earlier than with alcohol (9 years old vs. 11 years old), with a mean age of 15 years old. Regarding sexual behavior, 23.8% are sexually active, from which 9.4% do not use any form of contraception. Smoking behavior was a predictor of the consumption of illicit drugs, and it was found a significantly statistic association between sexual activity and substance use, p = 0.04. Discussion By descending order, the alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs consumption are still worrisome and can affect the life of adolescents. Primarily health care and pediatric consultation should provide strategies for prevention and promotion of a healthy lifestyle for adolescents.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Low Back Pain and Dorsalgia and Associated Factors among Casual Dockworkers

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2310
Author(s):  
Marta Cezar-Vaz ◽  
Clarice Bonow ◽  
Daiani Xavier ◽  
Joana Vaz ◽  
Letícia Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample

This study’s aim was to analyse the relationship between musculoskeletal disorders (low back pain and dorsalgia) and sociodemographic characteristics, workload and occupational hazards among casual dockworkers. This cross-sectional study addressed casual dockworkers from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The convenience sample was composed of 232 casual dockworkers. Data were collected using a structured interview and observation. Poisson regression analysis was used. Association between low back pain and physiological occupational risk (p = 0.006), total exertion levels (p = 0.014) and frustration (p = 0.020) remained statistically significant, while the use of illicit drugs (p = 0.023), being a quayside worker (p = 0.021) and physiological occupational risk (p = 0.040) remained associated with dorsalgia. Decreasing these variables in the workplace may also reduce the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders such as low back pain and dorsalgia.

scholarly journals Physical activity among nursing students

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leona Cilar ◽  
Nina Preložnik ◽  
Gregor Štiglic ◽  
Dominika Vrbnjak ◽  
Majda Pajnkihar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
The University

AbstractIntroduction. Nurses need to encourage patients to lead a healthy lifestyle, hence it is important that as nursing students they are already aware of the importance of physical activity. The purpose of the study was to investigate the physical activities of nursing students.Aim. The aim of the study was to find out in what state physical activity of nursing students is and to find out what are their main reasons for lack of physical activity.Material and methods. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study using a mixed methods design. The quantitative data was collected using the survey method with a convenience sample of 123 students and used descriptive and inferential statistics for the analysis. For the qualitative data we used a Grounded Theory Method with semi-structured interviews on purposive samples of four students.Results and conclusions. In the quantitative part of this study we found a significantly higher proportion of outdoor physical activity in comparison to indoor physical activity (p < 0.001). The qualitative part contains the main categories of physical activity implementation, as well as three sub-categories: attitude to physical activity, barriers and incentives. Nursing students do not do physical activities regularly due to lack of time, obligations at the university, time of the year and finances.

scholarly journals Alcohol and Tobacco Use Among Undergraduate and Postgraduate Medical Students in India: A Multicentric Cross-sectional Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Goel ◽  
Vivek Khandelwal ◽  
Kapil Pandya ◽  
Atul Kotwal
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Medical Colleges

Background: Substance use among medical fraternity is a well-known phenomenon among both undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) medical students. Yet, there have been very few multi-centric studies to estimate the actual burden of this problem in this important population group in India. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use, assess the knowledge and attitudes towards this issue, and identify factors associated with substance use among UG and PG medical students in India.Methods: A pre-tested, self-report, anonymous questionnaire was administered to medical undergraduates and post graduate medical residents of eight medical colleges across India. This study used a convenience sample of medical colleges with random selection of study participants within each college for each group, UG and PG.Results: Prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use among UG students was 16.6%, 95% CI [14.5, 18.9] and 8.0%, 95% CI [6.4, 9.6], respectively, whereas prevalence was 31.5%, 95% CI [26.3, 37.0] and 14.5%, 95% CI [10.7, 18.9], respectively for PGs. For both substances, males had a higher prevalence of use compared to females in both groups (p < 0.001). Positive family history of substance use (p < 0.001 for both groups) and early age of initiation (p = 0.011 for tobacco; p > 0.05 for alcohol) were associated with a greater difficulty to quit the habit. Over 90% of study participants felt that substance use adversely affected their skills and reported not using substances prior to managing their patients.Conclusions: Since substance use is a relatively common phenomenon among UG and PG medical students in India, future prospective studies and interventions are required to better understand the pattern of substance use and reduce its prevalence. 

scholarly journals Asma pada anak Indonesia: Penyebab dan Pencetus

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Ika Dharmayanti ◽  
Dwi Hapsari ◽  
Khadijah Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthma Incidence ◽  
Asthma Attack ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Waste Handling

AbstrakAsma merupakan penyakit kronis yang dapat mengganggu kualitas hidup.Hingga saat ini, jumlah penderita asma semakin meningkat termasuk diIndonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian asma dan pencetus asma pada anak usia 6 - 14 tahun di Indonesia. Metode penelitian adalah desain potong lintang dengan menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2013 di 33 provinsi di Indonesia. Variabel bebas adalah karakteristik responden, faktor lingkungan, dan perilaku merokok anak dan orangtua. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin laki-laki, kondisi sosial ekonomi rendah, riwayat asma pada orangtua, anak yang merokok atau pernah merokok, dan orangtua yang merokok atau pernah merokok adalah faktor risiko yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan tinggi kejadian asma pada anak (nilai p < 0,05). Sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan secara bermakna (nilai p > 0,05) adalah usia, kepadatan hunian, bahan bakar memasak, penerangan dalam rumah, dan penanganan sampah. Lima pencetus utama asma pada anak adalah udara dingin, flu dan infeksi, kelelahan, debu, dan asap rokok. Oleh karena itu, orangtua harus mendorong anak untuk bergaya hidup sehat agar anak terhindar dari serangan asma.AbstractAsthma is a chronic disease that can disrupt quality of life. Up to now, thenumber of asthma is more increasing including in Indonesia. This studyaimed to identify factors related to the incidence and triggers of asthmaamong 6 - 14 year-old children in Indonesia. Method of study was cross sectional design using 2013 Basic Health Research data in 33 provinces over Indonesia. Independent variables were characteristics of respondents, environmental factors and smoking behavior of children and parents.Theanalysis result showed that male sex, low socio-economic status, parentalasthma record, children and parental smoking were the risk factors significantly related to the increasing prevalence of asthma incidence among children (p value < 0.05). Meanwhile, age, housing density, cooking fuel, home lighting and waste handling were the other variables significantly not related (p value > 0.05). Five potential triggers of asthma in children are cold weather, flu and infections, fatigue, dust and tobacco smoke. Therefore, parents should encourage their children to get a healthy lifestyle in order to prevent them from asthma attack.

scholarly journals Uso de bebederos en las unidades académicas de Artes y Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Veracruzana, región Xalapa

UVserva ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Krystal Dennice González Fajardo ◽  
Elizabeth Del Carmen Mil Cornelio ◽  
Nayeli Ortíz Cruz ◽  
Susana Sánchez Viveros ◽  
Edith Yolanda Romero Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Student Health ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Main Motivation ◽  
Health Occupations ◽  
Academic Units

En la Universidad Veracruzana (UV) se instalan bebederos para proveer agua potable de libre acceso a la comunidad, contribuyendo al estilo de vida saludable y la sustentabilidad. El éxito de esta intervención depende, en gran medida, de su aceptación por los usuarios. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el uso de los bebederos y algunos aspectos de su aceptación en población de las Unidades Académicas de Artes (UAA) y de Ciencias de la Salud (UACS) de la Universidad Veracruzana región Xalapa. El estudio fue transversal y descriptivo. Se aplicó un cuestionario diseñado exprofeso a una muestra por conveniencia del 10% de la población de ambas unidades académicas. Se encontraron diferencias en el uso de los bebederos entre la UAA y la UACS, siendo la primera donde se utilizan más estos dispensadores. La accesibilidad parece ser la mayor motivación de su aceptación, sin embargo se reportó desconfianza para su usoPalabras clave: promoción de la salud; agua potable; calidad del agua; salud del estudiante; estudiantes del área de la saludAbstractThe Universidad Veracruzana (UV) installs drinking fountains to provide free access drinking water to its community, contributing to the healthy lifestyle and sustainability. The success of this intervention depends to a large extent on its acceptance by the users. The objective of this study was to describe the use of drinking fountains and some aspects of their acceptance in population of the Academic Units of Arts (UAA) and Health Sciences (UACS) of the Universidad Veracruzana campus Xalapa. The study was cross-sectional and descriptive. A questionnaire designed on purpose was applied to a convenience sample of 10% of the population of both academic units. Differences were found in the use of drinking fountains between the UAA and the UACS, being the first where these dispensers are used most. Accessibility seems to be the main motivation for its acceptance, however, mistrust was reported for its use.Keywords: Health promotion; drinking water; water quality; student health; students; health occupations.

Substance Use among Poisoned Teenage Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasim ZAMANI ◽  
Hossein HASSANIAN-MOGHADDAM ◽  
Alireza NOROOZI ◽  
Mohammad Bagher SABERI ZAFARGHANDI ◽  
Ali-Asghar KOLAHI
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Substance use is a growing problem in many countries especially among teenagers. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and complications of substance use in teenagers referring to a tertiary hospital following intoxication. Methods: In a cross-sectional study between 2012 and 2013 in Loghman Hakim Hospital, Tehran, Iran, sixteen substances were checked in teenagers referring due to poisoning. They divided into two groups of young (13 to <16 yr; group 1) and old-teenagers (16 to 19 yr; group 2). History of lifetime substance use and drug use within the week prior to admission were recorded. Results: Mean (range) age of young teenagers was 14.5±0.6 [13, 15] and 17.7±1.1 [16, 19] in old-teenagers with female predominance. Of 264 teenagers, four in group 1 and 27 in group 2 were admitted due to drug overdose. Six and 69 patients in groups 1 and 2 claimed that they had used some kind of substance in the week prior to admission. Twenty (37%) and 106 (50.5%) patients in the young and old-teenager groups were defined as drug users and rates of unreported substance use were 27.8% (15 cases) and 23.8% (50 cases) respectively. Ninety-six substance users (36.4%) had referred due to poisonings other than recreational intoxication (P<.001). Screening toxicological lab data showed significant opioid and sedative exposure in old-teenagers. Conclusion: It seems young adolescents hide their drug abuse more than old teenagers. Using illicit drugs screening tests may help us to provide hidden rate of abuse in teenagers.  

scholarly journals Prevalence of Substance Use in University Students, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117822182110035
Author(s):  
Tewodros Shegute ◽  
Yared Wasihun
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Addis Ababa University ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Although substance use is a known public health problem and a pressing issue in Ethiopia, its real extent and magnitude are not yet properly explored. The current study aimed to determine the extent and predictors of substance use among regular undergraduate students in the Institute of Technology, Addis Ababa University. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was carried among 794 undergraduate regular students at the Institute of Technology, Addis Ababa University, using a self-administered structured questionnaire filled by study participants. Data entry, cleaning, and coding were performed by EPI-INFO version 3.5.1. Statistical Package for Social Sciences; AOR: Adjusted odds ratio (SPSS) SPSS version 21 software was used to analyze data by performing descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. Results: 73.7% of the study participants used substances at least once. The lifetime use of each substance includes alcohol (68.2%), khat (53.6%), cigarettes (46.1%), and illicit drugs (23.3%). Loss of family (AOR [95%CI], 34.50 [7.569, 157.263]), pocket money between 500 and 999 Ethiopian birr (AOR [95%CI], 9.978 [1.240, 80.280]), and above 1000 Ethiopian birr (AOR [95%CI], 10.831 [1.333, 87.971]) were identified predictors for khat use. The odds of lifetime alcohol use was higher among students coming from a divorced family (AOR [95%CI], 9.346 [3.162, 27.625]), lost one (AOR [95%CI], 37.406 [11.375, 123.008]), or both of their parents (AOR [95%CI], 18.750 [5.798, 60.633]). Students of urban origin (AOR [95%CI], 3.214 [1.950, 5.296]), and students with anxiety symptoms (AOR [95%CI], 2.655 [1.981, 3.557]) have a higher odds of lifetime cigarette smoking. The lifetime exposure to illicit drugs is higher among students in age groups between 20 and 24 years (AOR [95%CI], 5.963 [1.361, 26.135]), students coming from substance user family (AOR [95%CI], 2.172 [1.161, 4.063]), and students of urban origin (AOR [95%CI], 2.661 [1.202, 5.889]). Conclusion: A higher prevalence of substance use requiring administrative and educational interventions was observed. Awareness creation interventions on the potential impacts of substance abuse should be performed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of postural control in children and adolescents with down syndrome aged eight to twelve years old

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Jessica Cristina Leite ◽  
Jéssica Caroliny de Jesus Neves ◽  
Leonardo George Victorio Vitor ◽  
Dirce Shizuko Fujisawa
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Chromosome 21 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample

Introduction: Down Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of the third copy of chromosome 21 (total or partial). The syndrome occurs in approximately one out of every 700 – 1000 newborns per year. Objective:To analyze postural control (PC) of children and adolescents with Down Syndrome (DS) and to compare differences regarding age, sex, nutritional status, and physical activity (PA) levels. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample composed of 21 children and adolescents (9 girls) was categorized according to age: G1 (8 to 9 years old; n = 8), G2 (10 years old; n = 7), and G3 (11 to 12 years old; n = 6), Score-Z: eutrophic (n = 9) and overweight (n = 12), and PA level: practitioners (n = 7) and non-practitioners (n = 14). PC was assessed in the force platform (FP), in the standing position, with feet together during 30 seconds. The variables analyzed were the center of pressure area (COP) and the mean velocities of anteroposterior and mediolateral oscillation (VEL-AP and VEL-ML). Shapiro-Wilk test was used to test the normality of data. Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn’s, and Mann Whitney tests were performed to analyze associations with PC. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The median COP, VEL-AP and VEL-ML were 3.55 [2.13 – 6.82] , 2.81 [2.32 – 3.16], and 2.98 [2.42 – 3.43], respectively. There were no differences in PC regarding sex, body mass index and PA level. The adolescents in G3 presented lower values of VEL-AP (G1=2,88 [2,82 – 3,21]; G2= 2,94 [2,35 – 3,39]; G3= 2,27 [2 – 2,3]) and VEL-ML (G1= 3,22 [3,14 – 3,68]; G2= 2,91 [2,52 – 3,63]; G3= 2,34 [2,1 – 2,39]). Conclusion: Sex, nutritional status, and PA level did not affect COP area and AP-VEL and ML-VEL. However, strategies were affected by age, as observed by differences in velocity, but did not affect the COP area.  

scholarly journals Relationship between intake of artificial sweeteners and body mass index in young non-diabetic adults: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1208
Author(s):  
Geetika Gupta ◽  
Sabita Yograj ◽  
Anil K. Gupta ◽  
Bhavna Langer ◽  
Mumtaz Goni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
English Language ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Artificial Sweeteners ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Artificial sweeteners have skyrocketed the market in the last decade and there are unlimited products available today that contain them. They are often projected as one of the easy and effortless method of cutting down calories and have gained importance in the community. They are being used as one of the dietary tools to control or prevent weight gain not only in diabetic adults but also in young healthy adults and children. There is a need to examine any possible contribution of these substances on body weight and BMI of an individual.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among randomly selected healthy non-diabetic subjects of both sexes in the age group 18-35 years. Those with history of intake of artificial sweeteners in the last one year (in the form of pellets or diet soda) were considered as study group and equal no of non-users were taken as comparison group for study purpose. A pretested semi structured questionnaire prepared in English language was used to collect information. Variables such as height, weight and body mass index were noted. Data was analyzed using SPSS (version 20.0).Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of weight and BMI (p=0.003 and 0.002 respectively). The mean weight and BMI was more in those subjects who had consumed more than one serving of diet can per day. Sweeteners in pellet form failed to show any statistical significance association between frequency of use and BMI.Conclusions: The study suggested of a possible association between the use of artificial sweeteners and BMI. Young adults need to be sensitized about various safe weight management techniques and healthy lifestyle, rather than resorting to methods like intake of artificial sweeteners.

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