E-Waste Management

2018 ◽  
pp. 159-176
Author(s):  
Viral Pandya
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Management System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Strategic Actions ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
The World

In the modern world, waste management and especially e-waste management is one of the big challenges to tackle for any country. With the boom in technological innovations in electronic industry, the waste in the form of electronic goods has increased exponentially and it is considered to be the largest mounting waste stream in the world. Globalization of e-waste, partly due to demand and partly in terms of e-waste shipment to developing countries by developed countries has created adverse environmental and health implications. Hence, it has become utmost important for policymakers to develop robust e-waste management system as well as allied policies and regulations. This chapter analyses present status, various initiatives, actions, and regulatory frameworks incorporated by various developed and developing countries to combat giant threat of e-waste and recommendations have been given in terms of strategic actions for India to tackle e-waste in an effective manner.

scholarly journals Integrated Waste Management

2015 ◽  
pp. 125-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günay Kocasoy
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
The World ◽  
Integrated Waste Management ◽  
Management Policies

Handling of solid waste has been a serious problem for countries all over the world. Increase in population, change in life standard and life style, industrialization and production of new products contribute to the increase in the amount of solid wastes and consequently the problems generated by them. Developed countries, being aware of the significance of the problems, established regulatory programs, while economically developing countries continued to handle the solid wastes in a very primitive way, such as dumping them into “open dumps.” In these countries recycling activities are mostly carried on by scavengers in a very primitive way. For the protection of the environment and sustainable development, economically developing countries should establish solid waste management policies, plan recycling programs and publish related regulations and by-laws, and strictly control the application of them. This is explored in this chapter.

IMPACT OF NATIONAL DISASTER COVID-19, INDONESIA TOWARDS ECONOMIC RECESSION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
endang naryono
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Disaster

Covid-19 or the corona virus is a virus that has become a disaster and a global humanitarian disaster began in December 2019 in Wuhan province in China, April 2020 the spread of the corona virus has spread throughout the world making the greatest humanitarian disaster in the history of human civilization after the war world II, Already tens of thousands of people have died, millions of people have been infected with the conona virus from poor countries, developing countries to developed countries overwhelmed by this virus outbreak. Increasingly, the spread follows a series of measurements while patients who recover recover from a series of counts so that this epidemic becomes a very frightening disaster plus there is no drug or vaccine for this corona virus yet found, so that all countries implement strategies to reduce this spread from social distancing, phycal distancing to with a city or country lockdown.

A Decade of the World Trade Organization and the Trade Performance of Muslim Countries

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-44
Author(s):  
Ruzita Mohd. Amin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Merchandise Trade ◽  
Wto Agreements

The World Trade Organization (WTO), established on 1 January 1995 as a successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), has played an important role in promoting global free trade. The implementation of its agreements, however, has not been smooth and easy. In fact this has been particularly difficult for developing countries, since they are expected to be on a level playing field with the developed countries. After more than a decade of existence, it is worth looking at the WTO’s impact on developing countries, particularly Muslim countries. This paper focuses mainly on the performance of merchandise trade of Muslim countries after they joined the WTO. I first analyze their participation in world merchandise trade and highlight their trade characteristics in general. This is then followed by a short discussion on the implications of WTO agreements on Muslim countries and some recommendations on how to face this challenge.

scholarly journals Determinants of Willingness to Pay for Improved Solid Waste Management System in Lekhnath, Kaski, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananta Raj Dhungana
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management System ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
Solid Waste Management System ◽  
At Home

Solid waste management is one of the developmental challenges facing city authorities worldwide, especially in most developing countries. Rapid urbanization has made solid waste management a serious problem in poor and developing countries. This study aims to analyze the determinants of willingness to pay for improved solid waste management system. For this purpose, two hundred and seventeen Households were selected in Lekhnath, Kaski, Nepal. Pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was collected by using systematic random sampling techniques. Multiple Linear Regression analysis was used to find the determinants of willingness to pay for improved solid waste management system. The tentative average wastes produced per day from their house is one kilogram with minimum one hundred gram and maximum ten kilogram per day. Main disposal method/site for solid waste management of majority of the respondents is Burn followed by cannal, near open places, send in waste management vehicle, road side and rivulets. Almost all of the respondents are not satisfied with the community responsible for solid waste management in the study area. The average amount that the respondents have willingness to pay for solid waste management system is Rs 56.84 per month. Further, it is found that Having any member abroad, Remittance received in last one year and House ownership are the major determining factors for willingness to pay for improved solid waste management system in the study area. However, other factors like Sex of the respondents, age of the respondents, family size, Family type, Caste/ethnicity, education of the respondents, Total number of employed person at home, Total number of literate person at home, Major occupation of the respondents, tentative weight of accumulated solid waste per day, Monthly Income of household, Visit at any hotel/restaurant during last 12 months, and Having any livestock at household do not have any significant impact on willingness to pay for improved solid waste management system. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. 6 (December 2017)

FORMATION OF INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS OF THE REGION ON THE BASIS OF THE INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Lytvynenko ◽  
◽  
Elena Lytvynenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Business Structures

The article discusses the key issues of achieving the goals of modernization, namely, China's interaction with the world economy. Chinese economists believe that the process of globalization cannot be stopped, but it can be radically changed and directed to the benefit of China's economy, most likely with the help of transnational corporations. The revitalization of integration processes among developing countries has been observed against the backdrop of the successful development of the Western European model of economic integration. In this way, integration first affected the sphere of production and then the sphere of mutual trade. The article substantiates the necessity and possibility of adaptation to the changing economic conditions and innovative development of business structures operating in international business and the proposal of specific schemes for their construction in accordance with the world markets requirements. Notice that, there is a change in the principles of regional integration development at the present stage. Developing countries are actively seeking to participate in integration processes, since the leading powers prefer to use territorial disputes in their foreign policy and there is a risk of potential threats from border states. For centuries, China has held the leading position in the world in terms of quality of life. However, modern China is not one of the developed countries in any of the established classifications, and therefore the current work explores the modernization theories of the economies of developing countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the entire world trade, production, trade and logistics chains have been destroyed, stock indices are declining, industrial production has been suspended, oil prices have collapsed, demand for goods is reorienting. Since China is the main trade partner of Ukraine and many Ukrainian enterprises are associated with the PRC by purchasing both goods or components for their production, it clearly will not affect our trade relations for the better.

STATUS AND CHALLENGES OF COVID-19 WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THANE CITY, INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Lata Ghanshamnani ◽  
Ambily Adithyan ◽  
Shyamala K. Mani ◽  
Manisha Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Biomedical Waste ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Due to enhanced healthcare needs brought upon by the COVID-19 pandemic, the amount of biomedical waste generated has also increased manifold across the globe. With the world in global crisis due to the recent outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has put great pressure on the biomedical waste management system in India and around the world. To control the spread of the COVID-19 virus, proper disposal of the waste is essential to reduce any risk of secondary transmission. This paper investigates the situation of biomedical waste management in the city of Thane in Maharashtra due to the onset of COVID-19 and suggests some key recommendations to the policymakers to help handle biomedical waste from possible future pandemics. The study found that there was an 81% increase in the total biomedical waste (BMW) generation in 2020, when compared to 2019 and the yellow category waste from COVID-19 centres was the highest contributor to this waste. It was also found that though there was a slight increase in yellow category waste, the total biomedical waste from non- COVID healthcare facilities (HCFs) was comparable to that of the waste generated in HCFs during 2019, revealing that there was conscious reduction in the usage of single use PPEs at non- COVID HCFs. The city, despite owning a Central Biomedical Waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF), was dependent on another incinerator at the Hazardous Waste Management Treatment facility (HWTF) for treatment of the additional waste generated. Unforeseen situation like these, expose the vulnerability of our existing biomedical waste management system and reinforces the need for investing and improving them for strengthening preparedness in the future. The situation also demands periodic education on importance of source segregation and waste reduction through rational use, disinfection and disposal of PPEs.

scholarly journals THE BASIC FRAMEWORK FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GREEN ECONOMY MODEL IN THE BUSINESS PROCESSES OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (167) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
S. Burlutska ◽  
D. Krasovsky
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Management System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The World

At present, the totality of global environmental and economic threats and challenges has put the world economic science in front of the need to find a new way of developing the world economy. The new model of economic growth must satisfy two main criteria: firstly, to find a qualitatively new direction of growth, and secondly, to ensure the preservation and improvement of the quality of the environment for human life, that is, to ensure new economic growth without negative consequences for the environment. Many modern scientists see the solution of these problems in a relatively new direction in the economy, which has existed for just over 30 years - the "green" economy. Their opinion is shared by leading politicians and civil servants of the world's economic powers. The directions of the "green" economy system are considered: introduction of renewable energy sources; improvement of the waste management system; improvement of the water resources management system; development of "clean" transport; organic farming in agriculture; energy efficiency in housing and communal services; conservation and effective management of ecosystems. As a result of the analysis, key ones were identified directions in which the green economy is moving, systematized basic support tools that divided into price and non-price, in more detail characterized by price with the separation of financial tools that experts focus on international organizations for sustainable development. The main elements of the state are defined green growth strategies and analyzed the situation harmonization of the influence of developed countries on the development of "green" economy. An understanding of the essence and description of the goals of "green" technologies is proposed, which implies work not with the consequences, but with the causes of environmental problems. Considered the "green" experience of developed countries and global companies. In conclusion, the author emphasizes that the concept of a "green" economy is an innovative development project, but to achieve sustainability it is necessary to use the experience of other companies. One of the main problems was noticed, this is the use of pseudo environmental friendliness by companies for their own commercial purposes.

scholarly journals Stan i prognoza rozwoju systemu gospodarki odpadami w Europie i USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-123
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Biernat ◽  
Paulina Luiza Dziołak ◽  
Izabela Samson-Bręk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World

This article presents waste management in the world and in some highly developed countries in the European Union such as Germany, Netherlands, and Sweden. The article presented also waste management systems in these countries, with special attention to the processes of energy use of waste (Waste to Energy - WTE) in existing plants.

scholarly journals HORIZONS OF RESEARCH IN GEOGRAPHY OF THE WORLD ECONOMY

HERALD ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Alexandrovich Kolosov ◽  
Elena Alexandrovna Grechko ◽  
Xenia Vladimirovna Mironenko ◽  
Elena Nikolayevna Samburova ◽  
Nikolay Alexandrovich Sluka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Modern World ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The advent of "world economic transition" and the formation of a multipolar world is closely linked, according to experts, with loss of globalization advances, which strengthens regionalism, increases diversification and fragmentation of the modern world, creating risks and threats to the world development. In this light studying the spatial organization of the global economy becomes more important, and at the same time that complicates the choice of priorities in the research activities of the Department of geography of the world economy, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State Lomonosov University in 2016-20, requiring a new research “ideology”. The article summarizes some ideas expressed by the department staff. It specifies that concept of territorial division of labor, as well as the defined set of key actors in the world economy and common assumptions regarding their contributions to its development needs a significant revision. The above firstly concerns giant developing countries, in particular rapidly growing China – a kind of locomotive entraining other developing states. Further, the impact of multinationals on the overall architecture and the territorial organization of the global economy becomes more and more tangible. This phenomenon requires the creation of a new scientific area of concern – the corporate geography as a tool to thoroughly investigate the transnational division of labor. Changes in the balance of acting forces are closely related to changes in industry composition and spatial organization of the global economy. The article raises the issues of development of such processes as tertiarization of the economy, reindustrialization and neoindustrialization, the latter being understood as an evolutionary transition to a knowledge-intensive, high-tech, mass labor-replacing and environmentally efficient industrial production. Basing on preliminary research from the standpoint of a relatively new methodological approach – formation of value chains – the vector of "geographical transition" " in their creation from developed to developing countries was designated. This means increasing complexity of the territorial structure of the world economy and an increase in the importance of semi-periphery. A spatial projection of globalization processes in the form of emerging “archipelago of cities”, which consolidates the international network of TNCs as the supporting node frame of the global economy requires close attention and analysis. The need of comprehending the study scope in the field of geography of the world economy in medium Atlas Information Systems (AIS), which in terms of functionality belong to the upper class of electronic atlases, is noted.

scholarly journals Loss of work productivity in a warming world: Differences between developed and developing countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Yu ◽  
Zhongwei Yan ◽  
Jiangjiang Xia ◽  
Alcide Zhao ◽  
Anzhi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The World ◽  
Warming World

<p>Comparable estimates of the heat-related work productivity loss (WPL) in different countries over the world are difficult partly due to the lack of exact measures and comparable data for different counties. In this study, we analysed 4363 responses to a global online survey on the WPL during heat waves in 2016. The participants were from both developed and developing countries, facilitating estimates of the heat-related WPL across the world for the year. The heat-related WPL for each country involved was then deduced for increases of 1.5, 2, 3 and 4 °C in the global mean surface temperature under the representative concentration pathway scenarios in climate models. The average heat-related WPL in 2016 was 6.6 days for developing countries and 3.5 days for developed countries. The estimated heat-related WPL was negatively correlated with the gross domestic product per capita. When global surface temperatures increased by 1.5, 2, 3 and 4 °C, the corresponding WPL was 9 (19), 12 (31), 22 (61) and 33 (94) days for developed (developing) countries, quantifying how developing countries are more vulnerable to climate change from a particular point of view. Moreover, the heat-related WPL was unevenly distributed among developing countries. In a 2°C-warmer world, the heat-related WPL would be more than two months in Southeast Asia, the most influenced region. The results are considerable for developing strategy of adaptation especially for developing countries.</p>

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