scholarly journals 0236 Team-Based Athletes Sleep Less Than Individual Athletes, But Do Not Report More Insomnia or Fatigue

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A91-A91
Author(s):  
M A Clay ◽  
A Athey ◽  
J Charest ◽  
A Auerbach ◽  
R W Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Sleep Complaints ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Severity Index Score ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Fatigue Severity ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Introduction Collegiate student-athletes face challenges balancing academics and athletics, and getting an adequate amount of sleep is one factor that can assist in sustaining an elite level of play. Team-based sports may present with systematically different sets of demands. Methods Data were obtained at the start of the academic semester from N=189 NCAA Division-1 athletes from a wide range of sports. The sample was 46% female. Individuals were classified as playing in a team sport (e.g., football, basketball, baseball, softball, volleyball) or an individual sport (e.g., swimming, track, golf). Sleep-related outcomes included self-reported sleep duration and sleep latency, frequency of sleeping pill use (Never, Rarely, Sometimes, Often), Insomnia Severity Index score, and Fatigue Severity Scale score. Regression analyses were adjusted for age and sex. Results In adjusted analyses, team-based athletes reported 22.4 minutes less sleep than individual athletes (95%CI -42.8,-1.9; p<0.05). They also reported 5.6 less minutes of sleep latency (95%CI -10.8,-0.3; p<0.05). More frequent sleeping pill use was also reported (oOR=0.96; 95%CI: 0.26,1.67; p=0.007). They did not report any differences in insomnia or daytime fatigue levels. Conclusion These results suggest that even though team-based athletes may not report more sleep complaints or daytime complaints, they may be at increased risk for less sleep and more sleep medication. Further work is needed to identify the sources of these differences to guide interventions. Support The REST study was funded by an NCAA Innovations grant. Dr. Grandner is supported by R01MD011600

scholarly journals 0544 Reconsidering Stimulus Control: Activities in Bed Associated with Sleep-Related Outcomes

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A208-A208
Author(s):  
S Phan ◽  
M L Perlis ◽  
L Hale ◽  
C Branas ◽  
W D Killgore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Severity Scale ◽  
Fatigue Severity ◽  
Watching Tv ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Introduction The typical advice is that in order to avoid insomnia, people should avoid activities in bed other than sleep. Yet, activities such as reading and watching TV in bed are common. Methods Data were obtained from the Sleep and Health Activity, Diet, Environment, and Socialization (SHADES) Study, N=1,007 adults age 22-60. Sleep hygiene was assessed using items from the Sleep Practices and Attitudes Questionnaire (SPAQ), which asked whether respondents agree/disagree that they do the following in bed: Read, Watch TV, Eat, Work, Worry, and/or Argue. These were analyzed in relation to Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) score, and self-reported sleep duration (TST), sleep latency (SL), and wake after sleep onset (WASO). Covariates included age, sex, education, and income. Results Those that frequently engaged in activities were: reading (75%), watching TV (63%), eating (42%), working (32%), worrying (82%), and arguing (23%). Reading was associated with less WASO (B=-14min, p=0.02). Watching TV was associated with higher ISI (B=1.22, p=0.04), PSQI (B=1.04, p=0.007), and ESS (B=0.87, p=0.049), and less TST (B=-0.29, p=0.04). Eating was associated with higher ISI (B=1.75, p=0.01), PSQI (B=1.23, p=0.008), and FSS (B=4.36, p=0.002). Working was associated with higher ISI (B=1.82, p=0.019), PSQI (B=1.65, p=0.001), and ESS (B=1.78, p=0.002). Worrying was associated with higher ISI (B=7.34, p<0.0005), PSQI (B=4.40, p<0.0005), ESS (B=2.53, p=0.001), FSS (B=9.51, p<0.0005), and SL (B=19.39, p<0.0005), and less TST (B=-0.55, p=0.023). Arguing was associated with higher ISI (B=3.78, p<0.0005), PSQI (B=3.15, p<0.0005), ESS (1.47, p=0.023), and SL (B=10.97, p=0.013), and lower TST (B=-0.71, p=0.001). Conclusion Individuals who perform mentally distressing activities such as worrying and arguing experience especially worse sleep, and those who read in bed have fewer awakenings. Support The SHADES study was funded by R21ES022931. Dr. Grandner is supported by R01MD011600.

scholarly journals Cognitive and Neuroimaging Correlates of the Insomnia Severity Index in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Pilot-Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5314
Author(s):  
Alberto R. Ramos ◽  
Noam Alperin ◽  
Sang Lee ◽  
Kevin A. Gonzalez ◽  
Wassim Tarraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Insomnia Severity Index ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Severity Index Score ◽  
Insomnia Severity

We aim to determine the sleep correlates of age-related brain loss in a sample of middle-aged to older males with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We recruited consecutive treatment naïve male patients with moderate to severe OSA from January to November of 2019. We excluded participants if they had dementia, stroke or heart disease. We collected demographic variables and vascular risk factors. We also obtained the insomnia severity index, the Epworth sleepiness scale and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index. We also obtained computerized neurocognitive testing with the go-no-go response inhibition test, Stroop interference test, catch game test, staged information processing speed test, verbal memory test and non-verbal memory test. We derived age and education adjusted domain-specific Z-scores for global cognition, memory, attention, processing speed and executive function. We used brain MRI T1-weighted images to derive total hippocampal and gray matter volumes. Partial correlations evaluated associations between variables from sleep questionnaires (e.g., insomnia severity index score), and polysomnographic variables (the apnea-hypopnea index, average oxygen levels during sleep) with cognitive domains and brain volumes. We examined 16 participants with an age range of 40–76 years, 73% Hispanic/Latino. The mean apnea-hypopnea index was 48.9 ± 25.5 and average oxygen saturation during sleep was 91.4% ± 6.9%. Hypertension was seen in 66% and diabetes mellitus in 27%. We found that the insomnia severity index score and average oxygen levels during sleep had the strongest correlations with brain volumes and cognition. These preliminary findings may aid in developing future strategies to improve age-related brain loss in patients with OSA.

scholarly journals P205 Influencing factors of Sleep quality in patients with Crohn’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S267-S267
Author(s):  
M Sabbah ◽  
H Jlassi ◽  
N Bellil ◽  
D Trad ◽  
A Ouakaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Fatigue Score ◽  
Insomnia Severity Index ◽  
Fatigue Severity ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Background Sleep is considered vital for the health and quality of life of individuals. Recently, studies have suggested that sleep disturbances are common in people with Crohn’s disease (CD) and in the majority of cases are related to disease activity.The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of insomnia in patients with CD and to identify the influencing factors. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study including patients with CD followed in the department between July and August 2020 was carried out. Epidemiological and clinical data have been collected. Self-report questionnaires were given to patients. Insomnia was assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) which provides a valid index of the overall severity of insomnia. A score between 0 and 7 indicates the absence of insomnia; between 8 and 14 a mild infra-clinical insomnia; between 15 and 21 moderate clinical insomnia, and between 22 and 28 severe insomnia. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire which is a scale of 14 items rated from 0 to 3. Seven questions are related to anxiety and seven to depression. Fatigue was screened for using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) which has 9 questions rated from one to seven. Significant fatigue was defined by a score greater than or equal to 5.5. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 21 software (p significant if less than 0.05). Results Thirty two patients with a mean age of 38.28 years [18–60 years] and a sex ratio equal to 1 were enrolled. Mean duration of the disease was 10.56 years [1–40 years]. At the time of inclusion, the average Harvey Bradshaw (HAB) score was 5.14 [1–14]. Mean insomnia score was 12.62 [0–26]. The insomnia severity index showed mild insomnia in 4 patients (12.5%), moderate insomnia in 7 patients (22%) and severe insomnia in 8 patients (25%). The HADS score revealed obvious depression in 19% of patients, doubtful depression in 25% of patients. 56% of patients had no symptoms of depression. Likewise, anxiety was objectified in 22% of patients and doubtful anxiety in 37% of patients. 41% of patients had no symptoms of anxiety. The mean fatigue score was 3.75 ± 1.9 [range 1–9]. A fatigue score greater than or equal to 5.5 was observed in 3 cases (9%). A significant positive correlation was found between the insomnia severity score and the depression score (r = 0.4, p = 0.035) as well as the fatigue severity score (r: 0.36, p = 0.04). Conclusion Our study shows that insomnia is very common in patients with CD. The factors associated with these sleep disturbances were depression and fatigue. Gastroenterologist and psychologist should join forces to evaluate emotional as well as sleep disturbances for a better global CD management.

scholarly journals 210 Changes in Dream Recall During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Associations with Sleep, Stress and Dream Content

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A84-A85
Author(s):  
Chloe Wills ◽  
Kathryn Kennedy ◽  
Célyne Bastien ◽  
Perrine Ruby ◽  
William D S Killgore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Dream Content ◽  
Dream Recall ◽  
Fatigue Severity ◽  
Sleep Environment ◽  
Sudden Decrease ◽  
Positive Content ◽  
Insomnia Severity ◽  
Sleep Control

Abstract Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals have faced unprecedented events, which are often stressful. Stress has an important impact on dreams, and stress-induced sleep difficulties may also impact dream recall. The present study evaluated associations between sleep, stress and dream content on dream recall during the pandemic. Methods A sample of N=419 US adults completed online surveys about sleep and COVID-19 experiences. Participants were asked if they remember more, fewer or about the same amount of dreams as before the pandemic. They were also asked whether the pandemic was associated with more stress, a more regular schedule, improved sleep, worse sleep, more early insomnia, more middle-of-the-night insomnia, more sleepiness, and more naps. They also completed the Insomnia Severity Index, Fatigue Severity Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Brief Index of Sleep Control, Assessment of Sleep Environment, GAD-7 anxiety scale, and PHQ9 depression scale. Multinomial logistic regressions examined correlates of increased or decreased recall (versus same), adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Results Those who experienced greater schedule regularity were less likely to report decreased recall (RRR=0.50,p<0.0005), as were those who reported sleep improvement (RRR=0.48,p=0.006). Those whose sleep worsened were more likely to report both increased (RRR=1.64,p=0.003) and decreased (RRR=2.16,p<0.0005) recall. Those suffering maintenance insomnia were more likely to report both increased (RRR=1.70,p=0.001) and decreased (RRR=2.68,p<0.0005) recall, as did those who reported more daytime sleepiness (Increased RRR=1.57,p=0.006; Decreased RRR=1.94,p=0.001). Those whose dream content was more negative were more likely to report both increased (RRR=4.05,p<0.005) and decreased (RRR=3.35,p<0.0005) recall, as did those who reported less negative content (Increased RRR=4.20,p<0.0005; Decreased RRR=5.05,p<0.0005). Similarly, those who reported more positive dream content reported both increased (RRR=17.37,p<0.0005) and decreased (RRR=7.14,p=0.02) recall, as did those who reported less positive content (Increased RRR=4.49,p<0.0005; Decreased RRR=5.59,p<0.0005). Less recall was associated with greater insomnia severity (RRR=1.08,p=0.001), fatigue (RRR=1.04,p=0.001), sleepiness (RRR=1.09,p=0.01), COVID stress (RRR=1.67,p=0.03), anxiety (RRR=1.08,p=0.01), and depression (RRR=1.06,p=0.007), worse sleep environment (RRR=1.06,p=0.005), and less sleep control (RRR=0.56,p=0.001). Conclusion The results of this survey suggest that a sudden decrease in dream recall in reaction to a new stress could be considered as a pejorative indicator regarding sleep quality and mental health. Support (if any) R01MD011600, R01DA051321

scholarly journals Association between Insomnia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome among Adolescents in South Korea: A Quantitative Cross-Sectional Study

Adolescents ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-507
Author(s):  
Yun-Yi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insomnia Severity Index ◽  
Severity Index Score ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Insomnia refers to having difficulty sleeping even when given the opportunity and environment to sleep. Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional bowel disease that is accompanied by abdominal pain and irregular defecation but not organic lesions. Although insomnia and irritable bowel syndrome are pathophysiologically related, studies on their relationship among adolescents are lacking. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of insomnia and irritable bowel syndrome among adolescents and the association between them. In May 2021, a survey was conducted among high school adolescents from Daegu Metropolitan City, South Korea, using the Korean version of the Insomnia Severity Index and the Rome IV diagnostic criteria for irritable bowel syndrome. Data were analyzed using chi-square and Mann–Whitney tests and logistic regression analyses. The incidence of insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index score ≥ 10) was 18.4% (n = 74) while that of irritable bowel syndrome was 10.7% (n = 43). Irritable bowel syndrome was strongly associated with an increased incidence of insomnia (odds ratio = 3.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.66–6.53). Therefore, the association between insomnia and irritable bowel syndrome has relevance in the treatment of insomnia in adolescents.

766 Anxiety is a potential mediating factor in the insomnia-aggression association

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A298-A298
Author(s):  
Spencer Nielson ◽  
Joseph Dzierzewski ◽  
Daniel Kay
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Indirect Aggression ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Sleep Diaries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Introduction Several recent studies have found an association between insomnia and increased aggression. Aggression may increase arousal, thereby predisposing individuals to sleep difficulties. Conversely, insomnia may impair brain circuitry involved in aggression. Ultimately, the relationship between insomnia and aggression remains poorly understood and understudied. This study sought to explore this association in a sample of individuals with a wide range of insomnia symptom severity, stratified from minimal to moderately severe. Methods Participants’ (N=66) insomnia symptoms were assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index. Participants also completed daily sleep diaries for 7–21 days followed by an ambulatory polysomnography overnight sleep study to characterize participants’ sleep and to rule out organic sleep disorders. The evening of the overnight sleep study, participants completed the 34-item Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (AQ). Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to assess associations between insomnia, AQ total score, and the AQ subscale scores (i.e., physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, hostility, indirect aggression). Multiple regression was utilized to determine whether aggression was associated with insomnia severity while adjusting for demographic features, depression symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and trait anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety inventory). Results In bivariate analyses, insomnia severity was significantly correlated with the AQ total score and with the anger and hostility subscales of the AQ (r=0.297, p<0.05; r=0.266, p<0.05; r=0.321, p<0.05 respectively). When adjusting for the significant association between anxiety and insomnia in multiple regression analyses, anger and hostility were no longer significantly associated with insomnia severity(p>.05). Conclusion Our investigation suggests that the association between insomnia and aggression is most specific to anger and hostility but that these associations may be better explained by their shared associations with anxiety. Support (if any):

319 Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index Short-Form for Identifying Insomnia Disorder in Young Adult Cancer Survivors

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A128-A128
Author(s):  
Lydia Chevalier ◽  
Alexis Michaud ◽  
Eric Zhou ◽  
Grace Chang ◽  
Christopher Recklitis
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Young Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Young Adult Cancer ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Introduction Insomnia is a common and impairing late effect experienced by many young adult cancer survivors (YACS). Although routine evaluation of sleep disorders in cancer survivors is recommended, lack of consensus on appropriate screening measures contributes to under-identification and under-treatment of these disorders in YACS. As screening measures are ideally as brief as possible while maintaining validity, we sought to validate the recently published three-item Insomnia Severity Index Short-Form (ISI-SF) in YACS. Methods 250 YACS completed the ISI and the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 (SCID-5). The ISI-SF was created by summing three ISI items: distress (item #6), interference (item #7), and satisfaction (item #4). In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to compare discrimination on the ISI-SF to two criteria: the full-scale ISI using a cutoff of ≥8 recently validated in this sample, and the SCID-5 insomnia module. Consistent with previous research, we specified a priori that a cut-off score on the ISI-SF with sensitivity ≥.85 and specificity ≥.75 would be acceptable. Results The ISI-SF had excellent discrimination when compared to the full-scale ISI (AUC = .97) and a cut-off score of ≥4 met criteria with a sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 86%. The ISI-SF had good discrimination when compared to the SCID-5 (AUC = .88), but none of the cut-off scores met a priori criteria for sensitivity and specificity. A cut-off score of ≥4 came closest with a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 70%. Conclusion Although the ISI-SF did not meet sensitivity and specificity criteria for a stand-alone screening measure when compared to a diagnostic interview, it demonstrated utility as the first step in a two-step screening procedure. Specifically, the high sensitivity of the ≥4 ISI-F cut-off score is well-suited to accurately screening out YACS who do not need insomnia services; as a second screen, the SCID-5 insomnia module could be administered only to those elevated on the ISI-SF in order to identify false positives cases before making referrals for insomnia specialists. Support (if any) National Cancer Institute (1R21CA223832), Swim Across America

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Its Symptoms’ Panoply: A Case-Control Study of 919 Suspected Cases in Locked-Down Ovar, Portugal

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Regina Sá ◽  
Tiago Pinho-Bandeira ◽  
Guilherme Queiroz ◽  
Joana Matos ◽  
João Duarte Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Suspected Case ◽  
Risk Characteristics ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Control Study

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Ovar was the first Portuguese municipality to declare active community transmission of SARS-CoV-2, with total lockdown decreed on March 17, 2020. This context provided conditions for a large-scale testing strategy, allowing a referral system considering other symptoms besides the ones that were part of the case definition (fever, cough, and dyspnea). This study aims to identify other symptoms associated with COVID-19 since it may clarify the pre-test probability of the occurrence of the disease. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This case-control study uses primary care registers between March 29 and May 10, 2020 in Ovar municipality. Pre-test clinical and exposure-risk characteristics, reported by physicians, were collected through a form, and linked with their laboratory result. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The study population included a total of 919 patients, of whom 226 (24.6%) were COVID-19 cases and 693 were negative for SARS-CoV-2. Only 27.1% of the patients reporting contact with a confirmed or suspected case tested positive. In the multivariate analysis, statistical significance was obtained for headaches (OR 0.558), odynophagia (OR 0.273), anosmia (OR 2.360), and other symptoms (OR 2.157). The interaction of anosmia and odynophagia appeared as possibly relevant with a borderline statistically significant OR of 3.375. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> COVID-19 has a wide range of symptoms. Of the myriad described, the present study highlights anosmia itself and calls for additional studies on the interaction between anosmia and odynophagia. Headaches and odynophagia by themselves are not associated with an increased risk for the disease. These findings may help clinicians in deciding when to test, especially when other diseases with similar symptoms are more prevalent, namely in winter.

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