Disorienting Neoliberalism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin L. McKean
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
The World ◽  
Iris Marion Young

In a dizzying global economy full of injustices that threaten our freedom, people who want to promote justice should be disposed to solidarity with each other. When global supply chains assemble products from every corner of the global and workers’ economic futures seem ever more uncertain, the very neoliberal theories that helped usher in this world also provide a powerful way to understand and navigate it. Those who want to resist the injustices of today’s global economy need to reorient their way of seeing so that it is possible to act more effectively. By drawing on a diverse range of thinkers from G. W. F. Hegel and John Rawls to W. E. B. Du Bois and Iris Marion Young, Disorienting Neoliberalism provides an account of freedom that can inform transnational movements for justice. By explaining how neoliberal institutions and ideas constrain the freedom of people throughout the supply chain from worker to consumer, the book provides a new orientation to the global economy in which it is possible for people to see one other as partners in resisting a shared obstacle to freedom and thus be called to collective action. Cultivating this disposition to solidarity better expresses freedom than the pity and resentment which global inequality so often gives rise to. In doing so, the book shows how political theory can be a source of orientation to the world, illuminating how ideals can help guide action even when they may be impossible to realize.

Moving toward a Global Supply Chain Operations and the Impact on International Competition

2012 ◽  
pp. 1626-1636
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mahmoud Aghazadeh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Domestic Firms ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
The Impact

As the domestic businesses expand, many are making the choice to use foreign products, labor, and services to aid in their production. Global supply chains are minimizing the costs of the production process but are also creating vulnerabilities to home countries. As the global economy changes, the competitiveness between countries grows. Competitiveness can affect everything from a country’s economy to how a firm conducts international business. Addressing the need to find a method to increase the United States competitiveness in the world economy by improving the use of global supply chains would help to make domestic firms more successful in the global economy. Studying how companies position themselves abroad is important to providing insight into how to become more competitive. Worldwide companies are diversifying by moving more of their supply chain to international locations. This is providing them with many benefits such as better markets for products, lower costs, and more advanced technologies. As a result, the competitive strategy of companies is to increase production and decrease costs through the most efficient global supply chain. Maximizing the potential of domestic firms’ global supply chains is one of the most effective ways to increase U.S. competitiveness. If more big businesses in the United States are willing to participate on the global level, then the US will be able to improve their competitiveness.

Moving toward a Global Supply Chain Operations and the Impact on International Competition

2013 ◽  
pp. 466-476
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mahmoud Aghazadeh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Domestic Firms ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
The Impact

As the domestic businesses expand, many are making the choice to use foreign products, labor, and services to aid in their production. Global supply chains are minimizing the costs of the production process but are also creating vulnerabilities to home countries. As the global economy changes, the competitiveness between countries grows. Competitiveness can affect everything from a country’s economy to how a firm conducts international business. Addressing the need to find a method to increase the United States competitiveness in the world economy by improving the use of global supply chains would help to make domestic firms more successful in the global economy. Studying how companies position themselves abroad is important to providing insight into how to become more competitive. Worldwide companies are diversifying by moving more of their supply chain to international locations. This is providing them with many benefits such as better markets for products, lower costs, and more advanced technologies. As a result, the competitive strategy of companies is to increase production and decrease costs through the most efficient global supply chain. Maximizing the potential of domestic firms’ global supply chains is one of the most effective ways to increase U.S. competitiveness. If more big businesses in the United States are willing to participate on the global level, then the US will be able to improve their competitiveness.

Introduction

John Rawls ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Real World ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Political Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
Ideal Standards ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
The Ideal

What is the relation between political theory and political practice? In what ways can political philosophy help people to address real injustices in the world? John Rawls argues that an important role of political philosophy is to identify the ideal standards of justice at which we should aim in political practice. Other philosophers challenge this approach, arguing that Rawls’s idealizations are not useful as a guide for action or, worse, that they are an impediment to addressing actual injustices in the world. They argue, instead, that political philosophy ought to be focused on theorizing about the elimination of existing injustice. Still others argue that principles of justice should be identified without any constraint concerning the possibility of implementation or regulation in the real world at all....

scholarly journals LA GLOBALIZZAZIONE DELLA DISEGUAGLIANZA. ASPETTI TEORICI, EMPIRICI E DI POLICY

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Targetti Lenti
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
International Integration ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Since the beginning of the 90’s inequality, once again, become one of the central issues of the economic debate from different perspectives: theoretical, applied and of policy. Not only increased the attention toward the inequality within countries, but also toward the global one, that is the inequality between countries and between citizens of the world as they belong to a single community. The effects of globalization on inequality are still very controversial. According to some authors international integration has produced not only instability and recurring crises, but also a growing inequality within and between countries. For other authors, instead, inequality and poverty decreased with the globalization. This paper will analyze the issue of global inequality mainly from an empirical standpoint. First of all, however, it will be discussed some issues related to the definition of the phenomenon with reference to the theoretical as well to the normative aspects. The empirical analysis will be undertaken by distinguishing the weight of the inequality between countries from that within countries on global inequality. Changes of synthetic indexes will be calculated, but also the differences in income’s distribution in each country will be analyzed. This kind of analysis, innovative with respect to the traditional ones, will allow to observe how the differences in the income’s distribution of industrialized and of developing countries can justify phenomena of the global economy such as, for example, migratory flows.

Pandemic Corporate Governance Approaches

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
E.I. Zvorykina ◽  
A.L. Politov ◽  
Yu.V. Zvorykina
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Tremendous Impact ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on the business and global investment community. This pandemic differs from the previous ones in that it occurs in the digital age; the epidemiological situation around the world is recorded daily, this allows the one to model the forecasts quite accurately; most companies have the ability to continue working, but to organize it in a remote format. However, one of the devastating factors is that a pandemic destroys global supply chains, disrupts production and can lead to a significant loss of company revenue and adversely affect the global economy. The ability to adapt to these conditions, as well as the speed of this process are important factors for the survival of companies. Corporate governance plays an important role in this process. This article describes the main trends in the organization of corporate governance in a pandemic.

Integration of the Extended Gateway Concept in Supply Chain Disruptions Management in East Africa-Conceptual Paper

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 235-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Wanzala Werikhe ◽  
Zhi Hong Jin
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Supply Chain Disruptions ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The World ◽  
Conceptual Paper

In the recent past, emerging regions of the world have become significant contributorsin powering growth of the global economy. The regions have experienced increase in foreign direct investment, rise in volumes of exports and imports, and an increase in shipping lines towards such regions. Africa in this trend has not been left behind with the IMF reporting that six out of ten fastest growing economies in the world are found in Africa. Specifically, East Africa is one of the regions that have experienced this positive trend relating to moreintegration of the economies, high average GDP growth, and tremendous increase in international freight destined for overseas and inlandthrough the ports of Mombasa and Dares Salaam. The rise in freightvolume however, has resulted into port terminal capacity and productivity challenges, congestion along transport corridors, damage of highways, traffic jam in port cities and environmental pollution hence making the nature of growth and development expensive and unsustainable. This conceptual paper therefore tries topropose the adoption of the ‘extended gateway concept ‘to be integrated into East Africa’s transportation -logistics systemin order to manage and prevent supply chain related disruptions related to time,costs,reliability and safety .The paper presents a theoretical meaning of the concept, discusses the logistical challenges of East Africa from a shipping perspective, and proposes a ‘Three tier’ Extended gateway model for the region based on the development of inland intermodal terminals or dry ports to achieve a modern, economically and environmentally sustainable fright transportation system.

Features of vegetable production in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Т.Н. Сурихина ◽  
Р.А. Мещерякова ◽  
Г.А. Телегина
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Open Ground

В статье рассмотрены результаты влияния пандемии COVID-19 на экономику и овощеводство России. Вспышка COVID-19 создала дисбаланс в мировой экономике. Введенные странами карантинные меры, предпринимаемые для сглаживания распространения пандемии, негативным образом повлияли на экономическую ситуацию в мире и экономику отдельных стран, в том числе России. Нарушение цепочки поставок товаров привело к росту цен на сырьевые и продовольственные товары, к закрытию предприятий и увольнениям. Введение ограничений на экспорт товаров снизило объемы импорта. В январе 2021 года по сравнению с январем 2020 года снижение импорта в России по продовольственным товарам и сырью для их производства составило 4,2%, по овощам – 11,5%. Цены на ввозимые в страну овощи в 2,5–3,4 раза превышали цены на экспортируемые. Однако потери в овощеводстве из-за пандемии оказались минимальными. Валовой сбор овощей в целом по стране в 2020 году составил 13,8 млн т., что на 1,7% ниже уровня 2019 года. При этом валовые сборы овощей открытого грунта сократились на 3,1%, овощей защищенного грунта – выросли на 6,6%. Возникли трудности с реализацией овощей, так как в кризисный период из-за пандемии COVID-19 спрос на овощи упал на 30%. Кроме того, население переключилось на более дешевые овощи. Правительства различных стран мира для поддержания производителей и потребителей предприняли ряд мер. The results of the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the Russian economy and vegetable growing are considered. The COVID-19 outbreak has created an imbalance in the global economy. The quarantine measures imposed by countries to mitigate the spread of the pandemic, continue to have a negative impact on the economic situation in the world and the economy of individual countries, including Russia. Disruptions in the supply chain of consumer and industrial goods have led to higher prices for raw materials and food products, to business closures and layoffs. The introduction of restrictions on the export of goods has reduced the volume of imports. In January 2021, compared to January 2020, the decrease in imports for food products and raw materials for their production was 4.2%, for vegetables – 11.5%. The prices of imported vegetables were 2.5–3.4 times higher than the prices of exported vegetables. The losses in this area due to the pandemic were minimal. The gross harvest of vegetables in the whole country in 2020 amounted to 13.8 million t, which is 1.7% lower than in 2019. At the same time, the gross harvest of open ground vegetables decreased by 3.1%, and of protected ground vegetables increased by 6.6%. There were difficulties with the sale of vegetables. During the crisis period, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for vegetables fell by 30%. The population switched to cheaper vegetables. To support producers and consumers world countries governments undertook measures.

Addressing Deforestation in Global Supply Chains: The Industry Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Carodenuto
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Peanut Butter ◽  
Forest Monitoring ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
The World ◽  
Persistent Poverty

<p>The winner of the International Statistic of the Decade is <strong>8.4 million </strong>– the number of football pitches deforested from 2000 to 2019 in the Amazon rainforest. The Royal Statistical Society selected this statistic to give a powerful visual to one of the decade’s worst examples of environmental degradation. Global food supply chains are the major driver behind this deforestation. As globalization has dispersed the production of goods around the world, global supply chains increasingly displace the environmental and social impacts of consumption in rich and emerging economies to distant locations. Grown predominantly in (sub)tropical ecosystems and consumed in industrialized economies, cocoa/chocolate represents the inherent transnational challenges of many of today’s highly prized foods. Chocolate’s distinct geographies of production and consumption result in forest loss and persistent poverty in places far from the immediate purview of consumers. Despite growing public awareness and media attention, most consumers of conventional cocoa/chocolate products are unable to know the precise origins of their chocolate due to its complex supply chain involving multiple intermediaries. Outside of niche chocolate products that carry significantly higher price tags, the average chocolate consumer buying a Mars bar or Reeses peanut butter cup remains in the dark about the social and environmental impacts of their purchases. In 2017, the global cocoa/chocolate industry responded by committing themselves to “zero deforestation cocoa,” whereby they aim for full supply chain traceability to ultimately end deforestation and restore forest areas in cocoa origins.</p><p>The problem that this research aims to address is that despite their continued proliferation, corporate zero deforestation supply chain initiatives have thus far had only modest success in reaching their stated aims (Lambin et al. 2018). As company pledges grow in number and magnitude, deforestation continues in many commodity production areas, especially in tropical forest areas (Curtis et al. 2018). Through a systematic review of company pledges. this research brings more understanding to what precisely the global cocoa industry is committing to, and how these pledged changes are meant to be rolled out in practice. This knowledge will improve accountability by bringing clarity to questions surrounding who is meant to do what and how along the bumpy road to zero deforestation cocoa. Further, this research will shed light on the lesser known actors in the cocoa supply chain: the intermediary cocoa traders often operating informally in cocoa origins though a case study in Côte d’Ivoire- the world’s number one cocoa exporter. As technological advancements in commodity traceability and forest monitoring reduce the perceived distance between cocoa producers and their downstream buyers, supply chain actors are forging new partnerships to reduce the climate footprint of chocolate. This research accompanies one of these innovative partnerships between cocoa farming and chocolate eating communities.</p><p>References</p><p>Curtis et al. (2018). Classifying drivers of global forest loss. Science, 361(6407), 1108-1111.</p><p>Lambin, et al. (2018). The role of supply‐chain initiatives in reducing deforestation. Nature Climate Change, 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558‐017‐0061‐1, 109–116.</p><p> </p>

US Trade Actions Against China: A Supply Chain Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrie Walmsley ◽  
Peter Minor
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Supply Chain Model ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Trade Analysis ◽  
Global Trade Analysis Project

In 2018, the United States (US) Administration initiated several trade actions, including tariffs on China for unfair trade practices outlined by the US Trade Representative (USTR). In response, China filed requests for consultations with the World Trade Organization (WTO) and has implemented or threatened to implement increased tariffs on US products. In this article, the implications of current and potential US trade actions and responses by China on the US and global economy are estimated. We employ a dynamic supply chain model based on the widely used Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) Data Base and model. Our analysis finds that US gross domestic product (GDP) would be reduced by a projected –0.86 per cent in 2030 (or US$227.8 billion in 2017 dollars), as the role of the USA in global supply chains declines significantly. China’s GDP would also decline considerably by 2.84 per cent as a result of the actions imposed against it, while the rest of the world gain, as they fill the gaps left by US and Chinese producers. JEL: F16, C68

scholarly journals Preparing Engineering Students for the Global Sourcing Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Louis Manzione ◽  
Akram Abuaisheh ◽  
Narendar Sumukadas ◽  
Steve Congden
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Global Sourcing ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Study Abroad Programs ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Product Realization

<p><strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><em>Abstract</em>—Globalization and rapid changes in modern product development and realization are creating gaps in engineering education systems around the world. The global economy has changed the way that engineering firms design, develop, and produce their products. Companies need to evaluate many options available worldwide, not just locally. The current trends are only likely to continue as the world economy becomes more competitive, interdependent, and characterized by global relationships among supply chain partners.  This paper presents a plan for preparing engineering students for the new global sourcing environments and product realization processes. Infusions of supply chain management and project management skills into the curriculum are recommended, as well as use of university-industry partnerships, course portfolios, and study abroad programs.</span></span></strong></p>

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