PSIV-B-18 Performance response of weanling and grower pigs fed graded levels of poultry byproduct meal (PBM) in the diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 392-392
Author(s):  
Jung Wook Lee ◽  
Tyler B Chevalier ◽  
Jim J Monegue ◽  
Merlin D Lindemann
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Performance Response ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Growth Trial ◽  
Preference Trial ◽  
Spray Dried

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to investigate effects of feeding graded levels of PBM on performance of weanling pigs and to evaluate feed preference for PBM-based diets relative to spray-dried plasma protein (SDPP)-based diets. A third experiment evaluated PBM in grower diets on performance. In Exp. 1, 120 pigs [body weight (BW) 7.1 ± 0.6 kg] were randomly allotted to 1 of 5 treatments (0, 1, 2, 3, or 5% PBM) and housed 4 pigs/pen for a 28-d growth trial. In Exp. 2, 60 pigs (BW 6.7 ± 1.4 kg) were randomly allotted to 1 of 3 comparisons including: Comparison 1) 0% PBM vs. 2% PBM, Comparison 2) 0% PBM vs. 2% SDPP, and Comparison 3) 2% PBM vs. 2% SDPP and housed 4 pigs/pen for a 28-d preference trial; pigs were provided ad libitum access to feeders; feeder location was switched 3 times/wk. In Exp. 3, 120 pigs (BW 25.9 ± 2.1 kg) were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 treatments (0, 1.25, 2.5 or 5% PBM) and housed 5 pigs/pen for a 41-d growth trial. Increasing PBM from 0 to 5% in Exp. 1 resulted in no differences in ADG (398, 417, 424, 432, and 428 g) or G:F (0.675, 0.686, 0.733, 0.711, and 0.717). Feed preference results (Exp. 2) demonstrated that pigs consumed a higher percentage (76 vs. 24%, P < 0.01) of their total feed intake from the 2% PBM-based diet compared to the 2% SDPP-based diet (Comparison 3). In Exp. 3, increasing PBM for grower pigs resulted in no differences in ADG (1007, 1025, 1002, and 1025 g) or G:F (0.484, 0.472, 0.484, and 0.478). Thus, feeding PBM up to 5% of the diet had no effect on overall performance of nursery or grower pigs, indicating it is an acceptable option as a feed ingredient.

scholarly journals Effects of Replacing Groundnut Cake with Blood Vegetable Waste Meal in the Diets of Weaner Rabbits

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Adedayo Abiodun Adeniji
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Ad Libitum

A total of seventy-two weaner rabbits of eight weeks of age were used to assess the effects of replacing groundnut cake (GNC) with blood vegetable waste meal (BVWM) in the diets of rabbits. The BVWM was fed to replace dietary GNC at 0, 15, 30, and 45%, with GNC being 15% in the control diet. The four experimental diets were fed ad libitum for a period of eight weeks. BVWM was analyzed to contain a crude protein value of 62.35%. There were comparable feed intake values by rabbits on all the diets although the rabbits in the higher replacement levels of BVWM tended to have consumed more of the feed. There were significant increases (P<0.05) in body weight gain by rabbits as the BVWM level increased in the diet. Similarly, the feed to gain ratio improved and nitrogen digestibility increased (P<0.05) with higher levels of BVWM in the diet. This study shows that rabbits can tolerate the 45% BVWM replacement of groundnut cake effectively.

scholarly journals Response of slow-growing chickens to feed restriction and effects on growth performance, blood constituents and immune markers

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef A Attia ◽  
Abd-Elhamid E Abd-Elhamid ◽  
Manal Mustafa ◽  
Mohammed A Al-Harthi ◽  
Mai Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immune Markers ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Slow Growing

An experiment was conducted to study the response of a slow growing chickens breed “Sinai” to feed restriction (FR) and the effects on growth performance, blood constituents and immune markers using a total number of 60 unsexed 7-d-old chicks. Chickens were housed in battery brooders during d 1 to 35 of age and randomly distributed keeping similar initial body weight, in two FR treatment groups. During 0-6 d of age, chickens were fed ad libitum, a mash commercial diet. During d 7-14 of age, chickens were fed either 100 or 80 % of the daily amount of feed consumed by the control group during the previous day. From d 15 to d 35, chickens were fed ad libitum diets a mash commercial diet. At the end of the experiment, body weight gain on the FR regimen was significantly lower than that of the control group, but feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not affected. In addition, red blood cells parameters and white blood cells traits were not negatively affected. However, hemagglutination inhibition titter for New castle disease virus, monocyte and total cholesterol were significantly decreased by FR regimen, but blood plasma albumin and immunoglobulin A significantly increased. In conclusion, slow growing chickens could tolerate 27.2 % FR during the 2nd week of age without significant differences in feed intake and FCR for the whole period, and general health status and metabolic profiles indicating a compensatory growth during 15-35 d of age although growth was in favour to the unrestricted group. 

scholarly journals PSXI-6 Effects of different feeding strategies during gestation on the reproductive performance of crossbred Landrace-Yorkshire sows

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 388-388
Author(s):  
Yuanfei Zhou ◽  
Jian Peng
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
North American ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
American System ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different feeding strategies during gestation on the reproductive performance of sows. A total of 1121 American Landrace-Yorkshire (YL) crossbred sows and parity from 1 to 4 were assigned randomly to “North American System” feeding pattern or “Danish System” feeding pattern during gestation basing on the backfat thickness and body weight. Sows received the same diet and fed ad libitum during lactation. Results showed that over the entire gestation period, there was also no difference in average daily feed intake and total feed intake between two groups (P &gt; 0.05). “Danish System” group has significantly improved the backfat thickness at gestation 30 d (P &lt; 0.01). At 110 d of gestation, there was no difference of the backfat thickness between two groups (P &gt; 0.05). “Danish System” group had significantly increased the total number of born (P = 0.02) and born alive (P = 0.04). The number of total born (P = 0.04), stillborn (P = 0.05) and mummies (P = 0.02), had significantly different in between parities of sows. Mummies had significantly interaction effect (P = 0.01). No different was observed for the number of weaned pigs, litter weight at weaning, piglet weight, and weaning to oestrus interval between two groups. However, a significant increase of litter weight at weaning, piglet weight, was associated with increased parity of sow (P &lt; 0.01). The results of the present investigation showed that “Danish System” group could significantly increase the litter size and number born alive. Our findings point to the importance that the Danish system can be applied to North American genotypes.

Adaptation of growing pigs to changes in environmental temperature

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Morrison ◽  
L. E. Mount
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Ad Libitum

SUMMARYPigs fed ad libitum were exposed to changes from 22 to 33°C and from 33 to 20°C. Responses were investigated in two groups of animals kept for three successive periods of four weeks at 22°, 33° and finally 20°C.Twenty-four hr after the first change, from 22 to 33°C, there was a decline in body weight; after the second change, from 33 to 20°C, there was a large increase. After the change to 33°C, feed intake by the second day and growth rate for the first week were about the same as at the end of the four weeks, but about 12 days were required for water intake, rectal temperature and respiratory rate to reach steady values.After the change from 33 to 20°C, steady values for respiratory rate and rectal temperature were reached in one and 12 days respectively. The rate of gain in weight increased to reach a peak nine days following the temperature change and then declined.

Growth rate and its effect on empty body weight, carcass weight and dissected carcass composition of sheep

1976 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Murray ◽  
Olga Slezacek
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Ad Libitum

SummaryThe effect of three different growth rates from 15 to 40 kg live weight on the body composition of lambs was studied. The treatments were: High (H) ad-libitum feed intake, Low (L) restricted feed intake and High–Maintenance–High (HMH) ad-libitum feed intake from 15 to 25 kg followed by a 50-day period during which live weight was maintained constant, which in turn was followed by ad-libitum feeding. The animals were individually penned and fed a pelleted lucerne chaff-cereal grain mixture. Two animals were killed at the start of the experiment (15 kg) and the remaining 27 animals (nine in each treatment) were killed at common live weights of 25, 30, 35 and 40 kg. Analyses of covariance were used to compare linear regression equations representing results from each treatment using the logarithmic transformation of the allometric equation, y = axb.Animals in the H and L treatments had a mean growth rate from 15 kg until slaughter of 0·23 and 0·09 kg/day, respectively. From a live weight of 15 to 25 kg, the HMH group grew at a similar rate as the H group, viz. 0·22 and 0·21 kg/day, respectively. After the 50-day period of maintenance of live weight, the HMH animals killed at 30, 35 and 40 kg showed a marked compensatory growth response to ad-libitum feeding. These HMH animals had a mean growth rate of 0·37 kg/day compared with 0·26 kg/day for H animals over identical live-weight ranges.Empty body weight (EBW) formed a similar proportion of full body weight (FBW) in all three treatments. As a proportion of FBW, hot carcass weight (HCW) was similar in the H and L treatments, while at the 35 and 40 kg slaughter weights HCW was less in the HMH than in the H treatment. HCW also formed a lower proportion of EBW at the 35 and 40 kg slaughter weights in the HMH, than in both the H and L treatments. In the L treatment, HCW formed a greater proportion of EBW than in the H treatment, indicating a greater offal component of EBW in the H animals.The results of carcass dissection studies showed that, at the same dissected side weight (DSW), the amount of muscle, bone, connective tissue and total side fat (TSF) was similar in the three treatments. Although no differences were found between treatments in TSF, there were significant treatment effects on both the subcutaneous and inter-muscular fat depots. Animals in the H treatment had more and less, respectively, subcutaneous and intermuscular fat than the L animals. The amount of intermuscular fat was also greater in the HMH than in the H treatment.

Relationships of body weight, forage composition, and corn supplementation to feed intake and digestion by Holstein steer calves consuming bermudagrass hay ad libitum.

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 2634 ◽  
Author(s):  
A L Goetsch ◽  
Z B Johnson ◽  
D L Galloway ◽  
L A Forster ◽  
A C Brake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Ad Libitum

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF JUVENILE BODY WEIGHT AND TWO FEEDING REGIMES DURING THE GROWING PHASE ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND EARLY LAY CHARACTERISTICS OF PULLETS.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
K. L. Ayorinde ◽  
U. K. Oke
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feeding Regime ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Ad Libitum

TWO experiments were conducted using 500 Black Olympian pullets to determine the effects of Juvenile body weight (Trial 1) and feeding regime (Trial 2) on growth and early lay performances. Results in trial 1 indicated significantly (P < 0.05) higher body weight at first egg (1489.9 vs 1383.8g) and 32 weeks of age (17833 vs 1655.2g) in heavybody weight (HBW) than LightBodyweight (LBW) groups but not on other parameters. Feeding the birds ad libitum also resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher feed intake during the first 18 weeks of age (9036.4 vs 6803.70. 18 -32 weeks of age (14,065.9 vs 11,420.9g), weight of first egg (47.43 vs. 43.16g), hen-housed average (53.9 vs 38.7%), egg mass (2,88039 vs. 211038g), feed/ dozen eggs (22853 vs. 1768.1g), grain feed /egg (190.4 vs. 14730 and body weight at 32 weeks of age (1808.1 vs 1716.6g). The results indicated earlier age at sexual maturity,lower mortality and higher body weights in H BW and ad lib feed (AF) groups but better production efficiency (feed/dozen eggs, cost/dozen eggs) in LBW and restricted feed (RF) groups.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF EARLY WEANING OF PIGS TO A DRY OR LIQUID MILK DIET ON SUBSEQUENT GROWTH AND CARCASS MEASUREMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
F. N. Madubuike
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Liquid Milk ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dry Diet

Forty-five Yorkshire baby pigs from five litters (9 pigs from each litter and with mean body weight 1.9kg), at two days of age were randomly, within litter, left with the sow to 21 days of age (treatment 1), weaned to a 24% protein dry diet fed ad libitum (treatment 2), or to homogenized cow milk fed in restricted amounts four times daily to 21 days of age (treatment 3). From day 22, all pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal type diet containing 18% protein to 10 weeks of age, and a similar diet containing 16% protein from 10 weeks of age to slaughter at approximately 160 days. Average daily weight gain (ADG) and live body weight at slaughter were significantly lower, and feed/gain significantly higher among cow milk-fed pigs (treatment 3) than among pigs left with the sow until 3 weeks (treatment 1) and pigs weaned to dry diet (treatment 2). Backfat thickness, loin eye area, yield of lean cuts and dressing percent did not differ significantly among treatments. The results confirmed that weaning at two to three days to a dry diet fed ad libitum or to cow milk fed in restricted amounts four times daily is feasible, but overall performance from birth to slaughter of pigs weaned to a dry diet at two days of age was similar to that of pigs weaned at three weeks of age and superior to that of pigs weaned to cow milk at two days of age.

GROWTH AND DIGESTIBILITY STUDIES WITH GROWING–FINISHING PIGS RECEIVING WHOLE BARLEY OR GROUND BARLEY BY VARIOUS FEEDING METHODS

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. BEAMES ◽  
T. N. NGWIRA
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding ◽  
Growth Trial

Two growth trials and one digestibility trial with growing–finishing pigs are reported. In each growth trial, three groups of six barrows and three groups of six gilts were placed on each of the four dietary treatments of barley plus 15% soybean meal from approx. 23 kg body weight to approx. 84 kg body weight. The four treatments consisted of providing barley whole or ground, with the concentrates either mixed with the barley or supplied 6 h after the meal of barley. The feed allowance was slightly greater in the second trial than in the first. In the digestibility trial there were two sources of barley, each presented in three forms: whole, rehydrated acid-preserved whole, and ground, all mixed with the concentrates. Each diet was supplied at a restricted level or ad libitum to barrows at 28.9 kg and 57.0 kg mean body weight. In neither growth trial was there a significant effect of method of providing the ground barley on performance. With whole barley, feed efficiency was significantly inferior to that obtained with ground barley, being 20–37% lower when whole grain and concentrates were mixed, but only 5–16% lower when the whole grain and concentrates were provided separately. The digestibility trial indicated no differences between the two forms of whole grain, but a superior utilization of the ground grain. Dry matter digestibility of both forms of whole grain was significantly greater in the younger pigs than in the older pigs, increasing from 63.0 to 71.1% for the whole grain, and from 62.3 to 73.2% for the rehydrated acid-preserved whole grain. Dry matter digestibility of ground grain averaged 77.6% and was not affected by age of pig, but was significantly reduced by ad libitum feeding.

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