Moral Neighborhoods

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-126
Author(s):  
Karen Stohr
Keyword(s):  
Social Practices ◽  
Ideal Theory ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Moral Formation ◽  
Moral Improvement ◽  
The Social

This chapter presents an argument that moral identities are cultivated within shared normative spaces called moral neighborhoods. Moral neighborhoods are constructed through networks of social practices and conventions that are situated in specific physical and social environments. The chapter draws on Confucian ideas about the role of ritual in moral formation, as well Jane Austen’s novels, to argue that these networks of social practices are important for moral improvement. Good moral neighborhoods enable participants to work out and enact shared moral aspirations in the form of jointly constructed narratives. The social practices of good moral neighborhoods create normative spaces in which we enact fictive moral selves. Because moral neighborhoods are constructed in non-ideal conditions, they must be responsive to the underlying social and physical landscape if they are to reflect shared moral aspirations. Creating a good moral neighborhood is thus a practical exercise in non-ideal theory.

scholarly journals A Pattern-Oriented Approach to Fair Use

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Madison
Keyword(s):  
Social Practices ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Social ◽  
Case Application ◽  
Use Factors ◽  
Oriented Approach

More than 150 years into development of the doctrine of "fair use" in American copyright law, there is no end to legislative, judicial, and academic efforts to rationalize the doctrine. Its codification in the 1976 Copyright Act appears to have contributed to its fragmentation, rather than to its coherence. This Article suggests that fair use is neither badly conceived nor badly applied, but that it is too often badly understood. As did much of copyright law, fair use originated as a judicially-unacknowledged effort via the law to validate certain favored social practices and patterns. In the main, it has continued to be applied as such, though too often courts mask their implicit validation of these patterns in the now-conventional "case-by-case" application of the statutory fair use "factors" to the defendant's use of the copyrighted work in question. A more explicit acknowledgement of the role of these patterns in fair use analysis is consistent with fair use and copyright policy and tradition. Importantly, it helps to bridge the often-difficult conceptual gap between fair use claims asserted by individual defendants and the social implications of accepting or rejecting those claims. Finally, a pattern-oriented approach is normatively appropriate, when viewed in light of recent research by cognitive psychologists and other social scientists on patterns and creativity. In immediate terms, the approach should lead to a more consistent and predictable fair use jurisprudence. In the longer term, it should enhance the ability of copyright law to promote creative expression.

scholarly journals El concepto de Pertenencia (Belonging) como marco analítico para la investigación sobre la juventud de origen inmigrante

2017 ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Concepción Maiztegui ◽  
Esther Aretxabala ◽  
Aitor Ibarrola ◽  
Pedro J. Oiarzabal
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Social

<p>This article describes and explores an analytical framework based on the concept of belonging, which, in turn, takes into consideration the personal, social, and performative dimensions of the integration process of young migrants. The concept of belonging is becoming one of the central pillars in current research on migration and integration, since it allows us to look into the subjective experiences of individuals and into the social environments that have an impact on the daily lives and give shape to the identity frameworks of young migrants. Approaches based on this concept also take into account the role of participation in social processes.</p><p><strong>Published online</strong>: 11 December 2017</p>

scholarly journals TV- Show: From the Audience Habits To Principles of Dramaturgy

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Irina Nikolaevna Kemarskaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Practices ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Social Tv ◽  
The Social ◽  
Single Moment ◽  
Tv Shows ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Tv Watching ◽  
Tv Show

The article is devoted to the scriptwriting of TV shows and the role of the social practices of TV-viewing in the creation of script plot of periodical programs. Script construction of contemporary TV shows differs greatly from the classical film screenwriting due to its primarily focusing on predicted audience reactions in every single moment of broadcasting. The show creators are directed by the intention of giving the viewer the opportunities to feel the emotions he/she anticipates watching every new issue of the program. In order to attract the audience to the screen, hold it, to ensure its return to the favorite show the TV creators are obliged to imagine the established rituals and social practices of screen viewing. The paper covers the historical aspects of the social TV viewing practices, their formation and dynamics, from the Soviet "collective viewing" in a communal apartments with a sole TV-set up to a contemporary tendency of individual binge-watching of full ser seasons through internet services. The author specially emphasizes gender, generational, socio-demographic differences in TV watching and their influence on different creative techniques and discoveries. As to the gender habits of audiovisual information perception, the author pays attention to the so called "female" way of TV watching, characteristic of empathy, emotional involvement in the perception of the show, against the "male" choice of action, spectacle dynamics and often simultaneous viewing of different channels. Changes in common practices of TV watching cause the script decisions, adapted to the habitual behavior of different audience groups (shortening of audiovisual elements within programs, clip cutting, priority of emotion over logic-screen narration, etc.). Resume: rapid changes of screen watching social practices challenge the well-known creative technologies, turning the familiar TV shows into the part of the hypertext with different logic of reading and understanding.

scholarly journals TOUCHINESS AND CRITICISM. ON THE ROLE OF PHILOSOPHICAL CRITICISM IN CULTURE AND EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (S1) ◽  
pp. 207-228
Author(s):  
Robert Piłat
Keyword(s):  
Social Practices ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Dense Network ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Philosophical Inquiry ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
Philosophical Criticism

In this article, I am discussing the social phenomenon of touchiness (excessive sensitivity to differences of opinion and lifestyle) as a result of the polarization of discourse in contemporary Western culture. This polarization and the resulting touchiness are partly an effect of media, but the later also reflects structural problems of cultures and social practices. The problems arise from the dense network of potentially conflicting values. I am discussing some diagnoses of this phenomenon and some purported philosophical remedies including departure from the language of values and abandoning the idea of a strong subject of action and beliefs. I am criticizing these solutions and I am proposing the idea of radical criticism instead. I am presenting the idea about established theories of philosophical criticism, including those by Horkheimer, Spaemann, Habermas. I am also presenting a practical application of the idea of radical criticism in education: promoting philosophical inquiry in the classroom.

Service Providers as Digital Media Infrastructure

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Harris
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Internet Infrastructure ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Systems

This chapter documents the critical role of service providers in the development of today's digital media systems. It illustrates how an ethnographic approach to media infrastructures helps to connect hard infrastructural forms, such as wires, transmissions towers, and buildings, with soft infrastructural forms, including institutions, protocols, and social practices. It then focuses on circumvention practices in Turkey. The work of Turkey's cybercafé operators forms a key component of Internet infrastructure, critically shaping the social topography of media in the country. The cafés and their operators coordinate disparate technologies and communities and are sites where different protocols are negotiated. At the same time, in these locations, state infrastructural control, surveillance, and censorship can be undermined.

Psychological and social factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Shaun M. Eack
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
The Impact

This chapter on psychological and social factors reviews landmark papers addressing the social and psychological contributors to mental disorders and wellness across a range of psychiatric conditions. These papers provide a foundation for understanding the role of stress and critical social environments in psychoses, the cognitive factors that characterize depressive thinking, the impact of environmental trauma on the development of personality conditions and suicidal behaviour, and important social avenues for protecting against risk and facilitating human resilience. Collectively, this early and landmark literature provides compelling evidence for the social and psychological contributors to the development and maintenance of many psychiatric conditions, and illustrates that garnering a better understanding of such factors has led to numerous advances in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders.

scholarly journals An Optimization Management Model for Countries with Mutually Competitive Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2326
Author(s):  
Peng Li ◽  
Weizhou Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Social Practices ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Social ◽  
Competitive Relations ◽  
Optimization Management ◽  
Competitive Regions ◽  
Resource And Environment

It is difficult to manage resources allocation and pollution in a multi-regional country with mutually competitive relations. This work therefore intends to propose an optimal control model for the management problem. Through introducing the union utility function to model competitive interactions, we construct an integrated economy, resource, and environment macroeconomic model according to the social practices in the country with some competitive regions. Numerical procedures are proposed to search for the optimal energy policy and antipollution strategy of the model. As shown, an optimal fair tradeoff between efficiency and equity can be balanced for each region in the country. More important, the model verifies the importance of the role of government for management problems in a country with complex internal competitive relations

scholarly journals ‘Honourable Men’: West German Industrialists and the Role of Honour and Honour Courts in the Adenauer Era

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARMIN GRÜNBACHER
Keyword(s):  
Price Policy ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Court Case ◽  
Heavy Industry ◽  
Unsuccessful Attempt ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Culture ◽  
Post War

AbstractThis article argues that traditional conceptions of honour and the social practices based on them were both persistent yet at the same time very fragile and changeable amongst post-war German steel industrialists. After a brief overview of how bourgeois honour developed up to the early 1950s, a study of the honour court case of one of the leading men of heavy industry, Hermann Reusch of Gutehoffnungshütte, which ran from 1947 to 1949, will be presented. This is followed by a description of the ultimately unsuccessful attempt by the Wirtschaftsvereinigung Eisen und Stahl to establish honour councils to enforce a price policy across the association. Both cases highlight the rapidly changing social and economic culture in West Germany in the early 1960s.

scholarly journals Self and identity in personality psychology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan P. McAdams ◽  
Kali Trzesniewski ◽  
Jennifer Lilgendahl ◽  
Veronica Benet-Martinez ◽  
Richard W. Robins
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Identity Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self And Identity

Research on self and identity has greatly enhanced personality science by directing inquiry more deeply into the person’s conscious mind and more expansively outward into the social environments that contextualize individual differences in behavior, thought, and feeling. After delineating key concepts and offering reasons why personality psychologists should care about self and identity processes, we highlight important empirical discoveries that are of special relevance to personality science in the areas of (1) self-insight, (2) self-conscious emotions, (3) self-esteem, (4) narrative identity, and (5) the role of culture in shaping self, identity, and the integration of personality. We anticipate that future research will also move vigorously to (1) develop more comprehensive and precise accounts of how life experiences influence the development of self and identity, (2) explore more fully how the brain builds a sense of self, and (3) harness what we know about self and identity to improve people’s lives and promote personality development.

scholarly journals The political relevance of ‘almost trivial-looking things’. An interview with Theo van Leeuwen (ENG)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 69-90
Author(s):  
Mercè Oliva
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Participatory Culture ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Semiotics ◽  
Multimodal Texts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media

In this interview, Theo van Leeuwen reflects on the role of social semiotics and iconography as research methods for identifying the ideology conveyed by multimodal texts and signifying practices. Van Leeuwen defends the relevance of analyzing and understanding what seems trivial and apolitical, such as images, toys, PowerPoint presentations and spaces, all of which shape our worldview and establish the possibilities and limits of social practices and relationships, as well as their role in legitimating (or challenging) the social order. The last section of the interview is devoted to an analysis of overtly political images: van Leeuwen talks about how politicians present themselves to the media in the current era of politainment; reflects on how social movements use the visual to stir up debate and challenge dominant discourses and, finally, he discusses memes as examples of popular humor and participatory culture and their potential and limitations in terms of challenging and fostering social change.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document