scholarly journals 196 Sleeping Through a Pandemic: Sleep Health in Adults Around the World During the COVID-19 Lockdown

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A79-A79
Author(s):  
Dilara Yuksel ◽  
Grace McKee ◽  
Paul Perrin ◽  
Elisabet Alzueta ◽  
Sendy Caffarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Global Comparison ◽  
The World ◽  
Good Sleep

Abstract Introduction The novel COVID-19 disease rapidly escalated into a global pandemic affecting people around the world. While communities imposed mitigation measures to stop the spread of the disease, the mass (home) confinement in addition to the uncertainty of the pandemic led to drastic changes in all aspects of life, including sleep. Sleep health is strongly linked with mental and overall health and could play a protective role against the development of mental distress during the pandemic. Here, we investigated sleep health in a global multicultural sample of adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We surveyed 6,882 adults (18-94 years) across 59 countries about their sleep health (RU-SATED scale), sleep behaviors, demographics, pandemic-related factors, and mood between late April and early May 2020. A hierarchical stepwise multiple linear regression was performed to investigate correlates of sleep health. Results Compared with pre-pandemic times, more than one third of the sample reported an increase in sleep disturbances, and more than half of the sample shifted their sleep schedule towards later bed- and wake-up times. Better sleep health was associated with being partnered, older age and living in a higher-income country (p<.001). Poorer sleep health was associated with a stricter level of quarantine, and other pandemic-related factors including being laid off from job, financial strain, or difficulties with transitioning to working from home (R2=.116, p<.001). Domestic conflict emerged as the strongest correlate of poorer sleep health in the regression model. Greater depression and anxiety symptoms were associated with a poorer sleep health (p<.001). In a global comparison, Latin Americans reported the lowest sleep health scores. Conclusion Our findings highlight how sleep behavior has changed during the international quarantine- and isolation measurements and show the association between pandemic-related factors and poor sleep health, which, in turn, is closely linked with poorer mental health. These results emphasize the importance of maintaining good sleep health during the pandemic, since poorer sleep health may trigger or exacerbate mental disorders. Maintenance of good sleep health should be incorporated into public health messages aimed at helping people maintain optimal mental and physical health during major stressful life events like the COVID-19 pandemic. Support (if any):

Insomnia and Clinical Sleep Disturbance in Later Life

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Smith
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Reasonable Expectation ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Good Sleep

Sleep health is understood as a key factor in lifelong health and for social participation, function, and satisfaction. In later life, insomnia and other sleep disturbances are common. Insomnia is experienced as poor, disrupted, or insufficient sleep associated with significant daytime impairments including increased fatigue or reduced energy, impaired cognitive function, and increased mood disturbance. Poor sleep is associated with negative outcomes across a range of dimensions that impair quality of life, increases risk for other diseases, and may interact negatively with the progression and treatment of other disorders. Evidence for effective psychological interventions to improve sleep in later life, specifically cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, is robust and well described. Good sleep should be understood as a substrate for psychological health and a reasonable expectation in later life.

534 Food Insecurity and Sleep Health by Race/Ethnicity and Age Group in the United States

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A211-A211
Author(s):  
Nyree Riley ◽  
Dana Alhasan ◽  
W Braxton Jackson ◽  
Chandra Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
High Food ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Falling Asleep

Abstract Introduction Food insecurity may influence sleep through poor mental health (e.g., depression) and immune system suppression. Although prior studies have found food insecurity to be associated with poor sleep, few studies have investigated the food security-sleep association among racially/ethnically diverse participants and with multiple sleep dimensions. Methods Using National Health Interview Survey data, we examined overall, age-, sex/gender-, and racial/ethnic-specific associations between food insecurity and sleep health. Food security was categorized as very low, low, marginal, and high. Sleep duration was categorized as very short (<6 hours), short (<7 hours), recommended (7–9 hours), and long (≥9 hours). Sleep disturbances included trouble falling and staying asleep, insomnia symptoms, waking up feeling unrested, and using sleep medication (all ≥3 days/times in the previous week). Adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and other confounders, we used Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for sleep dimensions by very low, low, and marginal vs. high food security. Results The 177,435 participants’ mean age was 47.2±0.1 years, 52.0% were women, 68.4% were Non-Hispanic (NH)-White. Among individuals reporting very low food security, 75.4% had an annual income of <$35,000 and 60.3% were ≥50 years old. After adjustment, very low vs. high food security was associated with a higher prevalence of very short (PR=2.61 [95%CI: 2.44–2.80]) and short (PR=1.66 [95% CI: 1.60–1.72]) sleep duration. Very low vs. high food security was associated with both trouble falling asleep (PR=2.21 [95% CI: 2.12–2.30]) and trouble staying asleep (PR=1.98 [95% CI: 1.91–2.06]). Very low vs. high food security was associated with higher prevalence of very short sleep duration among Asians (PR=3.64 [95% CI: 2.67–4.97]), Whites (PR=2.73 [95% CI: 2.50–2.99]), Blacks (PR=2.03 [95% CI: 1.80–2.31]), and Hispanic/Latinxs (PR=2.65 [95% CI: 2.30–3.07]). Conclusion Food insecurity was associated with poor sleep in a diverse sample of the US population. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Altered sleep behavior in a genetic mouse model of impaired fear extinction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Maria Fritz ◽  
Matthias Kreuzer ◽  
Alp Altunkaya ◽  
Nicolas Singewald ◽  
Thomas Fenzl
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Inbred Mouse Strain ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Fear Extinction ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Secondary Symptom ◽  
Sleep Behavior

AbstractSleep disturbances are a common complaint of anxiety patients and constitute a hallmark feature of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Emerging evidence suggests that poor sleep is not only a secondary symptom of anxiety- and trauma-related disorders but represents a risk factor in their development, for example by interfering with emotional memory processing. Fear extinction is a critical mechanism for the attenuation of fearful and traumatic memories and multiple studies suggest that healthy sleep is crucial for the formation of extinction memories. However, fear extinction is often impaired in anxiety- and trauma-related disorders—an endophenotype that is perfectly modelled in the 129S1/SvImJ inbred mouse strain. To investigate whether these mice exhibit altered sleep at baseline that could predispose them towards maladaptive fear processing, we compared their circadian sleep/wake patterns to those of typically extinction-competent C57BL/6 mice. We found significant differences regarding diurnal distribution of sleep and wakefulness, but also sleep architecture, spectral features and sleep spindle events. With regard to sleep disturbances reported by anxiety- and PTSD patients, our findings strengthen the 129S1/SvImJ mouse models’ face validity and highlight it as a platform to investigate novel, sleep-focused diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Whether the identified alterations causally contribute to its pathological anxiety/PTSD-like phenotype will, however, have to be addressed in future studies.

scholarly journals Do sleep difficulties exacerbate deficits in sustained attention following traumatic brain injury?

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
IMOGEN L.M. BLOOMFIELD ◽  
COLIN A. ESPIE ◽  
JONATHAN J. EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Injury Rehabilitation ◽  
Attentional Functioning ◽  
Sleep Difficulties ◽  
Good Sleep

AbstractSustained attention has been shown to be vulnerable following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Sleep restriction and disturbances have been shown to negatively affect sustained attention. Sleep disorders are common but under-diagnosed after TBI. Thus, it seems possible that sleep disturbances may exacerbate neuropsychological deficits for a proportion of individuals who have sustained a TBI. The aim of this prospective study was to examine whether poor sleepers post-TBI had poorer sustained and general attentional functioning than good sleepers post-TBI. Retrospective subjective, prospective subjective, and objective measures were used to assess participants’ sleep. The results showed that the poor sleep group had significantly poorer sustained attention ability than the good sleep group. The differences on other measures of attention were not significant. This study supports the use of measures that capture specific components of attention rather than global measures of attention, and highlights the importance of assessing and treating sleep problems in brain injury rehabilitation. (JINS, 2010, 16, 17–25.)

scholarly journals Suicide Ideation & Sleep Quality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamna Amin ◽  
Kathy Sexton-Radek
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Good Sleep

Suicide Ideation & Sleep Quality Sleep disturbances were found to be associated with suicidal idealization (Benert & Joiner, 2007). Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a significant role in sleep regulation and has been identified to be relevant in studies of suicide as well. Serotonin is released when individuals wake up, reduced during sleep, and lowest during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep (Benneditti, Serettti et al, 1999). Hypothesis: Less time on screens before falling asleep will have better sleep quality and higher self esteem. Lower chances of committing suicide. Methods: All participants took a pretest during the informational session and a post test during the debriefing session. The pretest and posttest were contrived of demographic and sleep pattern questions. Both assessments were exactly the same. All participants filled out wake up diaries that contained scales in which they had to rate the quality of their sleep from 1 (poor sleep) to 10 (good sleep). These were filled out for seven days immediately after waking up. Control group= No manipulations Experimental group= 30 minutes without smart screen technology + filling out sleep diaries Sleeping diaries did not include any questions or structure. Participants were encouraged to record whatever was on their minds/how they felt about their days. Conclusion: Increase in negative emotions between day 3 and day 6 of the experiment. - Statistical significance was measured (chi square=15.276**, df=1). - “I miss my phone” and “I don’t know how I am going to do this” appeared several times. - “Nomophobia” is a fear of being unable to communicate through a cellular device or the internet. Future Implications: There is no concrete definition of what “good sleep” is. Participants had different definitions as to what they constituted as “good sleep” For example, good sleep is being able to sleep without any disturbances for eight or more hours. Another definition of good sleep could reiterate the amount of alertness one feels after waking up. Further analysis questions can be made in order to establish a definition.

Why cardiac nurses need good sleep health literacy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Michael Le Grande ◽  
Debra Kerr ◽  
Alison Beauchamp ◽  
Alun Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Health It ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Good Sleep

A holistic view of patient health recognises sleep as an important pillar of wellbeing. There is increasing evidence that sleep disorders are associated with both the cause and consequences of a patient's cardiac conditions. It follows, therefore, that recognition and treatment of these disorders may be of particular importance in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. The purpose of this commentary is to outline how two major sleep disorders (obstructive sleep apnoea and insomnia) are associated with poor sleep quality, psychological health and cardiac health. It is hoped that health professionals, including cardiac nurses, can obtain a basic understanding of these associations so that they may better explain the importance of screening and treatment for sleep disorders to their patients.

scholarly journals P1219SLEEP AND PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Do Mar Menezes ◽  
Ana Carina Ferreira ◽  
Vasco Fernandes ◽  
Fernando Nolasco
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Good Sleep

Abstract Background and Aims Sleep is considered a basic human need according to Maslow. It helps in the individual‘s physical and psychological recovery. Nowadays, sleep disturbances are an increasingly frequent reality and they interfere negatively with quality of life. Poor sleep quality has a negative impact on the individual’s health (attention, memory, Diabetes, Hypertension, immune system depression, mortality). Peritoneal dialysis (PD) may be an additional insult that is disturbing to its quality. The aim of the study was to assess the quality and health of sleep in PD patients. Method We carried out a single-center study in 35 prevalent PD patients. We used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale (PSQI), which evaluates seven components (subjective quality, latency, duration, usual efficiency of sleep and sleep changes, medication use and daytime dysfunction) and which considers a good sleep quality when PSQI ≤5. We used a sleep health scale assessed by SATED PT (validated for the Portuguese population) and which considers 0 poor sleep health and 30 good sleep health. Each patient answered both PSQI and SATED-PT questionnaires. Demographic and clinical variables were analyzed. Continuous variables are presented as means (standard deviation) or medians (interquartile range), depending on normality; categorical as frequencies. Univariate analysis was performed. STATA software was used and p <0.05 was considered significant. Results Our cohort has 18 (51%) women, 34 (97%) Caucasians, mean age 49 ± 15 years, median dialysis time of 20.5 (8-33) months; 4 (11%) had a history of attempted construction of arteriovenous fistula and 7 underwent a short period of hemodialysis before starting PD (median 60 months). Charlson's median score was 4 (2-5). 21 patients (60%) were on automated PD, 14 on manual, 18 on Baxter system and 17 on Fresenius system. Regarding sleep quality, the average obtained on the PSQI scale was 7 ± 3.4 and 60% had values> 5. We found no correlations between these parameters and the demographic and clinical variables studied. We found that 36.4% of patients wake up earlier than expected, 43.8% get up to go to the bathroom, 30% have nightmares, 20% have pain while sleeping, 23.5% depend on sleeping medication, 34.3% have restless legs, all these parameters in a frequency greater than 3x week. Regarding sleep health, the mean of the SATED scale was 22 ± 5.8 and only 2 patients (5.7%) had values <10. We found a negative correlation between the SATED value and time on dialysis (p = 0.03) and a positive correlation with BMI (p = 0.04). Only 1 patient with normal values lived alone (p = 0.03). None of these scales (and respective sub-scales) correlated with the PD modality. Conclusion In conclusion, the majority of our patients have poor sleep quality but the small sample size limits further conclusions from this study.

scholarly journals Neighborhood Social Cohesion and Sleep Health by Age, Sex/Gender, and Race/Ethnicity in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9475
Author(s):  
Dana M. Alhasan ◽  
Symielle A. Gaston ◽  
W. Braxton Jackson ◽  
Patrice C. Williams ◽  
Ichiro Kawachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion ◽  
Waking Up

Although low neighborhood social cohesion (nSC) has been linked with poor sleep, studies of racially/ethnically diverse participants using multiple sleep dimensions remain sparse. Using National Health Interview Survey data, we examined overall, age, sex/gender, and racial/ethnic-specific associations between nSC and sleep health among 167,153 adults. Self-reported nSC was categorized into low, medium, and high. Very short sleep duration was defined as <6 hours; short as <7 h, recommended as 7–9 h, and long as ≥9 h. Sleep disturbances were assessed based on trouble falling and staying asleep, waking up feeling unrested, and using sleep medication (all ≥3 days/times in the previous week). Adjusting for sociodemographics and other confounders, we used Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sleep dimensions by low and medium vs. high nSC. The mean age of the sample was 47 ± 0.1 years, 52% of those included were women, and 69% were Non-Hispanic (NH)-White. Low vs. high nSC was associated with a higher prevalence of very short sleep (PR = 1.29; (95% CI = 1.23–1.36)). After adjustment, low vs. high nSC was associated with very short sleep duration among NH-White (PR = 1.34 (95% CI = 1.26–1.43)) and NH-Black (PR = 1.14 (95% CI = 1.02–1.28)) adults. Low nSC was associated with shorter sleep duration and sleep disturbances.

scholarly journals Interventions to improve inpatients' sleep quality in intensive care units and acute wards: a literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (13) ◽  
pp. 770-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Aparício ◽  
Francesca Panin
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Behavioural Changes ◽  
Lack Of Sleep

Background: Sleep is essential for the physical and psychological restoration of inpatients, and lack of sleep results in sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality, with potentially harmful consequences. Aim: To summarise sleep-promoting interventions in the Intensive care unit (ICU) and acute ward setting. Method and results: Six databases were searched to obtain studies for review and eight studies were selected, appraised, analysed and produced two themes: sleep-disturbing factors and sleep-promoting strategies. Sleep-disturbing factors included environmental factors (such as light and noise), illness-related factors (such as pain, anxiety and discomfort), clinical care and diagnostics. Sleep-promoting strategies included using pharmacological aids (medication) and non-pharmacological aids (reducing noise and disturbances, eye masks, earplugs and educational and behavioural changes). Conclusion: The literature review showed that both ICU and acute ward settings affect patients' sleep and both use similar strategies to improve this. Nevertheless, noise and sleep disturbances remain the most critical sleep-inhibiting factors in both settings. The review recommended future research should focus on behavioural changes among health professionals to reduce noise and improve patients' sleep.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF STEAMED TOFU ON SLEEP QUALITY IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Munarifah Sulis Widyatiningsih ◽  
Sri Winarsih ◽  
Christin Hiyana Tungga Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Night Sweats ◽  
Good Sleep

Background: Premenopausal syndrome in the form of hot flushes, night sweats, it can cause sleep disturbances that will affect the quality of the mother's sleep so that the mother wakes up from her sleep. Thus, natural intervention is needed in the form of isoflavone treatment by consuming processed soybeans, namely steamed tofu. The purpose of this study is knowing the effect of giving steamed tofu preparations on sleep quality in premenopausal women in Ngabean Village, Secang District, Magelang RegencyMethods: This type of research is a pre-experimental designs research with One Group Pretest Posttest research design. The measuring instrument used is the PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) questionnaire. The sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling.Results: There is a significant effect of the provision of processed steamed tofu on the sleep quality of premenopausal women aged 45-50 years. This is evidenced by the results of the Wilcoxon test with p value 0.05..Conclusion: The sleep quality of premenopausal women aged 45-50 years before consuming processed steamed tofu was found in the majority in the category of poor sleep quality, which was 93.48% and after consuming processed steamed tofu was found in the majority in the category of good sleep quality, 84.78%. There is a significant effect of the provision of processed steamed tofu on the sleep quality of premenopausal women aged 45-50 years. Suggestion for premenopausal women to consuming variations of processed steamed tofu (2x a day, with a dose of @ 100 grams or medium pieces) as a source of isoflavones in improving the quality of sleep for premenopausal and postmenopausal women who experience sleep deprivation/sleep disorders in the premenopausal period so that they can undergo pre-age with totality by consuming it regularly 

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