Popularity and the Art of Rhetoric

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Peltonen
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Julius Caesar ◽  
Tudor England ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Control ◽  
Destructive Potential

This chapter demonstrates the social depth of politics in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, focusing the theory and practice of the ars rhetorica. Central to political (in)stability in both classical Rome and Tudor England, the rhetorical virtuosity of the elite sought to constrain and control the restive commons and the potency of popularity. Since commoners were its intended primary audience, Cicero argued for ‘the ultimately popular nature of eloquence’. Julius Caesar sets two types of orator into a rhetorical contest: the nobleman who pacifies the volatile masses, and the ‘people pleaser’, a widely feared figure, who inflames them to insurgence. Different modes of rhetoric unfold: whereas Brutus’s speech violates the precept of adaptation to an audience, in Mark Anthony’s rhetoric, popularity pays off. Shakespeare’s bleak play departs from its sources to magnify the destructive potential of popular orators: unhistorically, Shakespeare renders the incitements of Anthony’s eloquence the trigger of the civil war.

Organisational systems and their coordination

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-106
Author(s):  
Gordon Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Effective System ◽  
System Life ◽  
And Control ◽  
Coordination And Control ◽  
Competitive Economy ◽  
The Coordinator

Organisational systems come in many different formats and ownerships. The essential characteristic of any system is that it must have a system purpose which it exists to fulfil. For organisational systems, the various components, that is the people working in the system, must know and understand what that purpose is and their role in its fulfilment, as well as the system’s relationship with the macro system within which it operates. Such organisational systems are essentially dynamic, progressing through a system life cycle of essentially unpredictable stages, but with certain predictable changes occurring at each phase change. Effective system coordination depends on the coordinator fully understanding the system operations and how it relates to its various environments. System ownership is external to system operation and has no direct engagement with coordination and control. The importance is noted of real competition to systems serving the progressive-competitive economy and the failure of pretend competition being imposed on systems serving the social-infrastructural economy.

Musique Concrètization

2011 ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
Jean Hébert
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Music Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Critical Theories ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Music Distribution ◽  
And Control

For the past several years, a crisis over copyright and control of music distribution has been developing. The outcome of this crisis has tremendous implications not only for the fate of commercial and creative entities involved in music, but for the social reproduction of knowledge and culture more generally. Critical theories of technology are useful in addressing these implications. This chapter introduces the concept of “concretization” (Feenberg, 1999), and demonstrates how it can be mapped onto the field of current music technologies and the lives and work of the people using them. This reading of popular music technologies resonates strongly with themes arising out of current scholarship covering the crisis of copyright and music distribution. Reading music technology in this way can yield a lucid account of the diverse trajectories and goals inherent in heterogeneous networks of participants involved with music technologies. It can also give us not only a detailed description of the relations of various groups, individuals, and technologies involved in networks of music, but also a prescriptive program for the future maintenance and strengthening of a vibrant, perhaps less intensively commercialized, and radically democratized sphere of creative exchange.

Society and Justice in Colonial Brazil in the 17th and 18th Centuries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabele de Matos Pereira de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Great Capacity ◽  
Royal Power ◽  
Application Of Law ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Universe

In early modern societies, the duty of enforcing justice was one of the principal tasks of the monarch. Judicial power could be exercised both directly by the monarch—the supreme magistrate—or by those he delegated it to—judges or his courts. In the vast territory of Portuguese America, different institutions were created to ensure access to justice, to help govern the people, to assist in long-distance administration, and to maintain control over the crown’s dominions. Ouvidorias-gerais, judges, and courts were established with their own institutional officials, intermixing lower- and higher-level jurisdictions and exercising justice over distinct territorial spaces. To understand the functioning of judicial institutions in colonial society, it is important to analyze the universe of magistrates, their careers, judicial practices, and complex relations in the social environment. Magistrates, as an important professional group recruited by the Portuguese monarchy, had multiple overseas possibilities. They could serve at the same time as representatives of royal power and allies of local groups. These men faced a colonial reality that allowed them a wide sphere of action, the exercise of a differentiated authority, and a privileged position as intermediaries between local elites and the king. Even though all magistrates were subject to the same rules of selection, recruitment, appointment, and promotion, the exercise of justice in the slaveholding society of Portuguese America demanded a great capacity for adaptation and negotiation, for the application of law in the mosaic of local judicial situations. Magistrates circulated in different spaces, creating and working in different judicial institutions in the difficult balance between theory and practice, between written law and customary law.

In home or at home? How collective decision making in a new care facility enhances social interaction and wellbeing amongst older adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1393-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
CRAIG KNIGHT ◽  
S. ALEXANDER HASLAM ◽  
CATHERINE HASLAM
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Residential Home ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Communal Space

ABSTRACTBenevolent, long-term care can threaten older adults' sense of autonomy in a residential home environment. Increasing reliance on a hotel style of living has been seen to erode social identity, life satisfaction and even survival or lifespan. Drawing on evidence from both gerontological and social psychological literature, this paper examines the links between the empowerment of residents and their subsequent quality of life in the context of a move into a new care facility in a medium-sized town in South-West England. A longitudinal experiment was conducted during which 27 residents on one floor of a new facility were involved in decisions surrounding its décor, while those on another floor were not. The residents' attitudes and behaviour were monitored at three points over five months (four weeks pre-move, four weeks post-move, and four months post-move). Consistent with the social identity literature, members of the empowered group reported increased identification with staff and fellow residents in the new home, displayed enhanced citizenship, reported improved wellbeing, and made more use of the communal space. Moreover the staff found the empowered residents to be more engaged with their environment and the people around them, to be generally happier and to have better health. These patterns were observed one month after the move and remained four months later. Some implications for theory and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals A Terror to the People: The Evolution of an Outlaw Gang in the Lower Midwest

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Randy Mills
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Important Case ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
One Act

The details of the heretofore unexamined Reeves Gang may serve as an important case study of violence and lawlessness in the Lower Midwest in the decades following the Civil War. Unlike the “social bandits” such as the Jesse James and Dalton Gangs of the Middle Border region, most outlaw gangs made little attempt to get along with locals. These groups ruled by fear and typically fell afoul of vigilante hangings and shootings— a one-act play, if you will. The Reeves Gang, the focus of this study, would come to be atypical, their tale turning into a three-act play, moving from petty crime to more sophisticated criminal activities, and then to an attempted life of normalcy. Though now long forgotten, several instances of the Reeves Gang’s violent activities, as well as their eventual capture, were to be found in newspapers across the nation at the time.

K-Means Clustering Machine Learning Concept to Enable Social Distancing in Public Places

2021 ◽  
pp. 420-431
Author(s):  
Abdullah Saleh Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Virus Spread ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
User Knowledge ◽  
And Control ◽  
Learning Concept

In endemic and pandemic situations, governments will implement social distancing to control the virus spread and control the affected and death rate of the country until the vaccine is introduced. For social distancing, people may forget in some public places for necessary needs. To avoid this situation, the authors develop the Android mobile application to notify the social distancing alert to people to avoid increased levels of the endemic and pandemic spread. This application works in both online and offline mode in the smart phones. This application helps the people to obey the government rule to overcome the endemic and pandemic situations. This application uses k-means clustering algorithms to cluster the data and form the more safety clusters for social distancing. It uses artificial intelligence to track the living location by the mobile camera without the internet facilities. It helps the user to follow social distancing even with no internet with user knowledge.

The Archetypes Echoed in the Collective Unconscious of the People

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijana Sandić ◽  
Aneta Sandić
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Collective Unconscious ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nationalist Parties

The socio-cultural matrix of Bosnia-Herzegovina led towards victory of the nationalist parties in the multi-party elections in 1991. Carefully chosen party leaders, awakening the archaic images, led people into what Fromm called the ‘semi-hypnoid state of consciousness’. This caused the breakout of fratricidal - so-called civil - war, to the scene. It lasted from 6 April 1992 to 14 December1995. From then until the present time, Bosnia-Herzegovina has witnessed individuals emerging as political-economical ogres. Controlling the social order in Bosnia-Herzegovina, a part of former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, they dictate the replacement of the socialistic regime in which we once lived, imposing the lifestyle codes of their narcissistic culture.

Education as a Human Science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Higgs
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Human Science ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Cultural Considerations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educational Relationships ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The debate concerning the nature of education, and more particularly the debate as it is directed toward the discourse and logic of schooling, has customarily taken place within the social science tradition. As a result, educational research has been characterized by a modern positivist science which has tended to privilege knowledge relevant to a technocratic evaluation and control of educational relationships and achievements through a process of socialization. From the relationship between student and teacher to the relationship between school and society, the widespread acceptance of quantitative research findings and behavioristic theory reveals that the evaluation of educational issues has been tied to an understanding of reality as ideological as it is “scientific.” What should constitute a scientific inquiry that effectively counters positivist assumptions and what should characterize the inquirer’s relation to the real are still central questions within educational theory and practice in the philosophy of education. In responding to these questions, the positioning of education in the social science tradition has given rise to the politicization of education in an ideologically directed process of socialization which, in turn, has resulted in education, including schooling, being subjected to the idiosyncratic stranglehold and abuse of ideological and cultural considerations propagated in the name of a pseudo-scientific scientism. Furthermore, the problem concerning the nature of education is more authentically situated within the human science tradition than within the social sciences. This argument is grounded on a fundamental objection to positivism and the influence that this has had on the tradition of the social sciences.

People who never have widows

2021 ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Margarita F. Albedil
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Caste System ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Original Culture ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wedding Ceremony ◽  
The Many ◽  
And Control

The research article is focused on the peculiarities of the ethnocultural identity of the Newars.This is one of the many Nepalese peoples that is practically not studied in Russian oriental studies.Newars are considered the descendants of the ancient population of the Kathmandu valley,but it is not known for certain whether their ancestors were indigenous here or came to the valley from other places.  Currently, the number of Newars is about 1.5 million people, this is the 6th population of the people of Nepal. They live mainly in the cities of the Kathmandu Valley.The Newars have long been famous as the creators of a rich and original culture. Their pronounced eth-nocultural identity has deep historical roots, and among its distinctive features there are many unique ones.The Newar religion is a synthe-sis of Hinduism and Buddhism, while many of its features are enshrined in a strictly ranked caste society. The caste system originally associated with Hinduism extends among the Newars and Buddhism, although initially it was incompatible with it. A distinctive feature of the social life of the Newars is the guthi, social and religious formations that regulate and control the social and ritual life of the people and help them maintain internal unity.Unique features are also preserved in ritual practices, for example, in the ihi wedding ceremony, during which girls are symbolically married to the deities Vishnu-Narayana and Surya.When a girl later marries in the usual way and her husband dies for whatever reason, she does not become a widow.The cult of the living goddess Kumari is also unique.

scholarly journals Género, cuerpo, racismo y complejo industrial de prisiones: experiencias de personas negras en una cárcel de Bogotá

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Jei Alanis Bello Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Angela Davis ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

Resumen: Este artículo analiza las trayectoriassociales y las experiencias de vida de hombres y mujeresauto-identificados negros y afrocolombianos que seencuentran recluidos en la Cárcel Distrital para varonesy anexo de mujeres en la ciudad de Bogotá. A travésdel trabajo de campo realizado en este penal durantelos años 2010 y 2011, y por medio de una reflexiónsociológica y feminista, cimentada en los aportes de lafeminista afro-estadounidense Angela Davis sobre el“complejo industrial de prisiones”, se pone en evidenciaque la intersección de las categorías género, raza yclase articulan las tecnologías de control y puniciónque emplea el Estado para gestionar la criminalidad enla ciudad. La operación fusionada de estos regímenesde poder configura experiencias diferenciales decriminalización y encarcelamiento para las personassubordinadas en el orden racial colombiano, por locual analizo sus trayectorias sociales y sus relacionescon los miembros de la institución carcelaria, paradar cuenta de la discriminación y las resistencias quetejen estos agentes en medio del castigo, el encierro y lacriminalización.Palabras clave: racismo, género, complejo industrialde prisiones, criminalizaciónGender, Body, Racism and the Prison IndustrialComplex: Experiences of Blacksin a Prison in BogotáAbstract: This article analyzes the social trajectoriesand the life experiences of men and women self-definedas black and Afro-Colombian, that are imprisoned inthe District Prison for Men and Annex for Women inBogotá. Through fieldwork carried out at this prisonbetween 2010-2011, and based on a sociological andfeminist approach, grounded on the contributions ofthe Afro-American feminist Angela Davis about the“prison industrial complex”, I show that the intersectionbetween gender, race and class is the main core of thepunishment and control technologies the State uses tomanage criminality in the city. The conjoined operationof these regimes of power creates differential experiencesof criminalization and punishment for the people thatoccupy a subordinate place in the Colombian racialorder. In this way I analyze their social trajectories andtheir social relations with the members of the prison, withthe purpose of show the specific form in which the agentsstruggle and live discrimination and resistance in themidst of punishment, imprisonment and criminalization.Key Words: racism, gender, prison industrialcomplex, criminalization

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