IMMUNIZATION WITH LIVE TYPE 4 ADENOVIRUS: DETERMINATION OF INFECTIOUS VIRUS DOSE AND PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ENTERIC INFECTION1

Infusion of glucose alone or glucose with insulin in cats subjected to acute myocardial ischemia did not alter the hemodynamic response of the cats to coronary artery ligation. Furthermore, determination of myocardial creatine phosphokinase (CPK) (ATP:creatine N-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.3.2) activities failed to reveal a protective effect of glucose and insulin upon the status of the developing infarct in the ischemic myocardium. However, glucose and insulin apparently promote clearance of CPK from the plasma and inhibit proteolysis during the early phase of myocardial ischemia. These actions may be of value in generalized adaptive response of the animal to the stress of ischemia, but does not per se appear to diminish the spread of the ischemic damage within the heart nor to limit the extension of the evolving infarct.

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Effects of Infectious Virus Dose and Bloodmeal Delivery Method on Susceptibility ofAedes aegyptiandAedes albopictusto Chikungunya Virus

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1603/033.046.0228 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 395-399 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Kendra Pesko ◽

Catherine J. Westbrook ◽

Christopher N. Mores ◽

L. Philip Lounibos ◽

Michael H. Reiskind

Keyword(s):

Chikungunya Virus ◽

Infectious Virus ◽

Delivery Method ◽

Virus Dose

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Protective Effect of Equine Butyrylcholinesterase in Inhalation Intoxication of Rats with Sarin: Determination of Blood and Brain Cholinesterase Activities

Inhalation Toxicology ◽

10.1080/08958370490442511 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 531-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Lucie Ševelová ◽

Jiřé Bajgar ◽

Ashima Saxena ◽

Bhupendra P. Doctor

Keyword(s):

Protective Effect ◽

Brain Cholinesterase ◽

Cholinesterase Activities

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Antigen Testing for COVID-19 Asymptomatic Screening: Why it Should be Preferred Over PCR Insights From Navy Region Japan’s Experience With a Comprehensive Antigen Testing Strategy

Military Medicine ◽

10.1093/milmed/usab331 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ross A Mullinax

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Infectious Virus ◽

Infectious Period ◽

Test Results ◽

Testing Strategy ◽

Viral Loads ◽

Viral Culture ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Antigen Testing

ABSTRACT Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is commonly used in asymptomatic screening testing, but is suboptimal for this purpose as it will identify many old persistent positives that are no longer infectious. This can result in placement of individuals that are not infectious to others into isolation. This results in substantial adverse impact to military manning and operations, without any benefit to public health. Antigen testing does not have this same drawback. Antigen testing, while less sensitive than PCR, will identify the vast majority of infectious positives, especially those with higher viral loads that are more likely to transmit to others. Importantly, use of antigen testing will also greatly increase the certainty of benefit from isolation, reducing the risk of isolating those individuals who are beyond their infectious period and pose no threat to public health. The literature on this topic is reviewed, with particular focus on studies that perform viral culture in addition to PCR and antigen testing. This allows for determination of sensitivity for infectious virus. Also, Navy Region Japan’s experience with a comprehensive antigen testing strategy is described. The challenges presented by persistent positive PCR test results are examined, as well as the real-world benefits from implementing widespread use of antigen testing.

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Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacity, Protective Effect on Human Erythrocytes and Phenolic Compound Identification in Two Varieties of Plum Fruit (Spondias spp.) by UPLC-MS

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules23123200 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (12) ◽

pp. 3200 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Karen L. Hernández-Ruiz ◽

Saul Ruiz-Cruz ◽

Luis A. Cira-Chávez ◽

Laura E. Gassos-Ortega ◽

José de Jesús Ornelas-Paz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protective Effect ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Human Erythrocytes ◽

Compound Identification ◽

Good Source ◽

Edible Part ◽

Biological Interest

Plum edible part was used to obtained extracts by during a 4 h maceration process using three different solvents (ethanol, methanol and water) for the determination of total phenols and flavonoids, antioxidant capacity by (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hemolysis inhibition in human blood assays. Subsequently, phenolic compounds were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC-MS). The results indicated that the ethanolic extract of plum fruit being a good source of phenolic (12–18 mg GAE/g FW) and flavonoids (2.3–2.5 mg QE/g FW) content in both varieties of plum. Also, the fruits proved a good source of antioxidants as measured by DPPH and ABTS; likewise, plum aqueous extracts showed the highest protective effect on human erythrocytes with 74.34 and 64.62% for yellow and red plum, respectively. A total of 23 bioactive compounds were identified by UPLC-MS, including gallic acid, rutin, resorcinol, chlorogenic acid, catechin, and ellagic acid, and the antioxidant capacity can be attributed to these species. The edible part of plum contains compounds of biological interest, suggesting that this fruit has antioxidant potential that can be exploited for various technologies.

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