scholarly journals Biological Control of Take-All by Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. from Chinese Wheat Fields

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 1481-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Ming Yang ◽  
Dmitri V. Mavrodi ◽  
Olga V. Mavrodi ◽  
Robert F. Bonsall ◽  
James A. Parejko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonas ◽  
Take All

Take-all disease of wheat caused by the soilborne fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is one of the most important root diseases of wheat worldwide. Bacteria were isolated from winter wheat from irrigated and rainfed fields in Hebei and Jiangsu provinces in China, respectively. Samples from rhizosphere soil, roots, stems, and leaves were plated onto King's medium B agar and 553 isolates were selected. On the basis of in vitro tests, 105 isolates (19% of the total) inhibited G. graminis var. tritici and all were identified as Pseudomonas spp. by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis. Based on biocontrol assays, 13 strains were selected for further analysis. All of them aggressively colonized the rhizosphere of wheat and suppressed take-all. Of the 13 strains, 3 (HC9-07, HC13-07, and JC14-07, all stem endophytes) had genes for the biosynthesis of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) but none had genes for the production of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin, or pyrrolnitrin. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of 2-day-old cultures confirmed that HC9-07, HC13-07, and JC14-07 produced PCA but no other phenazines were detected. HPLC quantitative time-of-flight 2 mass-spectrometry analysis of extracts from roots of spring wheat colonized by HC9-07, HC13-07, or Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-79 demonstrated that all three strains produced PCA in the rhizosphere. Loss of PCA production by strain HC9-07 resulted in a loss of biocontrol activity. Analysis of DNA sequences within the key phenazine biosynthesis gene phzF and of 16S rDNA indicated that strains HC9-07, HC13-07, and JC14-07 were similar to the well-described PCA producer P. fluorescens 2-79. This is the first report of 2-79-like bacteria being isolated from Asia.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of phlD from 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol-Producing Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp.

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Mavrodi ◽  
Brian B. McSpadden Gardener ◽  
Dmitri V. Mavrodi ◽  
Robert F. Bonsall ◽  
David M. Weller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Essential Gene ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonas

Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. that produce 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG) have biocontrol activity against damping-off, root rot, and wilt diseases caused by soilborne fungal pathogens, and play a key role in the natural suppression of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, known as take-all decline. Diversity within phlD, an essential gene in the biosynthesis of 2,4-DAPG, was studied by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of 123 2,4-DAPG-producing isolates from six states in the United States and six other locations worldwide. Clusters defined by RFLP analysis of phlD correlated closely with clusters defined previously by BOX-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genomic fingerprinting, indicating the usefulness of phlD as a marker of genetic diversity and population structure among 2,4-DAPG producers. Genotypes defined by RFLP analysis of phlD were conserved among isolates from the same site and cropping history. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analyses of genomic DNA revealed a higher degree of polymorphism than RFLP and BOX-PCR analyses. Genotypic diversity in a subset of 30 strains representing all the phlD RFLP groups did not correlate with production in vitro of monoacetylphloroglucinol, 2,4-DAPG, or total phloroglucinol compounds. Twenty-seven of the 30 representative strains lacked pyrrolnitrin and pyoluteorin biosynthetic genes as determined by the use of specific primers and probes.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF FLUORIDATED HYDROXYAPATITE (FHA) SOL-GEL COATINGS ON TITANIUM SUBSTRATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5B) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Ngo Thi Anh Tuyet
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Titanium Substrate ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Impedance Spectrum ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

In this paper, FHA coatings [FHA, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2-x Fx] (wherein 0 ≤ x ≤ 2) were deposited on titanium substrate by sol-gel method with heat treatment at 900 oC for 4 hours. Different concentrations of F- were incorporated into the apatite structure during the sols preparation. The FHA sols were prepared using various amounts of ammonium fluoride [NH4F] with the [P]/[F] molar ratios of 12, 6, 4, 3 in order to have the corresponding compositions of Ca10(PO4)6(F0.5 OH1.5), Ca10(PO4)6 FOH, Ca10(PO4)6(F1.5 OH0.5) and Ca10(PO4)6F2, respectively. The fabricated FHA coatings were assessed by various methods, namely: morphological structure and chemical composition of coatings were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The anti-corrosion properties of samples were evaluated by Potentiodynamic polarization curves and Nyquist impedance spectrum. The biocompatibility of FHA coatings on titanium substrates were evaluated by in-vitro tests in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution during 21 days, and ICPMS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) analysis method has been used. The results showed that with dense structure, FHA coatings expressed higher anti-corrosion and biocompatibility performance as compared with that of HA coating.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals of Minthostachys diffusa Epling and Their Health-Promoting Bioactivities

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Immacolata Faraone ◽  
Daniela Russo ◽  
Lucia Chiummiento ◽  
Eloy Fernandez ◽  
Alka Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Silico Docking ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Health Promoting

The genus Minthostachys belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and is an important South American mint genus used commonly in folk medicine as an aroma in cooking. The phytochemical-rich samples of the aerial parts of Minthostachys diffusa Epling. were tested for pharmacological and health-promoting bioactivities using in vitro chemical and enzymatic assays. A range of radical scavenging activities of the samples against biological radicals such as nitric oxide and superoxide anion and against synthetic 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and the lipid peroxidation inhibition were determined and ranked using the ‘relative antioxidant capacity index’ (RACI). The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest RACI of +1.12. Analysis of the various fractions’ inhibitory ability against enzymes involved in diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and against enzymes associated with Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s diseases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) also suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction showed more than 30 polyphenolic compounds, including triterpenes. The inhibitory cholinesterase effects of the triterpenes identified from M. diffusa were further analysed by in silico docking of these compounds into 3D-structures of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. This is the first study on pharmacological activities and phytochemical profiling of the aerial parts of M. diffusa, showing that this plant, normally used as food in South America, is also rich in health-promoting phytochemicals.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Antioxidative Effects of Helichrysum italicum and Helichrysum arenarium Infusions

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Katja Kramberger ◽  
Zala Jenko Pražnikar ◽  
Alenka Baruca Arbeiter ◽  
Ana Petelin ◽  
Dunja Bandelj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Stress Related Genes

Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (abbrev. as HA) has a long tradition in European ethnomedicine and its inflorescences are approved as a herbal medicinal product. In the Mediterranean part of Europe, Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (abbrev. as HI) is more common. Since infusions from both plants are traditionally used, we aimed to compare their antioxidative potential using in vitro assays. Two morphologically distinct HI plants, HIa and HIb, were compared to a commercially available HA product. Genetic analysis using microsatellites confirmed a clear differentiation between HI and HA and suggested that HIb was a hybrid resulting from spontaneous hybridization from unknown HI subspecies. High-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed the highest amounts of hydroxycinnamic acids and total arzanol derivatives in HIa, whereas HIb was richest in monohydroxybenzoic acids, caffeic acids, and coumarins, and HA contained the highest amounts of flavonoids, especially flavanones. HIa exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity; it was more efficient in protecting different cell lines from induced oxidative stress and in inducing oxidative stress-related genes superoxide dismutase 1, catalase, and glutathione reductase 1. The antioxidative potential of HI was not only dependent on the morphological type of the plant but also on the harvest date, revealing important information for obtaining the best possible product. Considering the superior properties of HI compared to HA, the evaluation of HI as a medicinal plant could be recommended.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Essential Oils on Selected Weeds: Potential Hazard on Food Crops

Plants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ibáñez ◽  
María Blázquez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

The chemical composition of winter savory, peppermint, and anise essential oils, and in vitro and in vivo phytotoxic activity against weeds (Portulaca oleracea, Lolium multiflorum, and Echinochloa crus-galli) and food crops (maize, rice, and tomato), have been studied. Sixty-four compounds accounting for between 97.67–99.66% of the total essential oils were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis. Winter savory with carvacrol (43.34%) and thymol (23.20%) as the main compounds produced a total inhibitory effect against the seed germination of tested weed. Menthol (48.23%), menthone (23.33%), and iso-menthone (16.33%) from peppermint only showed total seed germination inhibition on L. multiflorum, whereas no significant effects were observed with trans-anethole (99.46%) from anise at all concentrations (0.125–1 µL/mL). Low doses of peppermint essential oil could be used as a sustainable alternative to synthetic agrochemicals to control L. multiflorum. The results corroborate that in vivo assays with a commercial emulsifiable concentrate need higher doses of the essential oils to reproduce previous in vitro trials. The higher in vivo phytotoxicity of winter savory essential oil constitutes an eco-friendly and less pernicious alternative to weed control. It is possible to achieve a greater in vivo phytotoxicity if less active essential oil like peppermint is included with other active excipients.

scholarly journals Data on peptides identified by mass spectrometry analysis of in vitro DYRK1A-mediated phosphorylation sites on GLI1

Data in Brief ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 577-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben K. Ehe ◽  
David R. Lamson ◽  
Michael Tarpley ◽  
Rob U. Onyenwoke ◽  
Lee M. Graves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Phosphorylation Sites ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

scholarly journals Deubiquitination and Stabilization of PD-L1 by USP21

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuying Yang ◽  
Youqian Wu ◽  
Huanhuan Yan ◽  
Bing Shan ◽  
Dongheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Polyubiquitin Chains ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Programmed Death Protein 1 ◽  
Novel Strategy

Abstract Background: The immunotherapy for different types of cancers that targeting programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) has highlighted the importance of suppressing specific T cell responses. Recently, several studies have shown that the expression level of PD-L1 in tumor cells is positively correlated with tumor metastasis as well as recurrence rate. The potent effects of post-translational modifications (PTMs) for PD-L1, such as ubiquitination, glycosylation, phosphorylation and palmitoylation, have been reported to be related to immunosuppression. However, the regulation of PD-L1 degradation in cancers is still not well understood. In this paper, we mainly investigate the deubiquitination regulation of PD-L1. Methods: The protein levels of PD-L1 and USP21 were detected by Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. The interaction between PD-L1 and USP21 was determined by co-immunoprecipitation. The deubiquitination of PD-L1 was determined by in vitro deubiquitination assay. The deubiquitination sites of PD-L1 were identified by mass spectrometry analysis. The expression of mRNA in target tissues was presented by bioinformatics analysis.Results: Overexpression of USP21 significantly increased PD-L1 abundance and knockdown of USP21 induced degradation of PD-L1. In vitro deubiquitination assay showed that USP21-WT reduced polyubiquitin chains from PD-L1 while USP21-C221A did not. Furthermore, five lysines in intracellular segment of PD-L1 are potential deubiquitin sites and cancer-derived mutations of PD-L1 in Asp276 have the ability to enhance the deubiquitination of PD-L1 mediated by USP21. Finally, we found that USP21 is the frequently amplified deubiquitinase in lung cancer, especially in lung squamous cell carcinoma, and its amplification co-occurs with the upregulation of PD-L1 levels. Moreover, IHC analysis showed stronger staining of PD-L1 and USP21 in lung cancer samples than adjacent tissues. Conclusion: We identified USP21 as a novel deubiquitinase of PD-L1. Hopefully, targeting PD-L1 by inhibiting USP21 might be a potentially novel strategy for the treatment of lung cancer.

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