scholarly journals PSI-8 Impact of protein or chloride source on Boer goat carcass characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 245-245
Author(s):  
Madeline Neufeld ◽  
Rachel Sorensen ◽  
James Lattimer ◽  
Alison Crane ◽  
Cassandra K Jones
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Goat Population ◽  
Dairy Nutrition ◽  
The Impact

Abstract With a growing goat population in the United States comes a greater emphasis on understanding the role of inexpensive or alternative ingredients in goat diets. However limited data is available on how these ingredients impact goat carcass composition. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the impact of protein or chloride source on Boer goat carcass characteristics. Growing goats were fed 1 of 5 isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets for 42 d prior to slaughter in a completely randomized design. Diets included the following as their protein and primary chloride source: 1) soybean meal (SBM) with ammonium chloride (AmCl); 2) dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) with AmCl; 3) SoyPlus (Dairy Nutrition Plus, Ames, IA) with AmCl; 4) SBM with SoyChlor (Dairy Nutrition Plus, Ames, IA); and 5) SoyPlus with SoyChlor. Fifty goats (10 per treatment) were slaughtered in a USDA-inspected facility (Paradise Locker Meats, Trimble, MO), with carcass data collected initially (HCW) or after a 24-h chill. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure on SAS, with goat as the experimental unit. Differences in final body weight were not detected among dietary treatments (P = 0.284), nor were there differences in hot carcass weight or carcass yield (P > 0.05). Goats fed diets with SBM, regardless of chloride source, had greater (P < 0.05) loin eye area than those fed diets with SoyPlus and SoyChlor. There was no detected impact (P > 0.05) of dietary treatment on goat backfat depth or body wall thickness. In summary, the ingredients tested had limited impact on yield or fat proportion in goats when calorie and crude protein levels were held constant. However, goats fed SBM-based diets had greater loin eye area than those fed SoyPlus and SoyChlor.

PSIV-4 The Impacts of Feeding Corn Co-products and Ionophores to Growing Boer Goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 215-216
Author(s):  
Payton L Dahmer ◽  
Tamra Kott ◽  
Alison Crane ◽  
James Lattimer ◽  
Cassandra K Jones
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate corn dried distiller’s grains with solubles (DDGS) and corn gluten feed (CGF) as replacements for soybean meal (SBM) and determine the impact of an ionophore on Boer goat growth performance and carcass characteristics. In Exp. 1, 75 Boer-goat kids (initial BW 26.9 ± kg) were allotted to one of 5 dietary treatments: 1) Negative control (100% SBM, 0% DDGS and 0% CGF; 100SBM); 2) Positive control (100% DDGS, 0% CGF and 0% SBM; 100DDGS); 3) 66% DDGS, 33% CGF and 0% SBM (66DDGS/33CGF); 4) 66% CGF, 33% DDGS and 0% SBM (33DDGS/66 CGF); and 5) 100% CGF, 0% DDGS and 0% SBM (0DDGS/100CGF). Dietary treatment did not impact (P ≤ 0.21) growth. In Exp. 2, 72 Boer-goat kids (initial BW 21.7 ± kg) were allotted to one of 4 dietary treatments in a 2 X 2 factorial with 2 protein sources and 2 ionophore inclusions: 1) SBM/no ionophore (SBM-NI); Diet 2) SBM with ionophore (SBM-I); Diet 3) DDGS/no ionophore (DDGS-NI); and Diet 4) DDGS with ionophore (DDGS-I). On d 21, goats were split into 2 groups according to their protein source and fed an additional d 10 (Group 1: DDGS-I; Group 2: SBM-I). The 15 heaviest goats from each group were harvested and carcass data collected. The protein source X ionophore interaction was not significant (P ≥ 0.15) for any measured response criteria. Goats fed a diet with SBM had significantly increased (P = 0.04) ADG compared to goats fed DDGS. No evidence of difference was observed (P ³ 0.10) for ADFI or G:F. Dietary treatment did not impact (P &gt; 0.05) carcass characteristics. In summary, these data suggest that corn co-products can be economically included in Boer-goat diets, however their impact on growth performance is variable compared to that of soybean meal.

scholarly journals PSI-10 Impact of protein or chloride source on Boer goat growth performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 246-247
Author(s):  
Ashley L Royce ◽  
Rachel Sorensen ◽  
James Lattimer ◽  
Alison Crane ◽  
Cassandra K Jones
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Meat Goat ◽  
Kansas State University ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Limited research for least cost goat diets is available for meat goat producers. The objective of this project was to evaluate the impact of protein source or chloride source on Boer goat growth performance. Because diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric, it was hypothesized that the replacement of soybean meal (SBM) and ammonium choloride (AmCl) with alternative protein and Cl sources would reduce diet costs without impacting growth performance. To test this hypothesis, 75 Boer-influenced goats (23.5 ± 2.9 kg BW; approximately 75 d of age) were allocated to 5 treatments in a completely random design in a climate-controlled facility of the Kansas State University Sheep and Meat Goat Center. Goats were stratified by BW into 25 pens (5 pens/treatment; 3 goats/pen) for a 42 d finishing study. Diets included: 1) SBM with AmCl; 2) dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) with AmCl; 3) SoyPlus with AmCl; 4) SBM with SoyChlor; and 5) SoyPlus with SoyChlor. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS with pen as the experimental unit. There were no detectable differences of dietary treatment on ADG, ADFI, or G:F (P > 0.05). Using a pre-planned contrast statement, it was revealed goats fed diets with AmCl had lower ADG than goats fed diets with SoyChlor (P = 0.013; 125 vs. 165 g/d, respectively). While growth performance was relatively similar, the ingredient costs varied, leading to differences in feed cost per goat (P < 0.0001; $19.60, $16.07, $18.03, $25.82, $23.14 for diets containing SBM with AmCl, DDGS with AmCl, SoyPlus with AmCl, SBM with SoyChlor, SoyPlus with SoyChlor, respectively). These results confirm the hypothesis that goats can have similar growth responses with lower feed costs, leaving producers with options for optimizing growth performance on a least cost basis.

scholarly journals Effects of distillated myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) leaves’ intake on cull ewes’ body weight gain, carcass composition and meat quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. e0613
Author(s):  
Souha Tibaoui ◽  
Hadhami Hajji ◽  
Samir Smeti ◽  
Ilyes Mekki ◽  
Ines Essid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion

Aim of study: Cull ewes are characterized by poor body condition, low body weights and tough meat texture. This work aimed to investigate the effect of distillated myrtle leaves (MDL) intake on body weight (BW) gain; carcass characteristics and meat quality of Barbarine cull ewes.Area of study: Northwest of TunisiaMaterial and methods: 27 Barbarine ewes were assigned into 3 groups receiving 500 g of oat hay and 750 g of concentrate control group (C), while they were given concentrate and pellets, containing 87% MDL, as substitute to hay in MHay group; for MConc group, they were fed hay, concentrate and pellets containing 30% MDL in partial substitution to concentrate. At the end of the fattening period (90 days), ewes were slaughtered.Main results: The dry matter intake was higher (p<0.05) for MConc and C groups. The average daily gain was significantly higher for C and MConc than MHay groups (113 and 107 vs. 87 g, respectively). Ewes fed MHay and MConc had a significantly lower feed conversion rate than Control group (12.5 vs. 15.4). Dietary treatment had no significant effect on carcass joint’s weight and proportions. The dressing percentage and carcass tissue composition were similar for all groups. The ultimate pH, water cooking loss and color parameters values were unaffected by the type of diet.Research highlights: These findings revealed that MDL could substitute, in ewes feeding, up to 87% to hay or up to 30% to concentrate without negative effects on body weight, carcass characteristics and meat quality.

Growth, feed intake and carcass characteristics of indigenous goats fed local resources in Tunisian arid land

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ayeb ◽  
M. Seddik ◽  
N. Atti ◽  
M. Atigui ◽  
I. Fguiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Olive Leaves ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Goat Population ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Daily Allowance

Native genetic resource of goats is a pivotal source for meat and milk in southern Tunisia. Feeding is one of the most important activities of goat husbandry. Perceptions on the role of native feed resources for growth and carcass characteristics have not been well studied. Therefore, the present study was designed to help understand and to compare the influences of local forage resources (grass hay, dried olive leaves, Stipa tenacissima and oat hay) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of kids. The kids with the age of 4 months (average live bodyweight of 15 ± 58 kg) were selected for the study. The three study groups in the 90-day trial were as follows: Group C, where animals received oat hay only (control), Group OL, where animals received olive leaves (dried) + S. tenacissima and Group GH, where animals received grass hay. A daily allowance of commercially available concentrate (305 g DM/day) was offered to all groups (making about half of the total DM intake). At the end of the experiment, all animals were slaughtered. Statistical analysis showed that total DM intake was lower (P < 0.001) in C group (490.77 g) than the other two groups having similar DM intake (619.22 and 589.28 g for OL and GH, respectively). Average daily gain was comparable for the three groups (38.33, 40.71 g and 39.52, respectively, for C, OL and GH), with similar final liveweights. Cold carcass weight and carcass yield were not affected by diet treatment. Diet had no significant effect on individual organ weights and carcass composition. The use of the local forage resources evaluated in this trial could be used for the local goat population without loss of productivity when they make up about half of the diet along with a concentrate feed.

scholarly journals PSII-9 Effect of avilamycin on nursery pig performance and health

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 234-235
Author(s):  
Robyn Thompson ◽  
Laura Greiner ◽  
Amanda Graham ◽  
Brandon Knopf
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Feeding Duration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Four hundred (PIC 337 X Camborough, PIC, Hendersonville, TN) and 800 (PIC 359 X C29) barrows and gilts were used to determine the impact of avilamycin (Kavault®, Elanco, Greenfield, IN) on nursery pig performance. Upon weaning, the lightest 10% of pigs were sorted off to form one replication and the remaining pigs were sorted by sex and placed into blocks with 25 pigs/pen. Six of the 48 pens were assigned to a non-feed grade medication control treatment. Remaining blocks were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments (50 g Mecadox/ton, 73 g Kavault/ton d0 to d21, 73 g Kavault/ton d0 to d42). Diets were formulated to meet or exceed NRC (2012) recommendations. Pen weights and feed intake information were collected for calculation of ADG, ADFI, and F:G. Pigs were vaccinated against porcine circovirus, Mycoplasma hyopnuemoniae, Salmonella, and Lawsonia. Diagnostic samples showed presence of E. coli and Salmonella. Pigs were PRRSv and PEDv negative. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS with pen as experimental unit and treatment as a fixed effect. LSMeans were considered significant at P ≤ 0.05 and considered a trend at P > 0.05 and P ≤ 0.10. Final body weight (d42) was not significantly different (P = 0.26), but there were numerical improvements in body weight for all medication treatments compared to the control (0.68, 0.68, and 1.5 kg for Mecadox, Kavault 21 d and Kavault 42 d respectively). Overall ADG (0.46, 0.45, 0.48, 0.45 kg, respectively) was greatest and F:G was lowest for the Kavault 42d treatment, although differences were not always significant (P > 0.05). Feeding medications numerically lowered the percentage of injectable medication intervention compared to controls (110.8, 12.7, 137.2, and 156.0%, respectively). Avilamycin appears to be an effective medication option for pigs in 42 d nursery programs but the anticipated response may differ depending on feeding duration.

Effect of long-term feeding of graded levels of deoxynivalenol on performance, nutrient utilization, and organ health of grower-finisher pigs (35-120 kg)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O Wellington ◽  
Michael A Bosompem ◽  
Lucas A Rodrigues ◽  
Daniel A Columbus
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Final Body Weight

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of long-term feeding of graded levels of DON on performance, nutrient utilization, and organ health of grower-finishing pigs. A total of 240 mixed-sex grower-finisher pigs (35.9 ± 1.1 kg initial body weight) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (6 pigs/pen; 10 pens/treatment) for 77 d. Diets consisted of a control diet without DON (CONT) and diets containing 1, 3, or 5 ppm DON (DON1, DON3, or DON5). Nitrogen-balance was determined in 1 pig/pen during week 6 and 12 of the study. Growth performance measures were taken weekly for average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and gain:feed (GF) until d 77. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 14, 42, 56, and 84 from 1 pig/pen for analysis of indicators of liver and kidney function. On d 7, ADG and ADFI for pigs fed DON3 and DON5 diets were lower (P &lt; 0.05) compared to DON1- and CONT-fed pigs. Overall ADG and ADFI (d 0-77) were lower in DON3- and DON5-fed pigs compared to CONT and DON1 pigs (P &lt; 0.05), with no difference in GF (P &gt; 0.05). Final body weight was reduced in DON3- and DON5-fed pigs (P &lt; 0.05) compared to CONT and DON1, which were not different (P &gt; 0.05). No significant (P &gt; 0.05) treatment effects were observed on carcass characteristics. In the grower-phase, protein deposition (PD) was reduced in DON3 and DON5 pigs compared to CONT and DON1 pigs (P &lt; 0.05). In the finisher phase, PD was not affected by dietary treatment (P &gt; 0.05). There was no effect of dietary treatment on the majority of selected serum chemistry (P &gt; 0.05). In summary, pigs exposed to diets containing &gt; 1 ppm DON had reduced growth performance with little or no effect on nitrogen utilization, organ health, or carcass characteristics, suggesting that the negative effects of DON may be largely due to depressed feed intake.

scholarly journals Effects of supplementing late-gestation sow diets with zinc on preweaning mortality of pigs under commercial rearing conditions1

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-530
Author(s):  
Julia P Holen ◽  
Pedro E Urriola ◽  
Mark Schwartz ◽  
Jae-Cheol Jang ◽  
Gerald C Shurson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Piglet Mortality ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to determine preweaning survival of pigs when sows were supplemented with 3 dietary levels of zinc (Zn) in late gestation. Gilts and sows (n = 339) were assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments based on parity. Dietary treatments were 1) Control—sows fed a corn–soybean meal-based diet containing 125 ppm total supplemental Zn supplied by ZnSO4 (75 ppm Zn) and AvailaZn (50 ppm Zn, CON); 2) Intermediate—as Control + 240 ppm supplemental Zn as ZnSO4 (INT); and 3) High—as Control + 470 ppm supplemental Zn as ZnSO4 (HI). Final supplemental Zn concentrations of the 3 dietary treatments were 1) CON—125 ppm; 2) INT—365 ppm; and 3) HI—595 ppm. Sows received dietary treatments from about day 85 of gestation until farrowing. Individual piglet birth weights were recorded within 12 h of parturition. Instances of piglet mortality were recorded daily. The statistical model considered fixed effects of treatment and random effects of parity. Piglets from sows fed the INT diet had heavier (P &lt; 0.05) birth weights than those fed CON (1.42 vs. 1.38 kg, respectively), while offspring from sows fed HI tended to have heavier (P &lt; 0.10) birth weights (1.40 kg) than pigs from INT sows. Furthermore, incidence of low birth weight pigs was less (P &lt; 0.05) for sows consuming INT compared with sows fed CON and HI. Despite differences in birth weight, there were no differences (P &gt; 0.05) in total pigs born, born alive, or weaned, nor differences in individual piglet gain or weaning weight across treatments. Mortality of low birth weight pigs was lowest (P &lt; 0.05) for offspring from sows fed HI (28.1%) compared with offspring from sows fed INT (36.1%) and CON (38.3%). Similarly, overall piglet mortality tended to decrease (P &lt; 0.10) as dietary Zn content increased (CON: 15.0%, INT: 13.2%, and HI: 12.2%). A subset of pigs (n = 420, n = 140/treatment) were selected at weaning to evaluate effects of dietary treatment on postweaning performance. There were no significant effects of sow Zn supplementation on final body weight, days to market, or carcass characteristics of market pigs. Overall, effects of supplemental dietary Zn at 365 and 595 ppm in late gestation improved preweaning survival of low birth weight piglets and reduced overall preweaning mortality of piglets.

scholarly journals PSI-31 Impact of feeding increasing levels of dried distillers grains with solubles on Boer goat carcass characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 253-253
Author(s):  
Abbey Pentz ◽  
Cassandra K Jones
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Goat Meat ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Meat Goat

Abstract Little is known about effective feed formulation in meat goat diets. With the demand of goat meat rising, producers are looking for cost-efficient yet effective diet formulations to produce quality goat meat. The objective of this project was to evaluate carcass characteristics of Boer-influenced goats after being fed corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) as a replacement for soybean meal (SBM). It was hypothesized that high quantities of DDGS would decrease carcass quality, especially carcass yield. To test this hypothesis, 48 Boer-influenced goats (avg. weight 62.2lbs) were split evenly into 16 pens (3 goats/pen) and were fed an acclimation diet for 14 days. Pens were allocated to one of four treatments: 1) 0% SBM replaced by DDGS; 2) 33% SBM replaced by DDGS; 3) 66% SBM replaced by DDGS; and 4) 100% SBM replaced by DDGS. Diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Pens of goats were provided a self-feeder containing their respective treatments for 47 d. After the challenge was completed, the lightest and heaviest goat from each pen was then harvested in a USDA-inspected abattoir and carcass data collected. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS v9.4. Differences were considered significant if P &lt; 0.05. Dietary treatment did not impact (P &gt; 0.05) any measured carcass trait, including hot carcass weight (P = 0.67), percent carcass yield (P = 0.79), loin eye area (P = 0.51), loin eye depth (P = 0.98), backfat depth (P = 0.50), and body wall thickness (P = 0.65). These results yield a disproven hypothesis, but show that DDGS may be an economical feed ingredient for meat goat diets without negatively impacting carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals Chromium propionate supplementation alters animal growth performance, carcass characteristics, and skeletal muscle properties in feedlot steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica O Baggerman ◽  
Zachary K Smith ◽  
Alex J Thompson ◽  
Jongkyoo Kim ◽  
Jerilyn E Hergenreder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fiber ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing concentrations of Cr propionate (CrP) on feedlot performance, blood parameters, carcass characteristics, and skeletal muscle fiber properties in feedlot steers. Crossbred steers (n = 32; 367 ± 2.5 kg; 16 pens; 2 hd/pen) were blocked by body weight (BW), and treatment was randomly assigned to pen: (1) 0 mg added Cr/kg diet dry matter (DM) (control), (2) 0.15 mg added Cr/kg diet DM (CrP; KemTRACE Chromium 0.04%, Kemin Industries, Des Moines, IA), (3) 0.30 mg added Cr/kg diet DM, and (4) 0.45 mg added Cr/kg diet DM. Steers were fed ad libitum, and the treatment was top-dressed at the time of feeding. Body weights, blood samples, and longissimus biopsies were collected before feeding on days 0, 28, 56, 91, 119, and 147. Blood sera were harvested for analysis of glucose, insulin, sera urea nitrogen, and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations. Longissimus biopsies were collected for gene expression, protein expression, and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Pen was the experimental unit for live and carcass data, and steer was the experimental unit with day as a repeated measure for sera and IHC analyses. For the entire duration of the trial, a linear increase in average daily gain (ADG) (P = 0.01) and improvement in G:F was observed (P = 0.01) with no change in DMI (P = 0.11) with increasing CrP. A linear increase in hot carcass weight (HCW) (P ≤ 0.01) with no other changes in carcass composition were noted (P ≥ 0.38) as the level of dietary CrP increased. There was no effect of treatment on any sera parameters measured (P ≥ 0.10). No difference was detected for gene or protein expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) due to CrP supplementation (P ≥ 0.10). For skeletal muscle fiber distribution and cross-sectional area, there was no effect of treatment (P ≥ 0.10). Density of total GLUT4 did not change due to CrP (P ≥ 0.10). Internalization of GLUT4 was increased in the 0.30 and 0.45 mg/kg treatments (P &lt; 0.01). For total nuclei density and myonuclei density, there were treatment × day interaction tendencies (P ≤ 0.08). Supplementation of CrP did not alter density of satellite cells (P ≥ 0.10). The number of transporters located in the sarcolemma of skeletal muscle fibers did decrease, implying fewer proteins were needed to transport extracellular glucose into the muscle fiber. Therefore, CrP may augment cellular function and growth via increased efficiency of GLUT4 function. These results indicated CrP increases BW, ADG, and HCW, without changes in circulating sera parameters or total GLUT4 expression.

scholarly journals PSVIII-13 Finishing non-castrated male and female pigs have different response to the lysine to energy ratio

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 205-205
Author(s):  
Pau Aymerich ◽  
Carme Soldevila ◽  
Jordi Bonet ◽  
Josep Gasa ◽  
Jaume Coma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Energy Ratio ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Large White ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Dose Response Study ◽  
Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the differential effect of the lysine to energy ratio on boars and gilts in the finishing phase. The effect of the standardized ileal digestible Lysine (SID Lys) to net energy (NE) ratio was analyzed in a dose-response study with 780 crossbred finishing pigs (Pietrain x (Landrace x Large White)) with an initial weight of 69.6±8.7 kg. Pigs were distributed in pens of 13 pigs, used as the experimental unit. Each pen was randomly assigned by BW and block to one of the SID Lys:NE levels (2.64, 3.05, 3.46, 3.86 and 4.27 g SID Lys/Mcal NE), with 6 replicates per dietary treatment and sex. Diets were isoenergetic (2,460 kcal NE/kg) and fed for 41 days. Individual carcass composition was measured at the end of the experiment. Statistical analysis to determine the effect of SID Lys:NE consisted on linear and quadratic polynomial contrasts. In addition, broken-line linear (BLL) models were fit when possible. Increasing the SID Lys:NE ratio had a linear (p&lt; 0.001) and quadratic (p=0.020) effect on boars ADG. However, it did not have neither a linear nor quadratic effect on gilts ADG. Regarding FCR, increasing the SID Lys:NE ratio linearly decreased (p&lt; 0.001) and showed a quadratic tendency in boars (p=0.055). For gilts only a linear decrease was reported (p=0.001). In addition, carcass leanness increased linearly on boars (p&lt; 0.001) but not in gilts (p=0.097). Based on BLL modelling, growth of boars was maximized at 3.13 g SID Lys/Mcal NE (95% CI: [2.84, 3.43]) and FCR minimized at 3.95 g SID Lys/Mcal NE (95% CI: [3.46, 4.44]). The results of this experiment confirmed a differential response of boars and gilts to the lysine to energy ratio.

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