scholarly journals Predialysis fluid overload and gait speed: a repeated measures analysis among patients on chronic dialysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Carlos ◽  
Barbara Grimes ◽  
Mark Segal ◽  
Kirsten Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fluid Overload ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Slow gait speed is associated with hospitalization and death. We examined whether predialysis fluid overload contributes to gait speed impairment. Methods We measured predialysis gait speed at baseline and 12 and 24 months among 298 patients recruited in the A Cohort Study to Investigate the Value of Exercise in ESRD/Analyses Designed to Investigate the Paradox of Obesity and Survival in ESRD. We used multivariable linear mixed modeling to examine associations between patient data and gait speed. We then added either bioimpedance-estimated volume of predialysis fluid overload or volume of delivered ultrafiltration to ascertain whether fluid excess was associated with gait speed and its trajectory. We also tested whether fluid overload change with time was predictive of gait speeds. Results The mean baseline gait speed was 1.01 m/s and it declined by an average of 0.08 m/s/year. Older age, nonwhite race, Hispanic ethnicity, diabetes, recent fall, recent hospitalization, tobacco use and lower serum albumin were associated with slower gait speed. Each liter of predialysis fluid overload was associated with a 0.02 m/s slower gait speed [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01–0.04, P = 0.008] and 0.05 m/s additional slowing per year (95% CI 0.03–0.06, P < 0.0001). Higher ultrafiltration volumes were associated with 0.07 m/s slower gait speed per 3% body weight removed (0.002–0.14, P = 0.045) but not with gait speed trajectory (P = 0.08). Patients who increased fluid overload walked 0.08 m/s slower compared with those who decreased fluid overload (95% CI 0.003–0.15, P = 0.04). Conclusions Predialysis fluid overload was associated with slower gait speed and gait speed decline over time. Interventions that limit fluid overload may lead to improvements in physical performance.

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment of Cuspal Deflection in Premolars Restored with Bulk-Fill and Conventional Composite Resins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Yarmohammadi ◽  
Shahin Kasraei ◽  
Yasaman Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Maxillary Premolars ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Over Time

Objectives: It has been reported that bulk-fill composites simplify tooth restoration with no adverse effect on the success rate. This study sought to assess the cuspal deflection of premolars with mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavities restored with bulk-fill and conventional posterior composite resins. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro experimental study was conducted on 64 human maxillary premolars. MOD cavities were prepared on teeth and restored with Filtek P60 conventional composite and Filtek Bulk Fill flowable, X-tra fill, and X-tra base bulk-fill composites in four groups (n=16). Distance between the cusp tips was measured before, five minutes, 24 hours, 48 hours, and one week after restoration. The data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test (α=0.05). Results: The mean±standard deviation (SD) of cuspal deflection at five minutes after the restoration was 13.5±5.3, 12.2±3.5, 11.3±4.4, and 10.4±3.7 µm for Filtek P60, Filtek Bulk Fill, X-tra fill, and X-tra base, respectively. ANOVA showed that bulk-fill composites did not cause a significant reduction in cuspal deflection compared to P60 (P>0.05). Cuspal deflection in all groups significantly decreased with time (P<0.05). Conclusion: Bulk-fill composites have no superiority over P60 in the reduction of cuspal deflection. The cuspal deflection was variable at different time points in all groups and decreased over time.

Efektivitas Comprehensive Breastfeeding Education terhadap Keberhasilan Pemberian Air Susu Ibu Postpartum

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Nurbaeti ◽  
Kustati Budi Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
Breastfeeding Education ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) masih merupakan masalah bagi pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi bayi baru lahir. Dukungan agar ibu menyusui bayi merupakan hal penting dalam menginisiasi dan mempertahankan pemberian ASI. Strategi dibutuhkan untuk mendukung keberhasilan menyusui. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis efektivitas comprehensive breastfeeding education terhadap keberhasilan pemberian (ASI) pada periode postpartum. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan kuasi eksperimen one group pre post test repeated measured design. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 22 ibu dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan pada bulan September–Oktober 2013 di Puskesmas wilayah Kota Tangerang Selatan. Intervensi dilakukan selama 30 menit. Pengumpulan data dilakukan sebelum intervensi, 3 hari setelah intervensi (post1), dan 10 hari setelah intervensi (post 2). Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan observasi. Keberhasilan pemberian ASI berdasar pada parameter pengetahuan, langkah menyusui, perlekatan bayi, dan kecukupan ASI. Analisis data menggunakan general linear model repeated measureANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya signifikansi comprehensive breastfeeding education (p=0.001). Rata-rata keberhasilan pemberian ASI sebelum dan setelah intervensi meningkat. Sebesar 93,9% intervensi memengaruhi tingkat keberhasilan. Rata-rata sebelum intervensi 56,74 (SD 5,92), post 1 sebesar 60,83 (SD 6,38) dan post2 sebesar 74,55 (SD 5,32). Subvariabel yang memiliki efek secara signifikan setelah intervensi adalah pengetahuan (p=0.001) dan langkah menyusui (p=0.001), sedangkan subvariabel perlekatan bayi (p=0.061) dan kecukupan ASI (p=0.162) tidak secara signifikan berbeda antara sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Pelaksanaanbreastfeeding education disarankan pada ibu agar dapat melakukan posisi perlekatan bayi yang benar sehingga dapat mengurangi masalah-masalah berkaitan dengan perlekatan yang tidak sesuai seperti puting perih, lecet atau berdarah, dan bayi kurang puas dalam menyusu yang bisa mengakibatkan gagalnya program ASI ekslusif.Kata kunci:Menyusui, pendidikan, perlekatan, postpartum AbstractBreastfeeding have still been problem for adequate newborn nutrition. Adequate breastfeeding support is essential for mothers to initiate and maintain optimal breastfeeding practices. A strategic needed to support successful breastfeeding. The purpose of research is to analyze the effectiveness comprehensive breastfeeding education on successful breastfeeding at postpartum periods. A quasi-experimental one group pretest, post test, repeated mesaured was used. This study was conducted at public health in Tangerang Selatan municipality in September–October 2013 among 22 postpartum mothers, convenience sampling methods. Intervention was done 30 minute. Data were collected before intervention (pretest), third day after intervention (post 1) and tenth day after intervention (repeated/post 2) using four parameter, that are knowledge, breastfeeding steps, proper lacth-on and adequate breastmilk. Using repeated measures analysis of variance there was a significant increase (p=0.001) in the overall Successful breastfeeding mean. Around 93,9% the effectiveness of intervention influence on successful. The mean before intervention is 56,74 (SD 5,92), increased at post 1:60,83 (SD 6,38) and post 2:74,55 (SD 5,32). Subvariable which has effect significantly after intervention is knowledge (p=0.001) and breastfeeding steps (p=0.001), in contrary, proper latch-on (p=0,061) and adequate breastmilk (p=0.162) have no significant effect after intervention. Suggestion to support breastfeeding education and counselling proper latch-on adequately that can decrease the problem such as painful, creaks or bloody putting.Key words: Breastfeeding, education, latch-on, postpartum

scholarly journals Mood and Global Symptom Changes among Psychotherapy Clients with Depressive Personality

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Maddux ◽  
Lars-Gunnar Lundh
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Depressive Personality ◽  
Symptom Changes ◽  
Psychotherapy Clients ◽  
Over Time

The present study assessed the rate of depressive personality (DP), as measured by the self-report instrument depressive personality disorder inventory (DPDI), among 159 clients entering psychotherapy at an outpatient university clinic. The presenting clinical profile was evaluated for those with and without DP, including levels of depressed mood, other psychological symptoms, and global severity of psychopathology. Clients were followed naturalistically over the course of therapy, up to 40 weeks, and reassessed on these variables again after treatment. Results indicated that 44 percent of the sample qualified for DP prior to treatment, and these individuals had a comparatively more severe and complex presenting disposition than those without DP. Mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine between-groups changes on mood and global severity over time, with those with DP demonstrating larger reductions on both outcome variables, although still showing more symptoms after treatment, than those without DP. Only eleven percent of the sample continued to endorse DP following treatment. These findings suggest that in routine clinical situations, psychotherapy may benefit individuals with DP.

scholarly journals Low Plasma Albumin Linked to Fluid Overload in Postoperative Epidural Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 703-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karan Malhotra ◽  
Benedict Axisa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fluid Therapy ◽  
Fluid Overload ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Vasopressor Therapy ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Prospective Audit ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean

INTRODUCTION Hypotension is commonly associated with epidural use in postoperative patients and is usually treated with fluid or vasopressor therapy. The former can result in fluid overload, associated with significant morbidity. This study aimed to identify factors increasing the likelihood of fluid overload in elective patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective audit of fluid therapy in elective, postoperative, epidural patients was carried out over a 6-week period in a teaching hospital in England. Demographic, biochemical, and fluid balance data were collected and analysed to determine which factors had the strongest correlation with fluid overload. Fluid overload was calculated as the percentage of net fluid input relative to pre-operative body weight (%FO). RESULTS Thirty-two patients were included in this study. An overload of 10% of the patients' pre-operative body weight was considered significant. The mean fluid overload incurred by patients in this study was 8.17 l (range, 2.89–14.62 l); %FO was 11.32% (range, 3.67–26.10%). The strongest independently correlating factor to fluid overload was initial, postoperative plasma albumin. Patients with a plasma albumin less than 27 g/l developed significant overload: mean overload 9.75 l (range, 2.89–14.62 l), %FO 15.12% (range, 4.81–26.10%), whilst those with an albumin level greater than 27 g/l did not: mean overload 6.77 l (range, 3.34–11.48 l), %FO 7.96% (range, 3.67–13.93%); P = 0.0001. CONCLUSIONS Patients receiving epidurals with initial, postoperative, plasma albumin levels below 27 g/l are at increased risk of significant fluid overload. Earlier instigation of vasopressor therapy in this subgroup of patients may help prevent this.

scholarly journals Provincial and Temporal Variation in Macrolide and Lincosamide Antimicrobial Use by Outpatients in Canada, 1995 to 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiona K Glass-Kaastra ◽  
Rita Finley ◽  
Jim Hutchinson ◽  
David M Patrick ◽  
Karl Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Secular Trend ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Over Time

INTRODUCTION: Because antimicrobial use is commonly associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance, monitoring the volume and patterns of use of these agents is very important.OBJECTIVE: To assess the use of macrolide and lincosamide (ML) antimicrobials within Canadian provinces over time, and to compare use rates with those reported by European countries.METHODS: Antimicrobial prescribing data were used to develop two yearly metrics: prescriptions per 1000 inhabitant-days (PrIDs) and the mean defined daily doses (DDDs) per prescription, which were then used to build linear mixed models to assess differences among provinces over time.RESULTS: After accounting for repeated measures over time, prescribing rates (PrIDs) varied significantly according to province and year (P<0.001). However, little change occurred within each province over the time frame studied; from 1995 to 2010, each province had a PrID change <0.01. Quebec and British Columbia had significantly lower prescribing rates than all other provinces. No overall secular trend was apparent. In contrast, the DDDs per prescription did not vary significantly according to province, but showed a significant year-to-year increase.DISCUSSION: ML prescribing varied among provinces in Canada between 1995 and 2010, but remained relatively stable within each province. The average DDDs per ML prescription did not vary according to province, but increased linearly over time. These increases are likely to indicate that fewer prescriptions are being written for children over time, a practice supported by good antimicrobial stewardship principles.

Effect of an early mobilisation programme on pain intensity after laparoscopic surgery: a randomised clinical trial

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2020-002618
Author(s):  
Azam Dehghani ◽  
Ali Hajibagheri ◽  
Ismail Azizi-Fini ◽  
Fatemeh Atoof ◽  
Noushin Mousavi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Early Mobilisation ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
The Mean

BackgroundPain is a common complication after laparoscopic surgery. This study aimed to examine the effect of an early mobilisation programme on postoperative pain intensity after laparoscopic surgery.MethodsA randomised controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan, Iran. The patients were randomly allocated to intervention (n=40) and a control (n=40) group. In the intervention group, an early mobilisation programme was implemented in two rounds. The patient’s perceived pain was assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale 15 min before and 30 min after each round of early mobilisation. Data were analysed through the independent samples t, χ2 and Fisher’s exact tests and the repeated measures analysis.ResultsThe repeated measures analysis showed that the mean pain scores have been decreased over time (F=98.88, p<0.001). Considering the observed interaction between time and the intervention, the t test was used for pairwise comparisons and showed that the mean pain score was not significantly different between the two groups in 15 min before the first round of early mobilisation (p=0.95). However, the mean pain in the intervention group was significantly less than the control group in all subsequent measurements (p<0.05).ConclusionEarly mobilisation programmes such as the one implemented in the current study are easy and inexpensive and can be implemented safely for the reduction of pain after laparoscopic surgeries.

Reducing the Loss of Velocity and Power in Women Athletes via Rest Redistribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin J. Merrigan ◽  
James J. Tufano ◽  
Jonathan M. Oliver ◽  
Jason B. White ◽  
Jennifer B. Fields ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Back Squat ◽  
Percentage Loss ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Training History

Purpose: To examine rest redistribution (RR) effects on back squat kinetics and kinematics in resistance-trained women. Methods: Twelve women from strength and college sports (5.0 [2.2] y training history) participated in the randomized crossover design study with 72 hours between sessions (3 total). Participants completed 4 sets of 10 repetitions using traditional sets (120-s interset rest) and RR (30-s intraset rest in the middle of each set; 90-s interset rest) with 70% of their 1-repetition maximum. Kinetics and kinematics were sampled via force plate and 4 linear position transducers. The greatest value of repetitions 1 to 3 (peak repetition) was used to calculate percentage loss, [(repetition 10–peak repetition)/(peak repetition) × 100], and maintenance, {100–[(set mean–peak repetition)/(peak repetition)] × 100}, of velocity and power for each set. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used for analyses (P < .05). Results: Mean and peak force did not differ between conditions. A condition × repetition interaction existed for peak power (P = .049) but not for peak velocity (P = .110). Peak power was greater in repetitions 7 to 9 (P < .05; d = 1.12–1.27) during RR. The percentage loss of velocity (95% confidence interval, –0.22% to –7.22%; P = .039) and power (95% confidence interval, –1.53% to –7.87%; P = .008) were reduced in RR. Mean velocity maintenance of sets 3 (P = .036; d = 1.90) and 4 (P = .015; d = 2.30) and mean power maintenance of set 4 (P = .006; d = 2.65) were greater in RR. Conclusion: By redistributing a portion of long interset rest into the middle of a set, velocity and power were better maintained. Therefore, redistributing rest may be beneficial for reducing fatigue in resistance-trained women.

scholarly journals 50 Effects of post-weaning supplementation of immunomodulatory feed ingredient on body weight and cortisol levels in programmed fed beef heifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
Jessica L Danielo ◽  
Jessie Tipton ◽  
Ralph Ricks ◽  
Keelee J McCarty ◽  
Nathan Long
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Corn Germ ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Post Infusion ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effects of an immunomodulatory feed ingredient during post-weaning on growth and cortisol levels of beef heifers. Commercial Angus heifers (n = 72) from two AI sires were blocked (n = 9) by sire and BW and then randomly assigned to one of two pens per block. Each pen (4 heifers/pen) per block was assigned to one of the treatments. Heifers were fed a commercial TMR twice daily from d 0 to 60 to gain 0.75 kg/day. The feed was top-dressed once a day with either 72g of Celmanax (CEL) or 72g of corn germ (CON) per pen. Body weight was collected on d -1, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 61. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60. Sixteen heifers (n = 8 CEL; n = 8 CON) were randomly selected for a corticotropin releasing hormone/ arginine vasopressin (CRH/AVP) challenge after the 60 d period. Two heifers per pen (n = 32) were randomly selected for a transportation challenge to evaluate stress response on d 61 or 62 of the study. Pen was the experimental unit and data was analyzed by ANOVA or repeated measures analysis as appropriate. Feed efficiency and BW gain was increased (P = 0.04) in CEL heifers compared to CON heifers. Serum cortisol concentrations were decreased (P < 0.01) in CEL heifers compared to CON heifers on d 30 to 60 post-weaning. Serum cortisol concentrations were decreased (P < 0.05) in CEL heifers compared to CON heifers during the CRH/AVP challenge from 60 to 150 minutes post infusion. Serum cortisol concentrations were decreased (P < 0.05) in CEL heifers compared to CON heifers throughout the transportation challenge. In summary, supplementation of Celmanax post-weaning increased BW gain and reduced cortisol concentrations in beef heifers.

Stability of Intravenous Famotidine Stored in Polyvinyl Chloride Syringes

DICP ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 588-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda S. Bullock ◽  
Joseph F. Fitzgerald ◽  
Helen I. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Over Time

The stability of intravenous famotidine in dextrose 5% injection (D5W), NaCl 0.9% injection (NS), and sterile water for injection stored in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) syringes at 4°C for 14 days was studied. The concentration of famotidine samples was determined at time 0, 7 days, and 14 days by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Samples were inspected for visual changes and tested for changes in pH. Results of the HPLC analysis indicated that the famotidine samples remained within 94-100 percent and 99-103 percent of the time 0 concentrations at 7 and 14 days, respectively. Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated a significant time effect on famotidine concentration as concentrations changed over time (p<0.01). This change was small in magnitude, however, and concentrations decreased at 7 days and increased at 14 days. Famotidine is stable at a concentration of 2 mg/mL in D5W, NS, and sterile water for injection stored in PVC syringes at 4°C for 14 days.

scholarly journals Randomized Split-Mouth Study on Postoperative Effects of Palmitoylethanolamide for Impacted Lower Third Molar Surgery

ISRN Surgery ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Bacci ◽  
Giulia Cassetta ◽  
Bruno Emanuele ◽  
Mario Berengo
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Third Molar Surgery ◽  
Third Molar Extraction ◽  
Drug Tolerability ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Molar Extraction

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Normast 300 mg in reducing swelling and pain after the surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars. Materials and Methods. A randomized, split-mouth, single-blind study was conducted on 30 patients between 18 and 30 years of age requiring lower third molar extraction. Patients underwent bilateral extractions in a randomized sequence, one extraction being performed under Normast treatment. The Normast treatment involved 2 tablets a day for 15 days. The parameters assessed at each procedure were trismus, swelling, pain, NSAID consumption, postoperative complications, drug tolerability, and safety. The results obtained were processed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results. Perceived postoperative pain was reportedly significantly milder on Normast treatment than control. The trend of the means differed over time (P<.0001) and between the two extraction groups (P<.0221). On the other hand, for edema and trismus, the trend differed over time for both groups but did not differ between the two groups. Discussion. Our analyses indicate that patients experienced significantly less postoperative pain when they were treated with Normast. Conclusions. Administering Normast improves the postoperative course—in terms of pain—after lower third molar extraction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document