Goal Setting and Control Theory: Implications for Job Search

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary P. Latham ◽  
Mary B. Mawritz ◽  
Edwin A. Locke
Keyword(s):  
Control Theory ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Behavioral Sciences ◽  
And Control

The benefit of using theories in the behavioral sciences for job search is that they facilitate predicting, explaining, and influencing behavior. This chapter compares and contrasts two such theories, namely, goal setting and control theory. Empirical research, emanating from these two theories on job search, is reviewed. The chapter closes with a checklist for job seekers and suggestions for future research.

Networking as a Job-Search Behavior and Career Management Strategy

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica L. Forret
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Career Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Job Search Behavior ◽  
New Jobs

Networking is often cited as a key to job-search success; however, relatively little scholarly research on networking as a job-search behavior exists. The purpose of this chapter is to review the literature on networking and its relevance for job-search success and career management more broadly. The use of networking for both obtaining new jobs at different employers as well as advancing upward in one’s current organization is considered. This chapter describes the importance of networking for developing career competencies, how networking can enhance a job seeker’s social network, and barriers faced by women and minorities in building their social networks. The multiple ways in which networking has been measured are described, along with the antecedents and outcomes of networking behavior pertinent to job seekers. This chapter discusses the implications of networking as a job-search behavior for job seekers, career counselors, and organizations and concludes with future research suggestions for scholars.

scholarly journals Trust motivation: The self-regulatory processes underlying trust decisions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 99-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa van der Werff ◽  
Alison Legood ◽  
Finian Buckley ◽  
Antoinette Weibel ◽  
David de Cremer
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cognitive Trust ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Dynamic View ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
And Control

Theorizing about trust has focused predominantly on cognitive trust cues such as trustworthiness, portraying the trustor as a relatively passive observer reacting to the attributes of the other party. Using self-determination and control theories of motivation, we propose a model of trust motivation that explores the intraindividual processes involved in the volitional aspects of trust decision-making implied by the definition of trust as a willingness to be vulnerable. We distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of trust and propose a two-phase model of trust goal setting and trust regulation. Our model offers a dynamic view of the trusting process and a framework for understanding how trust cognition, affect and behavior interact over time. Furthermore, we discuss how trust goals may be altered or abandoned via a feedback loop during the trust regulation process. We conclude with a discussion of potential implications for existing theory and future research.

Job-Search Behavior as a Multidimensional Construct: A Review of Different Job-Search Behaviors and Sources

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greet van Hoye
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Job Search Behavior ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Unidimensional Construct ◽  
Search Behaviors ◽  
Search Quality

Both theoretical models of job search and empirical research findings suggest that job-search behavior is not a unidimensional construct. This chapter addresses the multidimensionality of job-search behavior and provides a systematic review of the different job-search behaviors and sources studied in the job-search literature and their relationships with antecedent variables and employment outcomes. Organized within three major dimensions (effort/intensity, content/direction, and temporal/persistence), job-search effort and intensity, job-search strategies, preparatory and active job-search behaviors, formal and informal job sources, specific job-search behaviors, job-search quality, job-search dynamics, and job-search persistence are discussed. This review strongly suggests that it is essential to consider all the dimensions of job-search behavior for understanding job-search success in both practice and research. This study points to a number of key implications for job seekers and employment counselors as well as crucial directions for future research.

scholarly journals The Synthesis and Future Directions of Empirical Research on International Students in the United States: The Insights from One Decade

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masha Krsmanovic
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Students ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
International Student ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the trends in empirical research on international students in the United States produced between 2010 and 2019. After reviewing and synthesizing the characteristics of 334 research articles published over the past decade, the author identified the areas that have been overly researched and the domains that have not yet been adequately explored. The overall findings of this review indicated that recent scholarly efforts were not always aligned with the international student representation on U.S. campuses. Consequently, the author generated nine critical recommendations for future research in the field. The recommendations were produced and presented in the context of overly- and under-researched institutional sites (i.e. institutional type and control), international student populations (i.e. academic level, field of study, and country of origin), research methods employed, and research questions examined.

The Oxford Handbook of Job Loss and Job Search

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Temporary Employment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Labor Studies ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences

The Oxford Handbook of Job Loss and Job Search offers a first comprehensive and timely overview of the state of the art thinking and empirical knowledge in the areas of job loss and job search. Multidisciplinary in nature, the 31 chapters in this handbook offer insights into the diverse theoretical and methodological perspectives from which job loss and job search have been studied, such as psychology, sociology, labor studies, and economics. Discussing the antecedents and consequences of job loss as well as further circumstances besides job loss that may call for an intense job search, the handbook presents in depth and up-to-date knowledge on antecedents and consequences of job loss and on methods and processes of job-search and further points readers towards stimulating directions for future research. It also addresses the unique circumstances faced by different populations during their job-search, such as entrants to the labor market, job-to-job, unemployed, and mature-aged job seekers, as well as international job-seekers or people with a career in temporary employment.

International Job Search

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Zikic ◽  
Derin Kent ◽  
Julia Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Search Behaviors ◽  
National Economies

As globalization and integration of national economies continues unabated, an increasing number of people are looking for work outside oftheir home countries. Moreover, rather than waiting to be sent overseas by an employer, as might be the case for corporate expatriate assignees, a growing number of people are independently engaging in international job search. In this chapter, we review the literature on these international job seekers, focusing specifically on immigrants and self-initiated expatriates. First, we consider the diverse motives and contextual factors that drive this international job search; second, we look at the personal and cultural factors serving as antecedents for specific job-search behaviors. We then consider how job-search behaviors—in combination with personal factors and host country contexts—influence international job-search outcomes. Throughout this discussion we identify similarities and differences between immigrants and self-initiated expatriates while acknowledging that the boundaries between different groups of international job seekers are blurred. We conclude the chapter with a discussion of areas for future research.

Experimental evidence for a motivational origin of cognitive impairment in major depression

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Scheurich ◽  
A. Fellgiebel ◽  
I. Schermuly ◽  
S. Bauer ◽  
R. Wölfges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
And Control

BackgroundDiagnostic criteria and empirical evidence support the existence of cognitive deficits in depression. However, depressed mood, loss of interest and low self-efficacy might influence cognitive performance.MethodGoal-setting instructions were used to promote motivation in depressed patients and control subjects during neuropsychological assessment. The resulting performance was compared with performance using standard instructions. Sixty in-patients with non-psychotic unipolar depression and 60 age- and education-matched healthy control subjects were assessed with standard neuropsychological tests [the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), the Digit Symbol Test (DST), the Regensburg Word Fluency Test (RWT), and the Number Combination Test (Zahlen-Verbindungs-Test, ZVT)] using either goal-setting or standard test instructions.ResultsDepressed patients showed lower baseline performance and lower generalized self-efficacy (p<0.0005) than controls. However, goal-setting instructions significantly improved patients' memory performance by 10% [AVLT:F(5, 54)=3.611,p=0.007] and psychomotor performance by 13% [ZVT:F(3, 56)=3.667,p=0.017]. Consequently, patients and control subjects demonstrated similar results when goal-setting instructions were applied. Goal-setting instructions showed a statistical trend, increasing patients' performance in the DST by 12% [F(1, 58)=2.990,p=0.089], although their verbal fluency measured by the RWT did not increase. No significant correlations of increased performance with generalized self-efficacy were found.ConclusionsCognitive deficits in depressed patients are influenced by motivational shortcomings. Because generalized self-efficacy failed to correlate to increased test performance, future research needs to disentangle the effective components of goal-setting instructions. Task-specific self-efficacy as well as enhancement of task-focused attention might underlie the significant goal-setting effect in depressed patients.

Employed Job Seekers and Job-to-Job Search

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy R. Boswell ◽  
Richard G. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Search Activity ◽  
Job Search Behavior ◽  
Employee Withdrawal ◽  
Turnover Models

The purpose of this chapter is to review and integrate the existing research on job-to-job search behavior. The authors provide an overview of the various job-search and employee withdrawal/turnover models followed by a review of the prior empirical findings on the processes, antecedents, and outcomes of job-search behavior within the context of employed individuals. An important focus of this paper is the authors’ explicit focus on the varying objectives an employee may have for engaging in job-search activity. The chapter concludes by discussing developing issues in this research area and offering directions for future research to enhance our understanding of job-to-job search behavior.

(Dis)embodied Job Search Communication Training: Comparative critical ethnographic analysis of materiality and discourse during the unequal search for work

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1251-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela N. Gist-Mackey
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Communication Training ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Support Organizations ◽  
Job Searches ◽  
Ethnographic Analysis

Unemployment can be extremely challenging to manage. Depending on an individual’s social status, unemployment experiences can differ greatly. The longer people grapple with unemployment the more likely they are to seek help from unemployment support organizations. This study takes a comparative, critical ethnographic approach to the study of job search communication training at two separate unemployment support organizations considering intersections of social class and race. The analysis uses a communication lens in order to unpack communication expectations and assumptions embedded into the culture of unemployment support organizations that are tailored to different social class and racial groups. The findings reveal that the job search communication trainings are communicatively biased and divergent. Inequality molds and shapes the process of job search communication training and the progress of job searches. Working-class job seekers are required to communicatively assimilate during training while they manage material reality to survive. Upper-middle-class job seekers refine existing communication skill sets in order to search for work and rarely struggle to manage material needs. The findings point to important implications and areas for future research in workforce studies.

MS JobSeek: A pilot randomized controlled trial of an online peer discussion forum for job-seekers with multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Diana Dorstyn ◽  
Melissa Oxlad ◽  
Rachel Roberts ◽  
Gregory Murphy ◽  
Elizabeth Potter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Job Search ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Discussion Forum ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Peer Discussion ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND: Peer-facilitated interventions have been successfully used in chronic disease management. Less is known about their application in vocational rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: To pilot-test an online peer discussion forum to improve exploration of employment options in job-seekers with long-term multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: Twenty-nine persons with relapsing/progressive MS (4–27 years since diagnosis) were recruited online and randomly assigned to an 8-week discussion forum led by peers and a moderator –MS JobSeek (n = 14), or an active control group (n = 15). Forum engagement and user satisfaction were examined, as were pre-post self-evaluations of job search behaviour, efficacy, and quality of life. RESULTS: A high (43%) attrition rate was noted, although intervention completers acknowledged and valued online mentors’ guidance and expertise. Group and time effects were not significant (p <  0.05), with both MS JobSeek and control participants reporting positive (e.g., increase in job search activities) and negative (e.g., lowered self-efficacy) change. CONCLUSIONS: The pilot findings suggest that online peer support is feasible, however more can be done to promote peer-to-peer communication. Recommendations for improving forum engagement and satisfaction in a future controlled trial, including strategies to better support mentees’ individualised needs, are offered.

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