scholarly journals The Political Economy of Energy Innovation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouro Dasgupta ◽  
Enrica De Cian ◽  
Elena Verdolini
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
Energy Innovation ◽  
Energy Intensive Industries

This chapter empirically investigates the effects political economy factors on energy innovation in a sample of 20 countries between 1995 and 2010. We use various proxies for energy innovation and focus on the role of environmental policy, good governance, political orientation, and the distribution of resources to energy intensive industries. We show that political economy factors affect the incentives to engage in energy-related innovation even in the presence of stringent environmental policy. Specifically, good governance and left-wing governments provide incentives for greater R&D resources to the energy sector, while a larger distribution of resources toward energy intensive sectors can induce market-size effects and lobby for larger energy R&D allocation. This implies that, in order to move towards a greener economy, countries should combine environmental policy with a general improvement of institutions, consider the influence of government’s political orientation on environmental policies and the size of energy-intensive sectors.

Political Orientations and Morality Judgments in the Turkish Context: Considering the Roles of the Needs for Cognition and Recognition

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329411989990
Author(s):  
Burcu Tekeş ◽  
E. Olcay Imamoğlu ◽  
Fatih Özdemir ◽  
Bengi Öner-Özkan
Keyword(s):  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Moral Foundations Theory ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Group Loyalty ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
Collectivistic Culture

The aims of this study were to test: (a) the association of political orientations with morality orientations, specified by moral foundations theory, on a sample of young adults from Turkey, representing a collectivistic culture; and (b) the statistically mediating roles of needs for cognition and recognition in the links between political orientation and morality endorsements. According to the results (a) right-wing orientation and need for recognition were associated with all the three binding foundations (i.e., in-group/loyalty, authority/respect, and purity/sanctity); (b) right-wing orientation was associated with binding foundations also indirectly via the role of need for recognition; (c) regarding individualizing foundations, left-wing orientation and need for cognition were associated with fairness/reciprocity, whereas only gender was associated with harm/care; and (d) left-wing orientation was associated with fairness dimension also indirectly via the role of need for cognition. The cultural relevance of moral foundations theory as well as the roles of needs for cognition and recognition are discussed.

scholarly journals Impact of circular economy as the EU’s ambitious policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
Urška Fric
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The article describes the role of legislative and legal framework which brought about a new approach to waste management through the concept of circular economy, and its drivers. We explicitly focus on the impact of ambitious EU environmental policy and its financial support from the European Commission (EC) which helped social actors recognize not only the ecological, but also the economic and social benefits of the circular economy. Over 50 actions under the “Circular Economy Action Plan” launched in 2015 have been delivered or are being implemented in this period in European Union (EU). Through overview of the EU’s ambitious policy, best practice of the circular economy in the world and status quo in circular economy at EU level we also show the circular economy is nowadays a crucial megatrend and there is still needed to increase up action at EU level, provide the competitive advantage it brings to EU economy and close the loop. Beside impact of ambitious EU environmental policy article focuses on the Cultural Political Economy (CPE) approach as a political economy approach with the purpose for explaining the role of legislative and legal framework as a mechanism for selection and retention of the paradigm of circular economy.

Demographic Correlates of Just World and Unjust Beliefs in an Austrian Sample

2009 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 989-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Viren Swami ◽  
Martin Voracek ◽  
Stefan Stieger
Keyword(s):  
Population Sample ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Just World Beliefs ◽  
Just World ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Older Males

320 Viennese adult participants (47.5% female) in a population sample completed two questionnaires measuring just world beliefs that were scored separately for just and unjust world beliefs. The study aimed to investigate the role of sex and age, as well as religious and political beliefs on just and unjust world beliefs. Older males who identified with a more left-wing political orientation tended to have lower scores on just world beliefs on Rubin and Peplau's scale, while better educated people tended to score lower on the unjust world subscale on both scales, although both predictors explained less than 6% of the variance in scores.

Values and Electoral Decisions in the Czech Republic

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Matějů ◽  
Klára Vlachová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Voting Behaviour ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
Political Spectrum

This article is an attempt to identify the role of politically relevant values and attitudes in voting behaviour in the Czech Republic. In view of the results of earlier analyses, which show there has been a process of intense crystallization of left–right political axis of the Czech political spectrum, this paper aims to demonstrate the specific roles of declared and value-based left–right political orientations, the effects of external and internal political efficacy, the feelings of anomie, and the required role of state. The analysis of data from the ISSP survey carried out at the end of 1996 shows that a person's declared position on the left–right axis of political orientation has far stronger influence on voting behaviour than does his or her position on the left–right scale based on socio-economic values traditionally underlying left–right political orientations. This difference indicates, among other things, that in the Czech Republic the declared right-wing political orientations so far acted as barrier to voting for left-wing political parties, for which people would likely vote if they voted according to their value-based left-wing orientations.

scholarly journals PSYCHOSOCIAL PREDICTORS FOR THE INTENTION OF BRAZILIAN ELDERLY IN RECEIVING THE VACCINE AGAINST COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thales Coutinho ◽  
Fernando Assunção ◽  
Mariana Dias ◽  
Thiago Moraes ◽  
Natália Dias
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Psychosocial Predictors ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Positive Intention

Abstract Once the immunizers are already available in the COVID-19 Pandemic, there is a need to identify the psychosocial factors that increase the positive attitude towards vaccines, particularly among the elderly. We investigated the role of psychosocial variables, which could affect the attitude towards the vaccines. Factors such as: uncertainty in relation to the vaccine, fear of COVID-19, political orientation, precisely the intention among the Brazilian elderly (>60 years, n = 328) to be vaccinated. There was a more positive intention towards Oxford-AstraZeneca in relation to Sinovac-CoronaVac. For the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine, less uncertainty regarding vaccines and greater fear of COVID-19 led the study to predict 26.6% of the intention to use it. In the case of Sinovac-CoronaVac, in addition to the previous variables, a left-wing political orientation led to a prediction of 44.3% in the intention to use it. It was also highlighted the importance of reducing uncertainty about vaccines in public campaigns to achieve older adults' mass vaccination.

scholarly journals Relationship between the effectiveness of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) policies with the occurrence of corruption cases in the State-Owned Enterprises environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Rahmat Saleh Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Business Management ◽  
The State ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
State Owned Enterprise ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level

In the economic system, the role of State-Owned Enterprises is as an implementer of public services, distribution of resources that control the lives of many people, as pioneers/pioneers in the business sector that are not yet desirable by the private sector and as a source of state revenue. This role can be realized if the State-Owned Enterprise in its objectives can implement the principles of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) well. But in reality, it is often difficult to face challenges faced by State-Owned Enterprises managers in implementing good governance. The intervention of State-Owned Enterprises business management with a political-bureaucratic approach that is no different from other government agencies. And at worst there are still a series of corruption cases carried out by the leadership of State-Owned Enterprises to seek personal gain. This is certainly a contradiction with State-Owned Enterprise's governance which is always published. Existing GCG implementation policies are deemed ineffective because they are not adhered to. This illustrates that business governance in ` State-Owned Enterprises itself has not been going well. Improvement in the application of good corporate governance (GCG) must be carried out immediately and the improvement of the GCG ecosystem of the State-Owned Enterprise itself must receive the attention of the government. Synergy is needed with the government's commitment to forcing State-Owned Enterprises to implement GCG in a transparent and accountable manner, with a high level of professionalism and effectiveness. Keywords: Good Corporate Governance State-Owned Enterprises Government Implementation

Political Economy of Infant Mortality Rate: Role of Democracy Versus Good Governance

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Y. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Public Health ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
First Time

Despite numerous studies on whether democracy reduces the infant mortality rate (IMR), the empirical results remain mixed at best. In this article, I perform several theoretical and empirical exercises that help explain why and under what conditions we should expect politics to matter most for a decrease in IMR. First, I capitalize on the epidemiological view that IMR – the most commonly used indicator of health in social sciences – is better suited to reflect public health micromanagement than overall social development. Second, I theorize that autocrats have incentives to invest in health up to a certain point, which could lead to a reduction in IMR. Third, I introduce an omitted variable – good governance – that trumps the importance of a political regime for IMR: (1) it directly affects public health micromanagement, and (2) many autocrats made inroads in achieving good governance. Finally, for the first time in such research, I use a disaggregated IMR approach to corroborate my hypotheses.

scholarly journals Moral Foundations, Political Orientation and Religiosity In Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Di Battista ◽  
Monica Pivetti ◽  
Chiara Berti
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Moral Foundation ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Italian Context

Background:This study investigates the role of political orientation and religiosity in Italy for moral foundations endorsement, in light of Haidt and Graham’sMoral Foundations Theory. This theory hypothesizes that moral systems are based on five dimensions (i.e.,Harm/care, Fairness/reciprocity, Ingroup/loyalty, Authority/respect, and Purity/sanctity) that, in turn, can be grouped into two broader dimensions (BindingandIndividualizing).Objective:We aim to explore and extend the moral foundation assumptions to the Italian context predicting greater endorsement of binding values among Italian Right-wingers as compared with Left-wingers. Given that the relations between politics and Catholic Church have always been intertwined in modern Italy, we also extend this line of inquiry by examining the role of religiosity.Method:Two hundred and forty-eight Italian participants filled out a self-report measure including theMoral Foundations Questionnaires.Results: Individuals attach considerable relevance to individualizing moral foundations rather than to binding moral foundations; conservatives and regular religious attenders attach more relevance to binding moral foundations as compared with individuals with a Left-wing political orientation and less religious people.Conclusions:Our results show that the Italians’ political orientation emerges as a significant element in the differential adoption of moral foundations. Furthermore, considering the historical and fundamental role of the Catholic religion in the Italian society and political life, our results confirm that binding values are particularly valued in groups such as practicing Catholic, where institutions, families, and authorities are valued.

scholarly journals Evaluating the political organisation of Muslim citizens in the Netherlands: The role of political orientation, education and multiculturalism

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willemijn Bot ◽  
Maykel Verkuyten
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Majority Population

Political participation is an important aspect of the integration of Muslim citizens into western societies. However, Muslims’ formal political participation is often met with resistance from the majority population. In two studies, we investigated among national samples of majority Dutch whether the level of resistance to the democratic political organizations of Muslim citizens is associated with political orientation and level of education. Furthermore, we examined whether these associations are mediated by the endorsement of multiculturalism. Findings from both studies show that the higher educated and politically left-wing individuals are more supportive of Muslim political organisation and that this association is (partly) explained by the endorsement of multiculturalism. Additionally, in Study 2 it is found that attitudes toward cultural tradition and group equality mediate the relations between education and political orientation with multiculturalism.

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