Industrial Legacies and Germany’s Specialization in Customization

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-110
Author(s):  
Jonas Nahm
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Batch Production ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Flexible Specialization ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Institutional Legacies ◽  
Key Resources

This chapter traces how entrants from legacy industries in Germany used public resources originally intended to support technological innovation in traditional sectors such as machine tools and automobile supplies. It explains why, even in new sectors such as wind and solar, German firms reproduced historical patterns of flexible specialization, customization, and small-batch production. The chapter begins with a discussion of industrial origins of Germany’s wind and solar firms, focusing in particular on machine tools, automation, and automotive sectors. It then outlines the learning process that firms navigated in pivoting from their existing industries into new industrial sectors. The second half of the chapter focuses on the two key resources that enabled these developments: collaboration with China and domestic institutional legacies.

scholarly journals How Does Environmental Regulation Affect the Relationship between FDI and Technological Innovation: From the Perspective of Technology Transactions

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Meng Zeng ◽  
Lihang Liu ◽  
Fangyi Zhou ◽  
Yigui Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Regulatory Effect ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Regional Heterogeneity ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Many studies have found that FDI can reduce the pollutant emissions of host countries. At the same time, the intensity of environmental regulation would affect the emission reduction effect of FDI in the host country. This study aims to reveal the internal mechanisms of this effect. Specifically, this paper studies the impact of FDI on technological innovation in China’s industrial sectors from the perspective of technology transactions from 2001 to 2019, and then analyzes whether the intensity of environmental regulation can promote the relationship. Results indicate that FDI promotes technological innovation through technology transactions. In addition, it finds that the intensity of environmental regulation significantly positively moderates the relationship between FDI and technological innovation, which is achieved by positively moderating the FDI–technology transaction relationship. Regional heterogeneity analysis is further conducted, and results show that in the eastern and western regions of China, FDI can stimulate technological innovation within regional industrial sectors through technology trading. Moreover, environmental regulation has a significant positive regulatory effect on the above relationship, but these effects are not supported by evidence in the central region of China.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the consultative training method for laboratory work classes

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-137
Author(s):  
Tatiana Nikolaevna Andryukhina
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Laboratory Work ◽  
Training Method ◽  
State Technical ◽  
Technical University ◽  
The Moment

The method of consultative instruction is promising for training of bachelors, masters and specialists, who possess professional competences. This method involves the active use of modern gadgets in the learning process of students. The professional competences of a specialist - readiness or ability to rationally and productively use knowledge, skills, habits, methods of activity, necessary for their professional sphere. The advisory teaching method is being tested for the teaching of future bachelors in the Department of Automated machine tools and tooling systems in the Samara State Technical University. The method is used for the preparation of laboratory lessons in such disciplines as Fundamentals of Computer Graphics and Computer simulation. These courses were selected for the experiment, since the curriculum sets out only four- hour laboratory works. The teacher gives theoretical input on the construction of sketches, drawings, models, parts and units from the moment the computer is switched on and the program for the simulation is started until the end of the laboratory work. The article highlights the positive aspects of the method of advisory training both for teachers and for students. The author specifies some restrictions for use of the advisory training method. The experiment has shown that while doing laboratory work the students were much more motivated, productive and creative.

The Effect of Technological Innovation and Market Size on Manufacturing Structure: Evidence from the World’s Largest Tobacco Producer and Seller

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2422-2444
Author(s):  
Song Teng ◽  
Liu Yuxin
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Market Size ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: As the world’s largest tobacco producer and seller, China’s rapid development of the tobacco industry is inextricably linked to the promotion and support of the manufacturing industry. The optimization and adjustment of the manufacturing structure (MS) is critical in determining the competitiveness of the manufacturing industry. This study examines the impact of technological innovation and market size on MS optimization in China using provincial data from 2001 to 2016. We obtain the following main results. First, market size and technological innovation are important drivers in optimizing MS. Technological innovation increases productivity and results in the redistribution of production factors across industrial sectors, altering the industrial structure. The market size facilitates labor division, which boosts productivity. Second, institutional innovation is critical for optimizing MS. It strengthens the impact of technological innovation and market size on MS rationalization. Furthermore, the study’s findings are robust to a variety of estimation techniques, several alternative proxies for core explanatory variables, and a long list of control variables. An important implication of the study’s findings is that the Chinese government should implement effective institutional reforms to accelerate China’s manufacturing industry’s development. China’s tobacco industry, in particular, will achieve higher quality development based on the transformation and upgrading of the overall manufacturing industry.

TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION AND TEACHING METHODS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 501-504
Author(s):  
MARIA CRISTINA RIBOLI
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Teaching Approach ◽  
Educational Technologist ◽  
Diffusion Of Information ◽  
Set Up ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University

The wide diffusion of information technology brins generally changes in any field of society. In universities, the teaching approach must conform itself to these new needs adding the information technology tools into the learning process. A multi-disciplinary technical team of Florence University was set up a project involving technical staff developer, educational technologist and web developer and has pointed out issues concerning hardware, software, technical methods and knowledge required by these innovations.

scholarly journals Inovasi Perguruan Tinggi Raharja Dalam Era Disruptif Menggunakan Metodologi iLearning

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Untung Rahardja ◽  
Ninda Lutfiani ◽  
Arini Dwi Lestari ◽  
Edward Boris P Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
The Face

Rapidly technological advancements have led to the emergence of a disruptive era, namely the innovation theory that was initiated by newcumbent, the publication of which threatened incumbent. The effect of this disruptive is a fundamentally significant and widespread technological innovation that changes the way human relations in various heresies is no exception to higher education. When viewed from a quantitative perspective, the growth is quite severe. However, if it is related to its quality, its development is worrying. Therefore, higher education must compete to change the learning system by following disruptive patterns in order to improve the quality of learning that will improve the quality of human resources. In this study there are 2 (two) methods, The results of this study present the readiness of Raharja University in the face of the disruptive era through iLearning. Where in the learning process includes 3 (three) things, called Rinfo, iDu and iMe.With this learning method, students become more innovative and critical thinking.

scholarly journals New Processes and Machine Tools for Advanced Metal Alloys

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Luis Norberto López de Lacalle ◽  
Ainhoa Celaya
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tools ◽  
Metal Alloys ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Industrial Sectors

Advanced materials are crucial for the development of many industrial sectors such as aerospace, automotive, energy, among others [...]

scholarly journals Business models for maximising the diffusion of technological innovations for climate-smart agriculture

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Long ◽  
Vincent Blok ◽  
Kim Poldner
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Customer Relationships ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Adoption And Diffusion ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Technological Innovation Diffusion ◽  
Key Resources

Technological innovations will play a prominent role in the transition to climate-smart agriculture (CSA). However, CSA technological innovation diffusion is subject to socio-economic barriers. The success of innovations is partly dependent on the business models that are used to diffuse them. Within the context of innovations for CSA, the role that innovation providers’ business models play in the successful adoption and diffusion has received limited attention. In this paper we identify critical issues for business models for CSA technological innovations (BMfCSATI). Our results indicate that current BMfCSATIs are not optimised for diffusing CSA technological innovations. Critical business model elements include the value proposition, channels, customer relationships, key resources, key partners, and cost structure. We find a disparity between the views of CSA technological innovation providers and potential users. The paper explores the implications of the results and develops recommendations for CSA technological innovation providers’ business models.

scholarly journals Measuring R&D Demographics to Assess the Potential for Technological Innovation of SMEs in India

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-75
Author(s):  
Mary Mathew ◽  
Anirudha Dambal ◽  
V. Chandrashekar
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Technology Acquisition ◽  
Policy Suggestions ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Questionnaire Method

“Innovation is one of the best-known indicators of organizational competitive advantage. However, little is known about the innovation behavior of SMEs in developing countries. The capacity of SMEs to be lean, flexible and agile makes their potential for innovation, high. Their R&D demographics is a good indicator of whether they will be potentially innovative or not. It is with this aim that we studied the R&D characteristics of Indian SMEs. The survey methodology was used. The questionnaire method was used for data collection. A sample of 55 Indian SME organizations in the pharmaceuticals, information technology, machine tools and precision tools sectors were surveyed. The metrics used to measure R&D demographics included spread of R&D activities within the SMEs, R&D expenditure of the SMEs, education levels of the SMEs, collaborations of the SMEs for technology acquisition and clients of the SMEs between foreign and Indian markets. Implications and policy suggestions are also discussed.

scholarly journals The Benefits and Problems in the Implementation of the Special Effort of Rice, Corn, Soybean Production Enhancement Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 410
Author(s):  
Valeriana Darwis ◽  
Chairul Muslim ◽  
Yonas Hangga Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Information Analysis ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Agricultural Machine ◽  
And Training

The Special Efforts of Rice, Corn and Soybean Production Enhancement Program has been performed since 2015 and in its implementation several benefits and problems have been identified. The aim of this research was to identify the benefits, problems as well as the adoption and feedback of the application of technological innovation in East Java Province. The survey was conducted in June 2019 with data and information analysis conducted descriptively with the discussion utilized the deepening results through focus group discussion. The deepening results showed the benefits of participating in the program, which were: increased institutional activity, increased knowledge, and increased productivity. On the other hand, the problems were: the recipient was not in accordance with CPCL/prospective farmers and location; seed aid was not enough, it was not as expected and it was too late; Agricultural machine tools aid was still less and the size did not match the cultivated land. The expected feedbacks from technological innovation side were: (i) seed varieties aid adjusted to the location and farmers expectation also the arrival has to be on time and right amount; (ii) agricultural machine tools aid was not only for rice, the type and size of the agricultural machine tools followed the conditions of farmers' land and training for the operators who operate it.

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