Anthropoid augmentations

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-143
Author(s):  
Elisabeth A. Murray ◽  
Steven P. Wise ◽  
Mary K. L. Baldwin ◽  
Kim S. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Preferred Foods ◽  
New Form ◽  
High Level ◽  
Do So ◽  
Changing World

In this chapter, Dorothy braves lions (and tigers and bears); a dinosaur eats someone in Jurassic Park; and a proofreader gets a $7 raise. But mainly we consider how a new form of memory helped anthropoids avoid being eaten. When anthropoids faced a high level of volatility in their preferred foods, such as fruit, they had to make more foraging journeys to get enough to eat. Because they faced a severe threat of predation every time they did, these ancestors benefited from any reduction in the frequency of such excursions. So, they had to establish memories that limited foraging errors, and they had to do so quickly. New cortical areas provided this advantage, so anthropoids survived and thrived in a rapidly changing world teeming with predators.

scholarly journals Mapping of affordability levels for photovoltaic-based electricity generation in the solar belt of sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia and South Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Szabó ◽  
Irene Pinedo Pascua ◽  
Daniel Puig ◽  
Magda Moner-Girona ◽  
Mario Negre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
High Level ◽  
Do So

AbstractLack of access to modern forms of energy hampers efforts to reduce poverty. The provision of electricity to off-grid communities is therefore a long-standing developmental goal. Yet, many off-grid electrification projects neglect mid- and long-term operation and maintenance costs. When this is the case, electricity services are unlikely to be affordable to the communities that are the project’s primary target. Here we show that, compared with diesel-powered electricity generation systems, solar photovoltaic systems are more affordable to no less than 36% of the unelectrified populations in East Asia, South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. We do so by developing geo-referenced estimates of affordability at a high level of resolution (1 km2). The analysis illustrates the differences in affordability that may be found at the subnational level, which underscores that electrification investments should be informed by subnational data.

scholarly journals Idiosyncratic volatility, option-based measures of informed trading, and investor attention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannes Mohrschladt ◽  
Judith C. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Idiosyncratic Volatility ◽  
Investor Attention ◽  
Intuitive Idea ◽  
Joint Examination ◽  
Stock Market Investors ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
High Level ◽  
Do So ◽  
Option Market

AbstractWe establish a direct link between sophisticated investors in the option market, private stock market investors, and the idiosyncratic volatility (IVol) puzzle. To do so, we employ three option-based volatility spreads and attention data from Google Trends. In line with the IVol puzzle, the volatility spreads indicate that sophisticated investors indeed consider high-IVol stocks as being overvalued. Moreover, the option measures help to distinguish overpriced from fairly priced high-IVol stocks. Thus, these measures are able to predict the IVol puzzle’s magnitude in the cross-section of stock returns. Further, we link the origin of the IVol puzzle to the trading activity of irrational private investors as the return predictability only exists among stocks that receive a high level of private investor attention. Overall, our joint examination of option and stock markets sheds light on the behavior of different investor groups and their contribution to the IVol puzzle. Thereby, our analyses support the intuitive idea that noise trading leads to mispricing, which is identified by sophisticated investors and exploited in the option market.

VIII.—High-Level Terraces in Norway

1877 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Dakyns
Keyword(s):  
Physical Geography ◽  
The Press ◽  
Scientific Opinion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Level ◽  
Do So

In the summer of 1872 I visited Norway, and wrote the following brief notice of certain high-level terraces immediately on my return to England, but kept it back that I might first consult some papers on Norwegian terraces that had appeared in the closing numbers of “Scientific Opinion”; these I was not able to meet with for so long a time that I gave up the idea of sending my notice to the press. I am now induced to do so, because I see that the subject of the parallel roads of Glenroy still occupies the attention of geologists, and it may induce some one next summer to examine minutely the Dovre terraces and sand-heaps and their relation to the physical geography of the district. I was merely able to make a flying visit to them, which I delayed my party to do, because they caught my eye so forcibly, as we were driving along the valley.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Cubic-Quartic Optical Solitons with Perturbed Fokas–Lenells Equation Using Improved Adomian Decomposition Algorithm

Mathematics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Alyaa A. Al-Qarni ◽  
Huda O. Bakodah ◽  
Aisha A. Alshaery ◽  
Anjan Biswas ◽  
Yakup Yıldırım ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Iterative Method ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Adomian Decomposition Method ◽  
Optical Solitons ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Decomposition Algorithm ◽  
Adomian Decomposition ◽  
High Level ◽  
Do So

The current manuscript displays elegant numerical results for cubic-quartic optical solitons associated with the perturbed Fokas–Lenells equations. To do so, we devise a generalized iterative method for the model using the improved Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and further seek validation from certain well-known results in the literature. As proven, the proposed scheme is efficient and possess a high level of accuracy.

When Defence Cooperation Meets Political Use of the Past: British-Polish Relations in Times of Brexit

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-51
Author(s):  
Amélie Zima
Keyword(s):  
Political Community ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
The Past ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Defence Policy ◽  
Defence Cooperation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Security Network ◽  
Do So

This paper aims to study how an event, happening within a political community characterised by a high level of interdependence, has an impact on the defence policy of its members. To do so, the paper focuses on British-Polish defence relations after Brexit. Indeed, the United Kingdom signed a defence cooperation agreement (dca) with Poland in 2017, which is the second with an EU/nato Member State (MS) after the Lancaster House treaty signed with France. This case-study questions the thesis positing that dcas are unlikely to happen between EU/nato MS as it would lead to overlaps and decoupling. It also determines to what extent this treaty is part of a British strategy to re-create a security network in Europe after Brexit to deter Russia, which is considered as one of the main threats for both countries. Finally, this study deals with the political uses of history. The research analyses how British and Polish actors select memory mines to consolidate friendship in time of uncertainty but also as a shaming strategy.

Why Quality? Why Value? Is it Information Related to These Aspects?

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Leal Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Conceptual Base ◽  
Initial Approach ◽  
Final Goal ◽  
Quality Value ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Do So ◽  
Changing World

Writing about information quality and value will always be challenging: how does one combine such concepts, so classically applied, debated, defined, and also related to a dynamic, fast-changing world? In this chapter, a first call for the study developed along this book is made. An initial approach about quality, value, and information is conducted in order to show the already defined conceptual bases and the possible relationship among them. Along with this discussion based on traditional approaches, a discussion is introduced motivating the reader to think about how this concept and its relationship perform today. It is the “rethinking” of the conceptual base, which is the final goal of this book that is initially provoked in the present chapter. To do so, first the traditional concept view is approached and some of the criticism and motivations to change its understanding is presented. In the end, with case studies, this new relationship is debated, opening the book development of the desired rethinking process.

scholarly journals Cabinets, Prime Ministers, and Corruption: A Comparative Analysis of Parliamentary Governments in Post-War Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-170
Author(s):  
Hanna Bäck ◽  
Jan Teorell ◽  
Staffan I Lindberg
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Prime Ministers ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
East European ◽  
Parliamentary Democracies ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Post War ◽  
High Level ◽  
Do So

Why are some states more corrupt than others? Drawing on the literature on governance in parliamentary democracies, we suggest that the degree of corruption depends on the ability of key political actors to control ministers who have been delegated power. We argue that the Prime Minister has incentives to limit corruption within the cabinet and has the ability to do so when there are certain “control mechanisms” at hand. One such mechanism is the PM’s ability to fire or demote ministers who are not behaving in accordance with his or her wishes. We hypothesize that governmental corruption will be lower in systems where the constitution grants the PM strong powers. Using a new dataset ( Varieties of Democracy), which provides more specific measures on high-level corruption across a longer time period, we analyze corruption in 26 West and East European democracies over the post-war period and find support for our hypothesis.

scholarly journals Resiliencia de jóvenes deportistas en función del carácter individual o colectivo de su práctica

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
A. Zubizarreta-Cortadi ◽  
S. Arribas-Galagarraga ◽  
I. Luis de Cos
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Individual Character ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
High Level ◽  
Individual Sports ◽  
Do So

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los niveles de resiliencia con sus dos dimensiones, “Aceptación de uno mismo y de la vida” (AUM) y “Competencia Personal” (CP),en participantes de deportes de carácter individual y colectivo. Se realizaron comparaciones inter e intragrupo y en función del nivel competitivo y sexo. Un total de 435 deportistas (300 hombres y 135 mujeres) cumplimentaron un cuestionario socio-demográfico y La Escala de Resiliencia (Wagnild y Young, 1993). Los resultados señalan que quienes practican deportes de carácter individual obtienen valores medios de resiliencia y de la dimensión CP superiores a los obtenidos por deportistas que lo hacen de forma colectiva (p<0.005). Respecto al sexo, en la dimensión AUM, las chicas presentan medias menores que los chicos (p<0.005). En cuanto al nivel competitivo, la tendencia es que a mayor nivel competitivo, mayor puntuación media de resiliencia (p<0.05).Los resultados dibujan la imagen del deportista resiliente como un chico joven  practicante de deporte de carácter individual y de alto nivel competitivo. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of resilience with its two dimensions, “acceptance of self and life" (AUM) and "individual competence" (CP), in individual and collective sports participants. Comparisons depending on competitive level and sex, as well as, intragroup and intergroup comparisons were performed. A total of 435 athletes (300 men and 135 women) completed a socio-demographic questionnaire and the Resilience Scale (Wagnild and Young, 1993). The results indicate that those who practise individual sports obtain average values of resilience and the CP dimension higher than those obtained by athletes who do so collectively (p < 0.005). According to sex, in the AUM dimension, girls have lower averages than boys (p< 0.005). As for the competitive level, the trend is that at a higher competitive level, higher average resilience score (p < 0.05). The results draw the image of the athlete resilient as a young boy practicing sport of individual character and high level competitive.

Can Information Decrease Political Polarization? Evidence From the U.S. Taxpayer Receipt

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 736-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik P. Duhaime ◽  
Evan P. Apfelbaum
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
White House ◽  
Contentious Issue ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
High Level ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Do So

Scholars, politicians, and laypeople alike bemoan the high level of political polarization in the United States, but little is known about how to bring the views of liberals and conservatives closer together. Previous research finds that providing people with information regarding a contentious issue is ineffective for reducing polarization because people process such information in a biased manner. Here, we show that information can reduce political polarization below baseline levels and also that its capacity to do so is sensitive to contextual factors that make one’s relevant preferences salient. Specifically, in a nationally representative sample (Study 1) and a preregistered replication (Study 2), we find that providing a taxpayer receipt—an impartial, objective breakdown of how one’s taxes are spent that is published annually by the White House—reduces polarization regarding taxes, but not when participants are also asked to indicate how they would prefer their taxes be spent.

Survey of community pharmacists regarding their role and desire for managing chemotherapy related toxicities in cancer patients.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (8_suppl) ◽  
pp. 104-104
Author(s):  
Kathy Vu ◽  
Daniella Santaera ◽  
Erin Redwood ◽  
Monika K. Krzyzanowska
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Provider Group ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
High Level ◽  
Do So

104 Background: There is little published about the readiness and needs of community pharmacists to manage chemotherapy related toxicities in cancer patients. A survey was conducted to understand community pharmacists’ current toxicity management practices and their education and communication needs in this area. Methods: A 21 question electronic survey was sent to community pharmacists in Ontario, Canada from April 1 – June 30, 2016. The survey asked about demographics, toxicity management behaviours/preferences, communication and training needs/preferences. Results: Out of 559 responses received, 167 were excluded due to ineligibility giving a final response of 392 surveys. The majority of respondents were full time pharmacists practicing for more than 10 years in community pharmacy. While many pharmacists reported providing assessment (80%), advice (92%) and/or monitoring (70%) at least sometimes, few reported providing assessment (10%), monitoring (10%) or advice (18%) routinely. Types of toxicities encountered and their frequency are summarized in Table 1. There was a high level of interest (96%) among the respondents in being involved in assessing and managing chemotherapy toxicity, however, only 13% reported that they felt sufficiently trained to do so. Conclusions: Community pharmacists encounter chemotherapy-related toxicities in their daily work. While there is a strong interest in managing toxicity symptoms, many community pharmacists feel that they are not adequately trained to do so. Continuing education programs for this provider group may improve toxicity management in community pharmacy settings. [Table: see text]

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