Aphelenchoides besseyi Parasitizing Common Bean in Brazil

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciany Favoreto ◽  
Mauricio Conrado Meyer ◽  
Angélica Calandrelli ◽  
Michele Corpolato Maia Silva ◽  
Santino Aleandro Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
First Report ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Shoot System ◽  
Aphelenchoides Besseyi ◽  
Common Bean Plants ◽  
Foliar Retention

Aphelenchoides besseyi is the causal agent of soybean green stem and foliar retention syndrome known as Soja Louca II. This nematode has recently been reported parasitizing cotton in Brazil. In Costa Rica, it causes the symptoms known as “amachamiento” and false angular spots in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Due to the great importance of beans to Brazilian agriculture, the objective of this research was to study the pathogenicity of A. besseyi in common bean under greenhouse conditions, including its endoparasitic relationships by staining root and shoot system tissues with fuchsin acid. In addition, A. besseyi was collected and quantified from shoot systems 30 days after inoculation by washing the tissue in water and blender centrifugal-flotation. We observed the symptoms of “amachamiento”, leaf and vein deformation in the expanded trifoliate leaves, and also leaves with necrotic, brown to reddish and angular lesions, characteristics from false angular spot, and deformed stems characterized by enlargement of nodes, retortions and necrotic lesions. High numbers of nematodes were found inside common bean plants. This is the first report of the pathogenicity and symptoms caused by A. besseyi in common bean in Brazil. These findings are important for development of management strategies to avoid losses on bean cropped in infested areas.

scholarly journals Alleviation of adverse effects of drought stress on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa Mohamed Abass ◽  
Heba Ibrahim Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Compatible Solutes ◽  
Seed Pretreatment ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Common Bean Plants

Effects of seed pretreatment by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on drought tolerance in common bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were studied. Drought stress caused highly significant decrease in growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, total carbohydrates and phytohormones. An increase drought stress caused highly significant increase in compatible solutes and polyamine contents as antioxidants and ABA contents in shoots of common bean plants. H2O2-pretreatment of seeds enhanced all the above parameters than the waterpretreated seeds (control) under drought condition. Results suggested that H2O2, a stress signal could trigger the activation of antioxidants in seeds which persists in the plants to alleviate the oxidative damage leading to improvements in physiological attributes for the plants growth under drought. Key words: Drought; Phaseolus vulgaris; Common bean; Advanced effect; Hydrogen peroxide DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v40i1.8001 Bangladesh J. Bot. 40(1): 75-83, 2011 (June)

scholarly journals Growth and production of common bean fertilized with biochar

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isley Cristiellem Bicalho da Silva ◽  
Luiz Arnaldo Fernandes ◽  
Fernando Colen ◽  
Regynaldo Arruda Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Mass Number ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Filtration Material ◽  
Sorghum Silage ◽  
Common Bean Plants

ABSTRACT: Production of biochar from organic wastes promises to be an interesting source of plant nutrients, thus reducing pressure on natural resources. To assess the effect of biochar prepared from wastes filtration materials on the growth and production of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), three simultaneous greenhouse experiments were conducted with three different biochar from organic wastes (rice husk, sawdust, and sorghum silage) using as filtration material for swine biofertilizer. In each experiment the treatments consisted of the addition of five different biochar concentrations (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% v/v), arranged in a completely random design, with four repetitions. Application of biochar increased the root dry mass, shoot dry mass, grain dry mass, number of pods and number of grains. These results indicated that biochar contributed significantly to the growth and production of common bean plants.

scholarly journals Physiological and morphological characteristics of Phaseolus vulgaris L. grown in soil with picloram residues

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Henrique Rosa Franco ◽  
Vinícius Teixeira Lemos ◽  
André Cabral França ◽  
Nykolas Carvalho Schiavon ◽  
Marco Túlio Gomes Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Biological Indicator ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Relative Electron ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Common Bean Plants

ABSTRACT The long lasting residual effect of some auxin herbicides depends on soil characteristics and may cause phytotoxicity on subsequent crops. Picloram is one of the main herbicides used in pastures, presenting a long lasting residual effect in the soil. This study aimed at determining the physiological and morphological characteristics of common bean plants grown in soil contaminated with picloram, under greenhouse conditions. A complete randomized blocks design, with treatments consisting of picloram doses (0 g ha-1, 7.5 g ha-1, 15 g ha-1, 30 g ha-1, 60 g ha-1 and 120 g ha-1 a.i.), with five replications, was used. Urochloa brizantha was sown in pots, and its height and shoot fresh and dry matter were evaluated. In the same pots, Phaseolus vulgaris was sown as a bio-indicator of picloram, and the following characteristics were measured: plant height, fresh and dry matter, phytotoxicity, leaf area, number of leaves per plant, maximum photosynthetic efficiency and relative electron transport rate. The phytoremediation process occurs in soil with picloram residues (up to 30 g ha-1) when covered by U. brizantha for 150 days. The common bean plants show a good potential as biological indicator of the presence of picloram residues in the soil.

scholarly journals Comparison of Violet, Red, and Green Light on Early-Stage Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Aaron Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
P Values ◽  
Violet Light ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Common Bean Plants

The energy efficiency of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) makes them attractive for indoor plant lighting. LEDs, however, do not produce broad-spectrum light efficiently. The effects of LED lighting on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) growth are not well known. This study sought to find the colors of light that most effectively grow common bean plants under indoor conditions. The hypothesis was that red light would promote early common bean growth better, both qualitatively and quantitatively, than violet or green light. After planting the seeds in soil, 20 common bean plants were each grown under red, or green, or violet LED lights (PHILIPS®) (8 watt), or natural sunlight, for 16 days: a total of 80 plants. Bonferroni adjusted t-tests showed that the plants under the violet light grew significantly taller than the plants under red or green light with p-values 0.000 respectively; the plants under red or green light had significantly larger leaves than those under the violet light with p-values 0.000. Qualitative observations (based upon visual inspections of leaf health, maturity, and root development) revealed the plants under red light were the healthiest, most mature, and exhibited the most developed roots—followed by those under green light. The findings of this study suggested early common bean growth performed better under red light than under violet or green light.

scholarly journals LABORATORY EVALUATION OF BIO INSECTICIDES EFFICACY AGAINST LEAF MINER LIRIOMYZA TRIFOLII(BURGESS) ON COMMON BEAN PLANTS, PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047-1054
Author(s):  
HAFEZ I. H. OMAR ◽  
MOSTAFA A. ABBASSY ◽  
MAHA A. M. TANTAWY ◽  
WALAA A. A. YONES
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Liriomyza Trifolii ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Common Bean Plants

Impacts of Rhizobium Strain Ar02 on the Nodulation, Growth, Nitrogen (N2) Fixation Rate and ion Accumulation in Phaseolus vulgaris L. under Salt Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saoussen Kouki ◽  
Boulbaba L’taief ◽  
Rahamh N. Al-Qthanin ◽  
Bouaziz Sifi
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Fixation Rate ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Nodule Biomass ◽  
The Common ◽  
Saline Solutions ◽  
Common Bean Plants

Background: Phaseolus vulgaris L. -rhizobia symbiosis has effectively enhanced common bean productivity via multiple biological mechanisms. This study aims to assess the impacts of the strain of Rhizobium on the nodulation, growth, nitrogen (N2) fixation rate and ion accumulation within Phaseolus vulgaris L. under salt stress. Methods: The Coco Blanc cultivar of the common bean was inoculated with the Ar02 rhizobia strain at 15 days after germination. Bean plants were inoculated in perlite culture to which salt was added in concentrations of 0, 25, 50 and 75 mmol L-1 NaCl. Result: Inoculation with the Ar02 rhizobia strain led to infective and effective symbiosis with the common bean plants exposed to saline solutions and non-saline solutions, respectively. Nodule biomass and nitrogen content declined under salt stress but maintained a higher number of nodules and nodule biomass at 75 mM NaCl. Plant root and shoot length increased with higher biomass under saline conditions, significantly more than the non-inoculated plant without salt. However, the progressive addition of NaCl reduced the growth of the root and shoot and the biomass within the inoculated plant. Salinity led to increased Na+ within the plant’s shoot, along with a reduction in Ca+2 and K+ concentrations. The shoot’s Ca+2, Na+ and K+ content were higher in the inoculated plant than the non-inoculated. The salt tolerance in common bean plants inoculated with Ar02 rhizobia was linked with the plant’s capability to sustain nodulation and enhance Na+ concentration in the shoot. Furthermore, salt tolerance within the same variety inoculated with Rhizobium was linked to a decline in the Ca+ and K+ concentrations in the shoot region of salt-exposed plants.

Indigenous rhizobial strains SEMIA 4108 and SEMIA 4107 for common bean inoculation: A biotechnological tool for cleaner and more sustainable agriculture

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Bruno Britto Lisboa ◽  
Thomas Müller Schmidt ◽  
Arthur Henrique Ely Thomé ◽  
Raul Antonio Sperotto ◽  
Camila Gazolla Volpiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽  
Productivity Losses ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Common Bean Plants

Summary Inoculation of symbiotic N2-fixing rhizobacteria (rhizobia) in legumes is an alternative to reduce synthetic N fertiliser input to crops. Even though common bean benefits from the biological N2 fixation carried out by native rhizobia isolates, the low efficiency of this process highlights the importance of screening new strains for plant inoculation. Two rhizobial strains (SEMIA 4108 and SEMIA 4107) previously showed great potential to improve the growth of common beans under greenhouse conditions. Thus, this study evaluated the growth and grain yield of common bean plants inoculated with those strains in field experiments. The rhizobial identification was performed by 16S rRNA sequencing and the phylogeny showed that SEMIA 4108 and SEMIA 4107 are closely related to Rhizobium phaseoli, within a clade containing other 18 Rhizobium spp. type strains. Common bean plants inoculated with SEMIA 4107 showed similar productivity to N-fertilised (N+) plants in the first experiment (2016/17) and higher productivity in the second experiment (2018/19). The development of inoculated plants was different from that observed for N+. Nonetheless, comparing inoculated treatments with N-fertilised control, no yield or productivity losses at the end of the growing process were detected. Our results showed that inoculation of the rhizobial isolates SEMIA 4108 and SEMIA 4107 improved the growth and grain yield of common bean plants. The observed agronomical performance confirms that both strains were effective and can sustain common bean growth without nitrogen fertilisation under the edaphoclimatic conditions of this study.

Aphelenchoides besseyi parasitizing cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in Brazil

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciany Favoreto ◽  
Rafaela Bueno ◽  
Angélica Calandrelli ◽  
Patrícia Priscila França ◽  
Mauricio Conrado Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Host Reaction ◽  
First Report ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
The World ◽  
Cotton Plants ◽  
Aphelenchoides Besseyi ◽  
Leaf Deformation

Several species of nematodes are known to cause losses to cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) throughout the world. In Brazil, Aphelenchoides besseyi was recently described causing damages on soybean, cotton, and common bean, but no report was found about the parasitism of this nematode in cowpea. The present study aimed to verify the host reaction of cowpea cultivars to A. besseyi. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions, using as inoculum two A. besseyi populations, obtained from symptomatic soybean and cotton plants collected in naturally infested fields. Cultivars ‘Imponente’, ‘Aracê’, ‘Guariba’, ‘Tumucumaque’, ‘Nova Era’, and ‘Tracuateua’ were inoculated with 500 A. besseyi of each population, separately, into soil and after 30 days from the inoculation nematodes were extracted from shoot systems. Both populations were able to parasitize all the cowpea cultivars. Independently of the cultivar, cowpea plants exhibited symptoms of leaf deformation similar to those described for soybean, cotton, and common bean and, in addition, severe brooming was observed and the interior of the stems was porous and necrotic. To our knowledge, this is the first report of parasitism by A. besseyi of cowpea in Brazil, under greenhouse conditions, increasing the list of hosts of this nematode.

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