161 Effects of Supplemental Zn Source (sulfate or Bis-glycinate) on Metabolism, Apparent Absorption, and Retention of Zn by Lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 122-122
Author(s):  
Erin L Deters ◽  
Allison VanDerWal ◽  
Katherine VanValin ◽  
Stephanie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Apparent Absorption ◽  
Fecal Output ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Data

Abstract To assess bioavailability of bis-glycinate Zn (Plexomin Zn, Phytobiotics), 36 crossbred wethers (34 ± 2 kg) were sorted by body weight into three groups and stagger started on a Zn deplete diet (18.6 mg Zn/kg dry matter [DM]; 22.5% neutral detergent fiber) for 45 d prior to a 15-d metabolism period (10 d adaptation, 5 d collection). On d 46, lambs were randomly assigned to dietary Zn treatments (4 lambs/treatment/group): no supplemental Zn (CON) or 15 mg supplemental Zn/kg DM as Zn sulfate (ZS) or bis-glycinate Zn (GLY). Blood was collected from all lambs on d 1, 44, 56, and 61. Liver, small intestine, and muscle samples were collected after euthanasia on d 61. Liver and intestinal gene expression was determined via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data were analyzed using ProcMixed of SAS (experimental unit = lamb; fixed effects = treatment, group, and breed). After 15 d of Zn supplementation, plasma Zn concentrations were greatest for GLY versus CON or ZS (P ≤ 0.01), but tissue Zn concentrations were unaffected (P ≥ 0.15). Liver MT1 expression was approximately 2-fold greater for GLY versus CON or ZS (P ≤ 0.07). Intestinal ZIP4 expression tended or was lesser for ZS or GLY versus CON (P ≤ 0.07) and ZNT1 expression tended to be lesser for ZS versus CON (P = 0.07). Zinc intake, fecal output, retention, and apparent absorption were greater for ZS or GLY versus CON (P ≤ 0.01). Apparent absorption of Zn was -5.1, 12.8, and 15.0% for CON, ZS, and GLY, respectively. Although Zn apparent absorption did not differ between supplemental Zn sources (P = 0.71), differences in post-absorptive metabolism may be responsible for the observed increase in circulating Zn concentrations and liver MT1 expression in GLY supplemented lambs, suggesting improved bioavailability of GLY relative to ZS.

scholarly journals Effect of bis-glycinate bound zinc or zinc sulfate on zinc metabolism in growing lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin L Deters ◽  
Allison J VanDerWal ◽  
Katherine R VanValin ◽  
Aubree M Beenken ◽  
Katie J Heiderscheit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Zinc Metabolism ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Apparent Absorption ◽  
Zinc Retention ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract To assess the efficacy of bis-glycinate bound Zn, 36 crossbred wethers (34 ± 2 kg) were sorted by body weight into three groups and stagger started on a Zn-deficient diet (18 mg Zn/kg dry matter [DM]; 22.5% neutral detergent fiber [NDF]) for 45 d prior to a 15-d metabolism period (10 d adaptation and 5 d collection). On day 46, lambs were randomly assigned to dietary treatments (four lambs treatment−1group−1): no supplemental Zn (CON) or 15 mg supplemental Zn/kg DM (ZINC) as Zn sulfate (ZS) or bis-glycinate (GLY; Plexomin Zn, Phytobiotics). Blood was collected from all lambs on days 1, 44, 56, and 61. Liver, jejunum, and longissimus dorsi samples were collected after euthanasia on day 61. Gene expression was determined via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data were analyzed using ProcMixed of SAS (experimental unit = lamb; fixed effects = treatment, group, and breed) and contrast statements assessed the effects of supplemental Zn concentration (ZINC vs. CON) and source (GLY vs. ZS). After 15 d of Zn supplementation, plasma Zn concentrations were greater for ZINC vs. CON and GLY vs. ZS (P ≤ 0.01); tissue Zn concentrations were unaffected (P ≥ 0.27). Liver Cu concentrations were lesser for ZINC vs. CON (P = 0.03). Longissimus dorsi Mn concentrations were greater for ZINC vs. CON (P = 0.05) and tended to be lesser for GLY vs. ZS (P = 0.09). Digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), and NDF was lesser for ZINC vs. CON (P ≤ 0.05); acid detergent fiber digestibility tended to be greater for GLY vs. ZS (P = 0.06). Nitrogen retention (g/d) tended to be greater for GLY vs. ZS (P = 0.10), and N apparent absorption was lesser for ZINC vs. CON (P = 0.02). Zinc intake, fecal output, retention, and apparent absorption were greater for ZINC vs. CON (P ≤ 0.01). Apparent absorption of Zn was −5.1%, 12.8%, and 15.0% for CON, ZS, and GLY, respectively. Nitrogen and Zn retention and apparent absorption were not correlated for CON (P ≥ 0.14) but were positively correlated for ZINC (retention: P = 0.02, r = 0.52; apparent absorption: P < 0.01, r = 0.73). Intestinal expression of Zn transporter ZIP4 was lesser for ZINC vs. CON (P = 0.02). Liver expression of metallothionein-1 (MT1) tended to be greater for GLY vs. ZS (P = 0.07). Although Zn apparent absorption did not differ between sources (P = 0.71), differences in post-absorptive metabolism may be responsible for greater plasma Zn concentrations and liver MT1 expression for GLY-supplemented lambs, suggesting improved bioavailability of GLY relative to ZS.

scholarly journals The influence of supplemental zinc and dietary fiber concentration on mineral retention of beef steers1

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 784-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remy N Carmichael ◽  
Olivia N Genther-Schroeder ◽  
Erin L Deters ◽  
Trey D Jackson ◽  
Elizabeth M Messersmith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Mineral Absorption ◽  
Apparent Absorption ◽  
Four Blocks

Abstract The objective was to determine if zinc (Zn) retention improved with supplemental Zn above recommended concentrations with increasing dietary fiber concentration. Angus steers (n = 32; 309 ± 4.2 kg body weight [BW]) with GeneMax gain scores of 3, 4, or 5 were utilized in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (8 steers per treatment). Steers were stagger started (four blocks of eight steers) and stratified by BW within growing diets to one of two Zn strategies (ZNTRT), no supplemental Zn (analyzed 36 mg Zn/kg dry matter [DM]; CON) or supranutritional Zn (CON + 60 mg Zn/kg DM as ZnSO4 + 60 mg Zn/kg DM as Zn–amino acid complex; SUPZN). Dietary fiber strategies (FIBER) were formulated to target two fiber supplementation rates representing high fiber (HF; ~35% neutral detergent fiber [NDF]) or low fiber (LF; ~25% NDF). Within block, steers received HF for 60 d; then pens were randomly assigned to LF or HF for finishing. Steers fed LF were transitioned for 15 d; on day 75, steers were moved to metabolism crates and adapted for 10 d, followed by 5 d of total fecal and urine collection. Retention of Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, and N were calculated. The model for analysis of metabolism data included the fixed effects of ZNTRT, FIBER, block, and the interaction of ZNTRT × FIBER, with the three-way interaction of ZNTRT × FIBER × block as random. Steer was the experimental unit (n = 8 per treatment combination). Zinc did not affect initial 60-d performance (P ≥ 0.62). DM and organic matter digestibility were lesser (P = 0.02) and N digestibility tended to be lesser (P = 0.07) in CON vs. SUPZN. Intake and digestibility of NDF and acid detergent fiber were greater (P ≤ 0.01) in HF vs. LF. Digestibility and retention of N as a percentage of intake were greater (P ≤ 0.04) whereas N retention as grams per day tended to be greater in HF vs. LF (P = 0.06). Apparent absorption of Zn tended to be greater (P = 0.06) in CON vs. SUPZN. A ZNTRT × FIBER effect was identified for Zn retention (milligrams per day; P = 0.01) where within SUPZN Zn retention was greater in HF vs. LF (P < 0.01). Apparent absorption and retention of Zn were greater (% of intake; P ≤ 0.02) in HF vs. LF. Apparent absorption of Cu, Fe, and Mn was unaffected by ZNTRT or FIBER (P ≥ 0.24). Increasing dietary Zn increased Zn retained regardless of changes in coefficient of absorption. In addition, dietary fiber content may impact trace mineral and N metabolism by steers, potentially due to increased release of these nutrients from feed as fiber digestibility increases. It appears dietary Zn concentrations and diet composition influence trace mineral absorption in beef steers.

Determining the Rate of Ergot-alkaloid Degradation in Toxic Endophyte-infected Tall Fescue Hay and Haylage During Long Term Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
Charles A Zumbaugh ◽  
Susannah A Gonia ◽  
Kathryn M Payne ◽  
Thomas B Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Ergot Alkaloid ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Experimental Unit

Abstract The objectives of this experiment were to determine changes in the nutritive value and ergot alkaloid concentrations of endophyte-infected tall fescue hay and haylage during a 180-d storage period. Forage from a single field of Kentucky-31 tall fescue was cut for hay in late June and allowed to dry in the field. The dry matter (DM) of the windrow of cut forage was measured every 2 h after clipping. Forage was sampled from the windrow in 6 location blocks once forage DM reached target levels for haylage and hay treatments. Haylage and hay samples were taken when the DM of the windrow reached 50% and 80%, respectively. Seven subsamples of each treatment within block were chopped to 1.91 cm in length with a lettuce chopper and vacuum sealed in oxygen-excluding bags. Sample bags were stored indoors and opened at 30 d intervals over the 180-d storage period. Samples were analyzed for pH, nutritive value, and individual ergot alkaloid concentrations using high-performance liquid chromatography. Within each storage day, treatment within block was considered the experimental unit. Data were analyzed in SAS using the MIXED procedure with fixed effects of treatment, day, and the treatment by day interaction. Location block was considered a random effect. As expected, pH was decreased for haylage compared to hay at all time points (P < 0.01) and DM was greater (P < 0.01) for hay compared to haylage. Neutral detergent fiber values were greater (P < 0.01) for hay compared to haylage and declined during storage (P < 0.01). Total ergot alkaloid concentrations did not differ by treatment (P = 0.61), but ergovaline concentrations declined (P < 0.01) during storage. Collectively, these results indicate minimal differences in nutritive value and ergot alkaloid concentrations between hay and haylage during storage, and that ergovaline concentrations decline during storage.

scholarly journals Physically effective fiber changes nutrient levels of total mixed ration and fecal parameters in beef feedlots

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Santos Persiquini Cunha ◽  
Moises de Aguiar Maia ◽  
Luís Miguel Gonçalves Fernandes ◽  
Luciana Castro Geraseev ◽  
Amália Saturnino Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Penn State ◽  
Fecal Ph ◽  
Beef Feedlots

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effects of the physically effective fiber (peNDF) content on nutrient composition of the total mixed ration (TMR), orts and fecal parameters in 15 commercial beef feedlots. The particle size distribution of TMR was measured adopting Penn State Particle Size Separator (PSPS). Samples were evaluated for dry matter (DM), ash, ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and starch content. Fecal samples were also evaluated for pH and score. The feedlots were categorized into peNDF<20% and peNDF ≥ 20%. Data were analyzed by a model that included fixed effects of treatment and covariates (sex and genetic groups). Levels of DM, CP, EE and starch were lower in TMR with peNDF ≥ 20% (P<0.05). Fecal dry matter was higher and morning fecal pH was lower for TMR with peNDF<20% (P<0.05). Physically effective fiber changed nutrient levels in TMR, orts, fecal pH and DM. So, using PSPS and fecal parameters are practical and indirect tools for measuring fecal starch and assessing the effectiveness of the diet supplied to ruminants.

scholarly journals 97 Effects of alkalization treatment on chemical composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation of anaerobically stored rice stover

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 76-76
Author(s):  
Yulin Ma ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Jianxin Xiao ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Jingjun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Steep Liquor

Abstract The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of urea and calcium hydroxide on the chemical composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation of rice stover. Rice stover was stored in polyethylene bags (35 × 25 cm, 350g per bag) with: (i) no additive (CON); (ii) 4% calcium hydroxide (CA, dry matter (DM) basis); (iii) 2.5% urea and 4% calcium hydroxide (UCA, DM basis); and (iv) 9% corn steep liquor and 2.5% urea and 4% calcium hydroxide (CUCA, DM basis). Dry matter were kept at the same level at 55% for all treatments. Totally, 36 bags (4 treatments × 3 store periods × 3 repeats) were prepared and stored at ambient temperature (25 ± 3 °C). The chemical composition was measured at day 7, 10 and 15 after storage. And the in vitro ruminal fermentation was tested in vitro at d 15. Date was subjected to two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the fixed effects of treatments, times and treatments × times by using SPSS 24.0. All alkali treatments reduced neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content (P &lt; 0.05), and increased the in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) of the rice stover compared with the CON. The in vitro NDF degradability (IVNDFD) and ADF degradability (IVADFD) were increased in UCA and CUCA rice stover (P &lt; 0.05) compared to others. The highest acetic acid (AA), propionic acid (PA), butyric acid (BA), total volatile acids (TVFA) concentrations and 48-h cumulative gas production were observed in CUCA rice stover (P &lt; 0.05). With the delay of storage time, dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) were decreased in CA and CUCA groups (P &lt; 0.05). Results in this study suggested that 9% corn steep liquor and 2.5% urea and 4% calcium hydroxide might be an effective treatment combination.

scholarly journals Classification of Megathyrsus Maximus Accessions Grown in the Colombian Dry Tropical Forest by Nutritional Assessment During Contrasting Seasons

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Isabel Carvajal-Tapia ◽  
Johanna Mazabel ◽  
Nelson Jose Vivas-Quila
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Nutritional Behavior ◽  
Animal Feeding

The diversity and use of tropical forages for cattle feeding are the protagonists in livestock systems. The production and nutritional quality of forages represent a strategy of continuous research in animal feeding to help mitigate the environmental impact generated by tropical livestock. The objective of this study was to classify the nutritional behavior in contrasting seasons and the relationship with agronomic traits of a collection of 129 CIAT (Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical) accessions of Megathyrsus Maximus established in the Colombian dry tropics. By means of the near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) technique, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) were determined under rainy and dry seasons as fixed effects. We measured plant height, dry matter biomass (DMB) and flowering in field. Aspects such as plant height and DMB did not show correlation with nutritional aspects, whereas flowering was correlated with the content of structural carbohydrates. Despite genotype and precipitation affecting nutritional value, there is relative nutritional steadiness in NDF, ADF, and IVDMD between seasons for some accessions. According to the cluster analysis carried out for each season, it was evidenced that from the total collection, 51.2% of the accessions during the dry season and 19.4% of the accessions during the rainy season were classified with a better nutritional profile, thus, showing a higher number of materials with better nutritional behavior in the dry season. Both the genotypic characteristics of M. maximus and environmental conditions during contrasting seasons are factors that might influence the variability of the nutritional content, productive parameters, and flowering. Additionally, fodder material classification under Hotelling's T-squared test and Nutritional Classification Index suggests accessions that might be promising for resilient nutritional quality and adequate DMB, which proves that M. maximus could become an alternative for animal feeding and sustainable livestock production during critical dry periods in tropical agroecosystems.

scholarly journals A comparison of the release of phosphorus by a phytase enzyme in pigs fed diets deficient or adequate in phosphorus content

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin M Olsen ◽  
Stacie A Gould ◽  
John F Patience
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
P Release ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Quadratic Effects ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract Previous research indicated that phytase may release less phosphorus (P) from phytate when it is evaluated using diets with P levels above requirement as compared with diets below requirement. The objectives of this experiment were to further test the hypothesis that the P release values determined for phytase are higher when pigs are fed diets that are deficient (DE) in P compared with when they are fed diets that are adequate (AD) in P, and that phytase will increase the digestibility of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), nitrogen (N), and calcium (Ca) independent of dietary P status. Twenty-four barrows (body weight: 23.2 ± 1.8 kg) were randomly assigned to one of eight dietary treatments and housed in individual pens for 21 d and then moved to metabolism crates for 9 d, with the collection of urine and feces occurring on the final 5 d. A basal corn–soybean meal diet (P-AD) was formulated at 0.36% standardized total tract digestible (STTD) P and total calcium:STTD P (Ca:STTD P) of 2:1. A P-DE diet was also formulated to maintain a constant Ca:STTD P of 2:1 in both basal diets. Phytase was added to AD and DE diets at 350, 600, 1,000 phytase units (FYT)/kg. Pig was the experimental unit; diet (P-AD or P-DE), phytase level, and replicate were fixed effects. Orthogonal polynomial contrasts were used to test linear and quadratic effects of phytase within P-AD and P-DE diets. Phytase improved apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and STTD of P in both P-AD (linear P &lt; 0.001) and P-DE diets (quadratic P &lt; 0.001). Estimates for STTD P release were 0.07%, 0.09%, and 0.09% for 350, 600, and 1,000 phytase units (FYT)/kg in P-DE diets, and 0.02%, 0.03%, and 0.05% in P-AD diets, respectively. In P-DE diets, phytase improved absorption and retention of P and increased urinary excretion of P (quadratic P &lt; 0.001). In P-AD diets, phytase improved absorption of P (linear P = 0.066), tended to improve retention (linear P = 0.066), and increased urinary excretion of P (quadratic P = 0.021). Phytase improved ATTD of Ca in P-DE diets (quadratic P = 0.002) but not in P-AD diets (P &gt; 0.1). In conclusion, the release of P by phytase is lower in diets that are AD in P than those which are DE. Phytase increased the availability of Ca only in the diets DE in P. Finally, phytase increased the ATTD of DM and tended to increase the ATTD of energy, independent of dietary P status.

Maize silage as an energy supplement in organic dairy cow rations

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margit Velik ◽  
Roswitha Baumung ◽  
Wilhelm F. Knaus
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Organic Dairy ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Systems ◽  
Organic Dairy Farms

AbstractThe literature implicates strongly that including energy supplements in dairy rations based on protein-rich forages increases performance and feed efficiency due to an improved and more balanced ruminal energy and protein supply. Therefore, both conventional and organic dairy farms primarily supplement roughages with concentrates, containing high proportions of cereal grains. However, considering the main principles of sustainable agricultural systems and nutrient cycles, the question of alternatives is raised. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare grain and maize silage as energy sources in organic dairy cow rations. Two grass–clover silage-based diets, offered on an ad libitum basis, were supplemented either with 1 kg grain mixture plus 0.5 kg hay (treatment group G) or 2.1 kg maize silage (treatment group M) on a dry matter (DM) basis. The trial was carried out as a change-over design and lasted for 15 weeks. Intake of concentrates, DM and utilizable crude protein in the duodenum (uCP) were similar in both treatments. However, significant differences between treatments G and M were found for grass–clover silage dry matter intake (DMI) (13.4 versus 12.9 kg), forage DMI (14.6 versus 15.7 kg), crude protein (CP) intake (2885 versus 2801 g), ruminal nitrogen balance (RNB) (40 versus 29 g) and intake of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (7630 versus 7900 g). Milk yield was not affected by treatment, but in treatment M, milk fat content was at 42.4 g kg−1, significantly higher, and milk urea concentration at 19.7 mg 100 ml−1, significantly lower, as compared with treatment G. Efficiency of N use (N in milk in % of N intake) tended to be improved in treatment M. Balances of energy and uCP (intake as a percentage of requirements) were unaffected by treatment.

Digestibility of Nutrients as Influenced by Supplementation of Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes in Dry Non-pregnant Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M, Lunagariya ◽  
R. S. Gupta ◽  
S. V. Shah ◽  
Y. G. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fibrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract

The study was planned to evaluate the effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) supplementation for 56 days @ 240 mg/kg total mixed ration (TMR) on digestibility of dry matter and nutrients in dairy cows. Six dry non-pregnant cows were assigned in each treatment with and without EFE. The digestibility trial of seven days was conducted after 49 days of feeding. Dry matter and nutrients intake of cows was not influenced by EFE. The supplementation of EFE had improved digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, cellulose (p less than 0.01), as well as digestibility of nitrogen-free extract and acid detergent fiber, was also higher (pless than 0.05). The body weight gain of cows was higher on the supplementation of EFE in TMR. The study concluded that feeding exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (240 mg/kg) supplemented TMR improved digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, which was reflected as higher body weight gain in dry non-pregnant Gir and crossbred dairy cows.

scholarly journals Application of Selected Inoculant Producing Antifungal and Fibrinolytic Substances on Rye Silage with Different Wilting Time

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 879
Author(s):  
Seong-Shin Lee ◽  
Jeong-Seok Choi ◽  
Dimas Hand Vidya Paradhipta ◽  
Young-Ho Joo ◽  
Hyuk-Jun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Fiber Digestibility ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Commercial Inoculant

This research was conducted to determine the effects of selected inoculant on the silage with different wilting times. The ryes were unwilted or wilted for 12 h. Each rye forage was ensiled for 100 d in quadruplicate with commercial inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum sp.; LPT) or selected inoculant (Lactobacillus brevis 100D8 and Leuconostoc holzapfelii 5H4 at 1:1 ratio; MIX). In vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility were highest in the unwilted MIX silages (p < 0.05), and the concentration of ruminal acetate was increased in MIX silages (p < 0.001; 61.4% vs. 60.3%) by the increase of neutral detergent fiber digestibility. The concentration of ruminal ammonia-N was increased in wilted silages (p < 0.001; 34.8% vs. 21.1%). The yeast count was lower in the MIX silages than in the LPT silages (p < 0.05) due to a higher concentration of acetate in MIX silages (p < 0.05). Aerobic stability was highest in the wilted MIX silages (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the MIX inoculation increased aerobic stability and improved fiber digestibility. As a result of the wilting process, ammonia-N in silage decreased but ruminal ammonia-N increased. Notably, the wilted silage with applied mixed inoculant had the highest aerobic stability.

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