PSV-2 Use of Pregnancy Associated Glycoproteins to Determine Fetal Age Throughout Gestation

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 207-208
Author(s):  
Adalaide C Kline ◽  
Kaitlin Epperson ◽  
Jerica Rich ◽  
Saulo Menegatti Zoca ◽  
Taylor Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Pregnancy Test ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Blood pregnancy tests have gained popularity as there is no need for a costly ultrasound machine or special training; however, blood pregnancy tests only provide an answer of pregnant or open. Conversely, palpation and transrectal ultrasonography can determine gestational age. The objective of this study was to determine if a commercially available blood pregnancy test could detect differences in pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) concentrations indicative of gestational age. Previously identified pregnant females were grouped by age (heifers n=173, cows n=512); blood samples were collected between d 27 and 190 of gestation. Serum was tested in duplicate using a commercially available blood pregnancy test, IDEXX Alertys Ruminant Pregnancy Test. Procedures were adapted to allow concentrations to be within detectible range of the assay. Data was analyzed using MIXED procedure of SAS with age and gestational age (animals grouped into four gestational groups 1;< 30, 2;30–90, 3;91–178, and 4; >178 d) in the model. There was an effect of age, gestational age, and age by gestational age interaction (P< 0.01). Heifers had greater PAG concentrations compared to cows. Among heifers, PAG concentrations did not differ between gestational groups 1, 2, and 3 (P>0.37), but group 4 had greater PAG concentrations than all other groups (P< 0.01). Among cows, PAG concentrations decreased from group 1 to 2 (P< 0.01), and then increased throughout gestation (P< 0.01). Within age, group data were analyzed using REG procedure of SAS. There was a positive correlation between gestational age and PAG concentrations among both heifers (P< 0.01; r2=0.25) and cows (gestational age 30 and greater P< 0.01; r2=0.64). In summary, among heifers circulating PAG concentrations increased with gestational age, but gestational age only accounted for 25% of the variation. Among cows, gestational age (d 30–190) accounted for 64% of variation in PAG concentrations, thus a modified blood pregnancy test may allow for determining gestational age.

scholarly journals Vermal Length and Transcerebellar Diameter in Gestational Age Estimation: A Guide to Forensic Expert

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Nadia Ahmad ◽  
S. L. Jethani ◽  
Deepa Singh ◽  
Ruchira Nautiyal
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Age Regression ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Gestational Age Estimation ◽  
Formalin Fixed ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Transcerebellar diameter is one of the reliable, constant predicting parameters to assess the gestational age and fetal growth. Other than this, measurements of vermis, mostly the vermal length (height), have also been mentioned by authors to assess gestational age. Establishing a correlation between parameters and advancing gestation would be helpful in estimating the gestational age of fetus. Aims and Objectives To establish a correlation of vermal length and transcerebellar diameter with gestational age. Materials and Methods An observational and descriptive study conducted on 60 formalin-fixed human cerebellums. Fetuses with gross congenital/neurological abnormality were excluded. Fetuses were grouped into four groups—group 1 (13–17 weeks), group 2 (18–22 weeks), group 3 (23–27 weeks), and group 4 (28–32 weeks of gestation). Vermal length and transcerebellar diameter were measured with help of Vernier calipers. The data obtained were analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 20.0 and one-way analysis of variance. Observation A linear increase in vermal length parameters and transcerebellar diameter were seen with increasing gestational age. Regression analysis was done and regression equation was derived for each parameter. Conclusion Such correlations would help in fetal age determination in the field of forensic studies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Plasma D-Dimer Concentration Among Normal and Complicated Pregnancies, Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Rana Zaini ◽  
Amani Al-Rehaili ◽  
Rahma Kufia
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
Latex Agglutination Assay

Objectives: The purpose of the current work is to evaluate D-dimer plasma level among both normal and complicated pregnancies such as gestational diabetes (GD) and hypertension (GH) among Saudi females. It is also focused on exhibiting any possible factors that could also play a role in rising D-dimer levels besides the age of the pregnant woman and the period of gestation. Materials and Methods: A semi-quantitative latex agglutination assay was performed in the blood sample of healthy non-pregnant, pregnant and pregnant females with GD and GH. Results: The results exhibited that 92% of pregnancies with GH and 90% of multiple pregnancies had high D-dimer levels. The analysis of the effect of age of pregnant women on D-dimer concentrations presented that 100% of pregnant women with GD, GH or multiple pregnancies aged above 40, had high levels of D-dimer. The results of the relationship between gestational age of pregnancies and D-dimer showed that by reaching the third trimester, about 66.6% of women who had multiple pregnancies had D-dimer concentration above 2000 ng/mL. Interestingly, all the pregnant females with GH had D-dimer concentrations above 2000 ng/mL. Conclusions: This study postulated that the concentrations of D-dimer significantly increase during pregnancy associated with common complications such as GD and GH. It is the first study to demonstrate the possible risk factors during pregnancy, which include age, number of pregnancies, gestational age and pregnancies with GD and GH, especially among Saudi Arabian women.

An Epidemiological and Diagnostic Study of Anaplasma ovis Parasite in Native Goats in Anbar Province- Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suad Shallal Shahatha
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Giemsa Stain ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group 4

This study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology of Anaplasma ovis parasite in the native goat of some areas in Anbar province (Ramadi, Fallujah, Khalidiya, Hit and Baghdadi), by collecting 156 blood samples of both sexes andm different ages ranging from one month to nine years for the period from March 2017 to February 2018, the parasite was diagnosed with microscopic examination using Giemsa stain. The results showed a total infection rate 34.6%, the infection rate in females was 38.8% higher than that of males 29.5% and significant differences (p≤ 0.05). The highest rate of infection (40, 39.5%) was observed for the age group 4-5 years and 6-7 years respectively. The highest rate was 75% in April and lowest rate 18.1% in February. The study also included a number of hematological parameters, which showed a decrease in total erythrocyte count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) in the infected goats.

Age-Specific Analysis of Injury; In Between Youth and Old, Late Middle Ages Increases Injury Vulnerability (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansol Chang ◽  
Ji Young Min ◽  
Dajeong Yoo ◽  
Sung Yeon Hwang ◽  
Hee Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUND Injury is a leading cause of both mortality and moderate and severe disability. Injury is preventable, and there had been many injury prevention strategies in the past. Age is one factor that affects injury characteristics. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the national prevalence of injury by age groups to probe new injury prevention strategies. METHODS This data was collected retrospectively from the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance (EDIIS) in South Korea, including patient data who visit 25 emergency departments between January 2011 and December 2017. Patients were divided into four groups by age: 18 to 34 years as group 1; 35 to 49 years, group 2; 50 to 64 years, group 3; 65 years and over, group 4. RESULTS A total of 1,221,746 patients were included, and each age group had a different injury pattern. Group 3 injury outcomes and injured body parts are similar to Group 4. This is why old age injury prevention strategies should be devised right from middle age and not after old age. Interestingly, in our study, Group 4 and Group 1 both were unlikely to have worn seatbelt when traffic injury occurred, which is different compared to other country studies. CONCLUSIONS In our study, each age group shows diverse characteristics in the mode of injury, place, time, and outcome and Group3, which represents late middle age, shows increased vulnerability. Therefore, it is imperative that all age groups have their own injury prevention method and more caution is needed in late middle age injury. CLINICALTRIAL This data was collected retrospectively from the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance (EDIIS) in South Korea.This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Samsung Medical Center, IRB No. 2020-05-042.

Nutritional stress and pre-implantation embryonic mortality in Merino sheep

1966 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Edey
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Pregnancy Test ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Maintenance Requirement ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Embryonic Loss ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 1

1. Embryonic mortality and reproductive performance were studied in 150 mature Merino ewes, groups of which were restricted to approximately 15% of their maintenance requirement from days 0to7 (group 1), 6to13 (group 3) and 13to20 (group 4) respectively. Groups 2and5 were controls. Ovulation point counts, returns to service, pregnancy test by laparotomy at day 40 and lambing performance were used to assess and apportion the embryonic loss.

scholarly journals O sujeito pronominal na fala de Natal/RN: retrato de uma mudança em tempo aparente / The Pronominal Subject in Natal/RN: Portraits of a Change in Apparent Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Rocha Martins ◽  
Sammy Vieira Carvalho Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Theory Of Variation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Grammatical Change ◽  
Group 1

Resumo: Seguindo os pressupostos da Teoria da Variação e Mudança linguística, apresentamos neste artigo uma análise de regra variável da expressão do sujeito pronominal em sentenças matrizes na fala de Natal/Rio Grande do Norte/Brasil, com o objetivo de mapear a evolução do preenchimento do sujeito nessa comunidade. Nossa hipótese é de que a fala de Natal evidencia um quadro de mudança gramatical que pode ser observada sob as lentes da mudança em tempo aparente, conforme postulados de Labov (1994). A amostra analisada compõe-se de oito entrevistas realizadas na década de 2010, extraídas do corpus FALA-Natal, com informantes socialmente estratificados. Considerando quatro faixas etárias diferentes dos informantes (Faixa 1 de 8 a 12 anos; Faixa 2 de 15 a 21 anos; Faixa 3 de 25 a 45 anos; e Faixa 4 mais de 50 anos), os resultados mostram que a representação do sujeito pronominal reflete um caso de mudança em tempo aparente, uma vez que construções com sujeitos preenchidos são condicionadas por informantes mais novos, da faixa etária 1, em oposição aos demais informantes das faixas subsequentes.Palavras-chave: preenchimento do sujeito; mudança em tempo aparente; português brasileiro; FALA-Natal.Abstract: In the Theory of Variation and Linguistic Change, we present an analysis of the variable rule of the expression of the pronominal subject in matrix sentences in the speech of Natal/Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil, with the aim of mapping the evolution of the subject’s filling in this community. Our hypothesis is that the speech of Natal shows a grammatical change, which can be observed in light of change in apparent time, as postulated by Labov (1994). The sample analyzed was taken from eight interviews conducted in the decade of 2010, extracted from the FALA-Natal corpus, with socially stratified informants. Considering four different age groups of informants (Group 1 from 8 to 12 years; Group 2 from 15 to 21 years; Group 3 from 25 to 45 years; and Group 4 over 50 years), the results show that the representation of the pronominal subject reflects a case of change in apparent time, since constructions with filled subjects are conditioned by younger informants, in age group 1, as opposed to the other informants in the subsequent groups.Keywords: subject completion; change in apparent time; Brazilian Portuguese; FALA-Natal.

An Epidemiological and Diagnostic Study of Anaplasma ovis Parasite in Native Goats in Anbar Province- Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Suad Shallal Shahatha
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Giemsa Stain ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group 4

This study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology of Anaplasma ovis parasite in the native goat of some areas in Anbar province (Ramadi, Fallujah, Khalidiya, Hit and Baghdadi), by collecting 156 blood samples of both sexes and different ages ranging from one month to nine years for the period from March 2017 to February 2018, the parasite was diagnosed with microscopic examination using Giemsa stain. The results showed a total infection rate 34.6%, the infection rate in females was 38.8% higher than that of males 29.5% and significant differences (p≤ 0.05). The highest rate of infection (40, 39.5%) was observed for the age group 4-5 years and 6-7 years respectively. The highest rate was 75% in April and lowest rate 18.1% in February. The study also included a number of hematological parameters, which showed a decrease in total erythrocyte count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) in the infected goats

scholarly journals Presence and Seroprevalence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in Pigs in Turkey

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Metiner ◽  
S. Ak
Keyword(s):  
Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
First Time ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Sera Samples ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Elisa Data

In this study, the presence and seroprevalence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in pigs raised in various regions of Turkey were investigated. For this purpose, 384 lung, tonsil and blood samples were taken by random sampling during the slaughter. The pigs did not show any signs of clinical respiratory tract disorders at the time of slaughter. Organ samples were used for isolation, and specific antibodies in 384 sera samples (of which 368 belonged to animals used in organ sampling) were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For isolation, the lung and tonsil samples were inoculated onto PPLO agar plates with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), and A. pleuropneumoniae (serotype 12) was isolated from only one of the tonsil samples. Of the 384 blood samples, 258 (67.2%) were found to be positive. 209 (54.4%) of the positive samples were determined to be group 1, and 49 (12.8%) were determined to be group 2. The effect of age and sex of the samples were found to be non-significant by statistical analysis of the ELISA data (p > 0.05). Isolation of A. pleuropneumoniae indicates the presence of the infection in Turkey for the first time and high seroprevalence supports this finding.

scholarly journals Morphometric Parameters of the Gallbladder in Children and Adolescents according to Intravital Imaging Findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
S. V. Chemezov ◽  
A. S. Lozinskii ◽  
A. K. Urbanskii
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Intravital Imaging ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Longitudinal Size ◽  
Group 1

The aimof the study is to establish age and gender patterns of morphometric parameters of the gallbladder in children and adolescents based on the findings of intravital imaging.Material and methods.The authors analyzed computed tomograms of the abdominal cavity of 75 children having no visible pathologies of the abdominal organs. The participants were divided into 4 agegroups: early childhood,  first  childhood,  second  childhood,  adolescence.  The diagnostic  procedure was  performed  on 16-slice computed tomographs; a longitudinal size, a distance between the right and left walls, a distance between the anterior  and posterior  walls  and  a  volume  of  the  gallbladder  were  detected  in  the  study.  The data  obtained  were processed using variational and statistical methods,the mean value (M), standard error (m) and the significance of differences according to the Student's t-test were determined.Results.The longitudinal size of the gallbladder averaged 4.5±0.1 cm in the entire sample, 4.3±0.1 cm in girls, and 4.6±0.1 cm in boys; there was detected an increase from 3.7±0.2 cm in group 1 to 4.8±0.3 cm in group 4 (p=0.023). The transverse size of the gallbladder was 1.8 ± 0.1 cm, while in girls  -1.8 ± 0.1 cm, and in boys  - 1.7  ±  0.1  cm.  The  value  of  this  parameter  increased in  all  examined  children  from  1.3  ±  0.1  cm  in  group  1  to 2.1 ± 0.1 cm in group 4 (p = 0.001). In patients of all groups the average value of the distance between the anterior and  posterior  walls  of  the  gallbladder  was  2.8±0.1  cm.  In  girls  this  parameter  was  2.8±0.1  cm,  and  in  boys  -2.9±0.1  cm.  This  parameter  increased  in  all  patients  from  2.4±0.1  cm  in  group  1  to  3.4±0.1  cm  in  group  4 (p=0.001). The volume of the gallbladder constituted 13.6±0.8 cm3, in girls this parameter was 12.8±1.0 cm3, and in  boys  - 14.2±1.3  cm3.  The  volume  of  the  gallbladder  increased  in  all  patients  from  7.3±1.1  cm3  in  group  1  to 19.4±1.9 cm 3 in group 4 (p=0.001).Conclusion.The most significant increase in most studied parameters (p≤0.05) was noted in children of the first childhood group compared with children of the early childhood group, and in adolescents co mpared with children  from  the  second  childhood  group  without  differentiation  by  gender. A  significant  increase  in  the  morphometric parameters of the gallbladder was determined mainly in boys of the first childhood group compared with  children  of  the  early  childhood  group  and  in  adolescents  compared with  children  of  the  second  childhood group. In girls there was observed a tendency to a smooth increase in parameters from group to group; a significant increase was determined by the parameter “the distance between the anterior and posterior walls” in children of the second age group compared with children of the first age group (p=0.022). Most of the gallbladder morphometric parameters did not significantly differentiate in girls and boys of the same age group.

scholarly journals Housing Density and Aggression in Syrian Hamsters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyago da Silva Medeiros Elidio ◽  
Jhônata Willy Rocha Coelho ◽  
Luiz Cesar Cavalcanti Pereira da Silva ◽  
Isabele Barbieri dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Housing Density ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) is a solitary and naturally territorial animal, with female hamsters being moreaggressive than males. This behavior makes handling difficult because they are usually housed in groups, which can leadto aggressive behavior. The objective of this study was to refine the management of Syrian hamsters in order to minimizeaggressiveness, reduce the animal injuries, and lessen the risk of accidents among laboratory animal technicians due to the hamster aggression during handling. The experiment was conducted at the Center for Animals Experimentation, OswaldoCruz Institute. Four groups of hamsters were observed by video recording: group 1 (group-housed males, 6 to 8 wk of age),group 2 (group-housed females 6 to 8 wk of age), group 3 (group-housed female, 3 to 4 wk of age), and group 4 (individually housed females, 6 to 8 wk of age). Group 1 animals were less aggressive and agitated both during housing and during handling by the animal technician as compared with groups 2 and 3. Groups 2 and 3 showed greater agitation and aggression. Marked reduction in the level of aggressiveness and agitation was observed in group 4 as compared with all other groups evaluated during handling by the animal technician. Male hamsters housed in groups of 4 and females housed individually has reduced risks of accident during handling, thereby averting distress and consequent physiologic alterations. Avoiding these risks is essential to obtaining reliable experimental results.

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