Inclusion of Borderlanders in Border Management in Africa: Toward an Emancipatory Framework for the Study and Management of African Borders

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishmael Kwabla Hlovor
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
The State ◽  
Border Security ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
State Security ◽  
Power Limits ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
Referent Object

AbstractAfrican borderlands are sites where the state, borderlanders, criminal groups, and other groups compete and cooperate to achieve diverse interests. They are also zones of competing perspectives on security. However, current border security policies and practices operate within a restrictive neorealist theoretical paradigm with the state as the referent object of security thereby ignoring other perspectives on security. The vulnerabilities of borderlanders and the role of the border as a source of livelihood demand new ways of thinking about African borders in order to incorporate these major stakeholders into the bordering process. Although the adoption of the African Union's integrated border management strategy holds the potential to reconcile the needs of borderlanders with the objectives of the state, it remains within the restrictive neorealist framework. This paper argues that an emancipatory security theory provides an appropriate framework to understand African borders and borderlands. This theory holds the key for enhancing the security of African borders by reconciling the needs of borderlanders with the objectives of state security, and thereby making people and communities the referent objects of security. However, the failure of the theory to engage with the concept of power limits its usefulness.

ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЕ ТРАНСНАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКСТРЕМИСТСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Solomonova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Security ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Russian Federation

В данной статье рассматривается сущность противодействия экстремизму, как основополагающая роль государственной безопасности Российской Федерации, методы и действия направленные на пресечение распространения экстремистской деятельности на территории Российской Федерации, а также за ее пределами.This article examines the essence of countering extremism as a fundamental role of the state security of the Russian Federation, methods and actions aimed at suppressing the spread of extremist activities on the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as beyond its borders.

Policing and Political Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 002200272110130
Author(s):  
Kristine Eck ◽  
Courtenay R. Conrad ◽  
Charles Crabtree
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Conflict Studies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Conflict Processes ◽  
State Security ◽  
New Research ◽  
Conflict Research

The police are often key actors in conflict processes, yet there is little research on their role in the production of political violence. Previous research provides us with a limited understanding of the part the police play in preventing or mitigating the onset or escalation of conflict, in patterns of repression and resistance during conflict, and in the durability of peace after conflicts are resolved. By unpacking the role of state security actors and asking how the state assigns tasks among them—as well as the consequences of these decisions—we generate new research paths for scholars of conflict and policing. We review existing research in the field, highlighting recent findings, including those from the articles in this special issue. We conclude by arguing that the fields of policing and conflict research have much to gain from each other and by discussing future directions for policing research in conflict studies.

Migration, Poverty, the Role of State, (International) Law and Development in the Industrialised Countries of Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian-Vincent Ikejiaku
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
International Law ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Border Security ◽  
Law And Development ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Industrialised Countries

Abstract The current radical strategies by which there is, on one hand, an increasing European assistance to developing poor countries of Africa/Middle East and on the other hand, tightened border-security within Europe as a means to reduce migration from the South; may worsen the state of poverty in Europe, particularly on the immigrants and impact on the workforce in Europe with implication on development. Though, these strategies may sound radically appealing, they are however, unlikely to reduce migration flows to Europe. While there is still a “wide development gap” between the poor countries of Africa/Middle East and industrialised countries of Europe, migration will often increase, at least in the next two-three decades. Radical border security in Europe will expose the migrants to human trafficking in different form and manifestation contrary to Article 3 UN Protocol on Trafficking in Person. The paper examines the role of the State and Law and development, in addressing the issues of poverty and migration within the industrialised countries of Europe. The research argues that there is the likelihood that poverty and human right issues will increase in Europe in the near-future, if the State/EU fails to play their role, by changing their policy direction and repositioning themselves by improving their Law and development stance. The research employs the human rights-based approach, interdisciplinary and critical-analytical perspective within the framework of international Law and development. It employs qualitative empirical evidence from developed countries of Europe and poor developing countries for analysis.

scholarly journals Lack of Group Support and Burnout Syndrome in Workers of the State Security Forces and Corps: Moderating Role of Neuroticism

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farfán ◽  
Peña ◽  
Topa
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Group Support ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
State Security ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Personal Fulfillment ◽  
Moderating Role

: Background and Objectives: This research analyzes the relationship between the lack of group support and burnout syndrome in workers of the State Security Forces and Corps, considering the role of personality traits in this relationship. In particular, it is hypothesized that neuroticism will moderate this relationship. Materials and Methods: Participants were 237 workers from the State Security Forces and Corps dedicated to tasks of citizen security. Results: The results show that neuroticism moderates the relationship between lack of group support and the three components of the burnout syndrome: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal fulfillment. Conclusions: The findings are discussed, suggesting intervention strategies for the improvement of the agents’ personal well-being.

scholarly journals Socjologiczna analiza partycypacji Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w ochronie ludności w stanach nadzwyczajnych

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 307-318
Author(s):  
Jan Maciejewski ◽  
Małgorzata Stochmal
Keyword(s):  
Fire Service ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
State Security

SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PARTICIPATION OF THE STATE FIRE SERVICE IN CIVIL PROTECTION DURING EXTRAORDINARY MEASURESThe article has atheoretical character — it is based mainly on the presentation of sociology of dispositional groups. The text represents the complexity of the system of state security and the role of actors involved in providing safety. Academic considerations are placed in a sociological orientation enabling a uniform explanation of phenomena related to the state of emergency. The essence of social dispositional groups is presented on the example of The State Fire Service.

scholarly journals Opricznina jako pierwsza rosyjska służba specjalna i jej znaczenie w systemie politycznym

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Justyna Doroszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Security ◽  
Main Thesis ◽  
Security Service ◽  
Ivan The Terrible ◽  
The Stability

Oprichina is the first security service in Russia. The main aim of oprichnina was to protect the stability of the political system and the reign of tsars. The main thesis is based on the conviction that secret services since Ivan the Terrible are one of the most important factors in the Russian political system. The purpose of the article is to analyze the functioning and the role of oprichnina, its organization, its structure and its main tasks in the context of the tendency of centralization of the state. The aim is to demonstrate that the establishment of the oprichnina initiated the process of forming state security organs as the foundation of maintaining power and implementing the priorities of internal and external politics.

TOPICALITIES AND PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING FORESEEN MEASURES AND PROPOSALS IN THE INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT CONCEPT OF THE REPUBLIC OF LATVIA FOR 2013-2018

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Jurijs Skorodihins
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Border Security ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
State Security ◽  
Middle Way ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Management Concept ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Police

The concept is a document that is taken every 10 years on average, and which provides the direction in which the authority will operate. The integrated border management concept of the Republic of Latvia in the strict sense refers to the Latvian State Border, but due to the fact that the state border security also participates in the implementation of other law enforcement institutions such as the National police, the Customs, the Food and veterinary service, this document explicitly bound by them. Near state border operating all of the above bodies, each in their field and direction, but generally it refers to the state security. There is a separate document that provides for the development of the State border guard in action, and is the integrated border management concept, which is also a development document, but refers to the State border guard and several institutions operating in the border area. This concept contains different types of measures, each of which is an important element of the Latvian State border security. This article is intended to acquaint the implementation concept and how it is executed at the beginning of 2016, i.e. the implementation of the concept of the middle way. Article tasks are to compare the previous concept with currently implemented; analyse the measures that shall be implemented, as well as the reasons for non-implementation and consider possible solutions. The article will be used in the description, comparison, analysis methods. In conclusion, the author wants to find the answer to a question or concept helps the body grow, or however it is a formal document.

The role of defensive firearm use in the governance of security in Latin America

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Sanjurjo
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
State Control ◽  
State Security ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Nodal Governance

This article discusses the role played by citizens who acquire firearms for defensive purposes in the governance of security in Latin America. Do states possess the capacity to enforce formal-legal regulations or do citizens participate in the governance of security autonomously? Does the behavior of armed citizens correspond with the strategies and goals defined in security policies? The analysis concludes that firearms facilitate a behavior which delegitimizes authorities and harms state security policies. This role is more frequent in Latin America due to the legitimacy deficits of authorities and the lack of information regarding firearms and users, which hinder state capacities to control armed citizens from a distance. Their conceptualization in scenarios of regulated governance is therefore problematic, since their behavior evades state control frequently and with ease. These citizens are therefore better conceptualized under a nodal governance model.

Some Varieties of Utopian Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Levitas
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
The State ◽  
Proper Method ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Ways Of Thinking

This article opens with H.G. Wells's assertion that utopia is the distinctive and proper method of sociology. It outlines four ways of thinking about utopia which imply different methods, distinguishing a hermeneutic method from the imaginary reconstitution of society. The author finds common ground with Wright in exploring and endorsing the role of utopia, utopias and utopianism in transforming capitalism into something better. But this article focuses on two areas of difference: Wright's reliance on extrapolation from prefigurative practices, and the state–economy–civil society model that underpins Wright's work. It argues that we should take imagination and the imaginary reconstitution of society more seriously as tools in the struggle for social transformation.

scholarly journals Turkey’s Border Security Policy Against Non-State Actors (2016-2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Luerdi Luerdi ◽  
Amri Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Border Security ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Syrian Crisis ◽  
State Actors

This paper aims to explain Turkey's border security policy in dealing with non-state actors in Northern Syria. Turkey's policy was carried out after five years of involvement in the Syrian crisis and one month after a failed coup attempt. This study uses the theory of securitization by Buzan that explains the existence of threat and vulnerability factors faced by the state in anarchic international structures. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method with the type of causality analysis. This paper found that threats and vulnerabilities pushed Turkey to launch a series of military operations as border security policies to rid North Syria of ISIS and PKK/PYD/YPG militias to control the adverse effects caused by the presence of non-state actors such as civilian and military casualties, property damage, as well as instability and disintegration. The border security policy confirms the increasingly important role of Turkey in the region while demonstrating Turkey's consistency in pursuing national security interests even outside its territory

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