Effect of Cold Water Extract from Luffa cylindrical on Intracellular Triglyceride and Free Glycerol Release Level in Lipolysis of Differentiated 3T3‐L1 Adipocytes

The bonding of wood with assembly adhesives is crucial for manufacturing wood composites, such as solid wood panels, glulam, furniture parts, and sport and musical instruments. This work investigates 13 hardwoods—bangkirai, beech, black locust, bubinga, ipé, iroko, maçaranduba, meranti, oak, palisander, sapelli, wengé and zebrano—and analyzes the impact of their selected structural and physical characteristics (e.g., the density, cold water extract, pH value, roughness, and wettability) on the adhesion strength with the polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive Multibond SK8. The adhesion strength of the bonded hardwoods, determined by the standard EN 205, ranged in the dry state from 9.5 MPa to 17.2 MPa, from 0.6 MPa to 2.6 MPa in the wet state, and from 8.5 MPa to 19.2 MPa in the reconditioned state. The adhesion strength in the dry state of the bonded hardwoods was not influenced by their cold water extracts, pH values, or roughness parallel with the grain. On the contrary, the adhesion strength was significantly with positive tendency influenced by their higher densities, lower roughness parameters perpendicular to the grain, and lower water contact angles.

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Antibacterial activity of ginger extracts and its essential oil on some of pathogenic bacteria

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.7.3.1159-1165 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 1159-1165

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Cold Water ◽

Water Extract ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Hot Water ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Resistant Bacteria

The antimicrobial activity of ginger extracts ( cold-water, hot-water, ethanolic and essential oil ) against some of pathogenic bacteria ( Escherichia coli , Salmonella sp , Klebsiella sp , Serratia marcescens, Vibrio cholerae , Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus sp) was investigated using Disc diffusion method , and the results were compared with the antimicrobial activity of 12 antibiotics on the same bacteria . The results showed that the ginger extracts were more effective on gram-positive bacteria than gram-negative . V. cholerae and S. marcescens,were the most resistant bacteria to the extracts used , while highest inhibition was noticed against Streptococcus sp (28 mm) . The ethanolic extract showed the broadest antibacterial activity ( 11 to 28 mm ) , in comparison with moderate activity of essential oil , it was observed that the cold-water extract was more effective on the bacteria than hot-water extract . Ginger ethanolic extract presented higher diameter of inhibition zone for Streptococcus sp than in Ciprofloxacin , Cefotaxime , Cefalotin , Cephalexin and Cephaloridine , also it was found a similarity between the higher inhibition zones of ethanolic extract of ginger and some antibiotics for S. aureus , E. coli , Salmonella sp and Klebsiella sp . V. cholerae and S. marcescens,also highly resistant to antibiotics . Phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract of ginger revealed the present of glycosides, terpenoids, flavonids and phenolic compounds

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Ecology, Phylogeny, and Potential Nutritional and Medicinal Value of a Rare White “Maitake” Collected in a Mediterranean Forest

Diversity ◽

10.3390/d12060230 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 230 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Letizia Gargano ◽

Georgios I. Zervakis ◽

Omoanghe S. Isikhuemhen ◽

Giuseppe Venturella ◽

Roberta Calvo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Water ◽

Water Extract ◽

Its Region ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Investigation ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Living Tree

Albino Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) Gray “maitake” mushrooms (described as G. albicans Imazeki and then placed in synonymy with G. frondosa) are particularly rare, and the few pertinent records are not treated in scientific publications. A field investigation carried out in Sicily (Italy) led to the collection of an unusual white Grifola specimen at the base of a living tree of Quercus pubescens Willd. s.l. The outcome of sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) indicated that it belongs to G. frondosa and provided an insight to the phylogenetic relationships within the genus. The results of nutritional composition analysis showed that the albino basidioma possesses relatively high contents of Ca, Fe, K, and Cu and is rather low in Na when compared with literature data on edible mushrooms. Vitamin (B1, B2, B3, B5, B9, and D2) contents ranged from 0.15 to 3.89 mg per 100 g of mushroom dry weight. The cold-water extract of this specimen was effective at inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 at the maximum screening concentration of 50% v/v. In addition, the extract slowed down the ability of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 to form biofilms. According to data hereby reported, the albino G. frondosa is a culinary-medicinal mushroom with a promising exploitation potential.

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Artemisia iwayomogiplusCurcuma longaSynergistically Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in HepG2 Cells

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/4390636 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hyeong-Geug Kim ◽

Sung-Bae Lee ◽

Jin-Seok Lee ◽

Won-Young Kim ◽

Seung-Hoon Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Er Stress ◽

Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽

Hepg2 Cells ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Water Extract ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Liver Disorders ◽

Artemisia Iwayomogi ◽

Clinical Potential ◽

Intracellular Triglyceride

The combination ofArtemisia iwayomogiandCurcuma longaradix is frequently prescribed for liver diseases in TKM. However, the synergic effects of the two herbs on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have not yet been studied. Therefore, we investigated the anti-NASH effects of the water extract ofA. iwayomogi(AI),C. longaradix (CL), and combination of the two herbs (ACE). Hepatic steatosis and NASH were induced in HepG2 cells by treatment with palmitic acid (PA, for 6 h) with/without pretreatment of ACE (25 or 50 μg/mL), AI (50 or 100 μg/mL), CL (50 or 100 μg/mL), curcumin (5 μg/mL), or scopoletin (5 μg/mL). The PA treatment (200 μM) drastically altered intracellular triglyceride levels, total cholesterol, and expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism (CD36, SREBP1c, PPAR-γ, and PPAR-α), whereas pretreatment with ACE significantly attenuated these alterations. ACE also protected HepG2 cells from PA- (300 μM-) induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis and attenuated the related key molecules including GRP78, eIF2, and CHOP, respectively. In conclusion, we found synergic effects ofA. iwayomogiandC. longaon NASH, supporting the clinical potential for fatty liver disorders. In addition, modulation of ER stress-relative molecules would be involved in its underlying mechanism.

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Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects of Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Identification of Bioactive Proteins Using Shotgun Proteomic Analysis

Food Technology and Biotechnology ◽

10.17113/ftb.59.02.21.7151 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Boon-Hong Kong ◽

Chee-Sum Alvin Yap ◽

Muhammad Fazril Mohamad Razif ◽

Szu-Ting Ng ◽

Chon-Seng Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Water ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

A549 Cells ◽

Water Extract ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Ophiocordyceps Sinensis ◽

Medicinal Fungus ◽

Bioactive Proteins

Research background. Ophiocordyceps sinensis, a highly valued medicinal fungus is close to extinction due to overexploitation. Successful cultivation of O. sinensis fruiting body (OCS02®) shows the cultivar consists promising nutritional value and numerous bioactive compounds. Antioxidant and antiproliferative properties and biologically active proteins of the OCS02® are investigated for possible development into nutraceuticals. Experimental approach. The chemical compositions of the OCS02® cold water extract was determined, and the antioxidant activities were examined using ferric reducing, DPPH and O2- scavenging assays. MTT cytotoxic assay was performed to assess the antiproliferative activity of the extract. Bioactive proteins in the active fraction of the extract were identified using liquid chromatography (LC) and tandem-mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Results and conclusions. The OCS02® extract exhibited strong O2- scavenger ((18.40±1.12) mol TE/g extract) and potent cytotoxicity towards A549 cells (IC50=(58.17±6.79) µg/mL). High molecular mass polysaccharides, proteins and protein-polysaccharide complexes could have contributed to the antioxidant and cytotoxic selectivity of the OCS02®. LC-MS/MS analysis identified several potential cytotoxic proteases and an oxalate decarboxylase oxdC protein which may exhibit protection effects on kidneys. Novelty and scientific contributions. The findings reported the promising superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity, cytotoxic effect and presence of bio-pharmaceutical active proteins in of OCS02® extract, thus demonstrates the potential of OCS02® to be developed into functional food.

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Antimicrobial potential of different solvent extracts of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers.

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v48i4.49032 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 943-949

Author(s):

Wajid Khan ◽

Zainab Bibi ◽

Muhammad Nazir Uddin ◽

Huma Gul ◽

Hayat Khan

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Alternaria Alternata ◽

Cold Water ◽

Water Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Bacillus Atrophaeus ◽

Fungal Strains ◽

Morchella Esculenta ◽

Trichoderma Citrinoviride

The antimicrobial activity of different extracts (methanolic, ethyl acetate, hot and cold water extracts) of Morchella esculenta against bacterial strains including Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacillus atrophaeus, Bacillus subtilis, Citrobactor freundii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Staphyllococcus aureus, Staphyllococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Xanthomonas oryzae and some fungal strains such as Trychophyton rubrum, Rhizopus stolonifer, Trichoderma citrinoviride, Aspergillus fumigatus and Alternaria alternata was evaluated. Disc diffusion assay was used for antibacterial activity and well diffusion method was applied for measuring the antifungal activities of different extracts. Hot water extract was found more effective against bacterial strains and produced maximum zone of inhibition of 90% against Bacillus atrophaeus at 3 mg/disc, while cold water extract showed strong activity against the majority of selected fungal strains; Trichophyton rubrum, Trichoderma citrinoviride and Alternaria alternata. Ethyl acetate extract of M. esculenta revealed least antimicrobial activities against the tested microbes.

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Relationship between suint and the sweat glands

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9630340 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 340 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

BD Stacy ◽

AH Brook ◽

BF Short

Keyword(s):

Cold Water ◽

Water Extract ◽

Sweat Glands ◽

Different Types ◽

High Concentrations

In the fleece of sheep with different types of skin, suint (cold water extract of the greasy fleece) was shown to be associated with the presence and size of the sweat glands. In the absence of sweat glands, suint was produced in substantially less than normal quantities, whereas the amount was much greater where the sweat glands were large.Similarly, the amount of potassium in suint, in skin, and in fluid from dermal cysts was much larger in the presence of sweat glands. The conclusion that suint is therefore largely produced by sweat glands was substantiated by the detection of high concentrations of potassium in sheep sweat.

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Assessment of Cosmeceutical Potentials of Selected Mushroom Fruitbody Extracts Through Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Hyaluronidase and Anti-Tyrosinase Activity

J ◽

10.3390/j3030026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 329-342

Author(s):

Dang Lelamurni Abd Razak ◽

Anisah Jamaluddin ◽

Nur Yuhasliza Abd Rashid ◽

Nor Ajila Sani ◽

Musaalbakri Abdul Manan

Keyword(s):

Cold Water ◽

Schizophyllum Commune ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Water Extract ◽

Antioxidant Property ◽

Tyrosinase Activity ◽

Hot Water ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Hyaluronidase Activity ◽

Hot Water Extract

Cosmeceutical formulations containing naturally derived active ingredients are currently preferred by consumers worldwide. Mushrooms are one of the potential sources for cosmeceutical ingredients but relevant research is still lacking. In this study, hot- and cold-water extractions were performed on four locally-cultivated mushrooms—Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum, Auricularia polytricha and Schizophyllum commune—with the aim to assess the cosmeceutical potential of these mushroom fruitbody extracts. Total phenolics, polysaccharide and glucan content were determined. Antioxidant property of the mushroom extracts was assessed by determining the DPPH radical scavenging, ferric-reducing (FRAP) and superoxide anion (SOA) scavenging activity. Anti-hyaluronidase activity was used as an indicator for the anti-aging and anti-inflammatory property, while anti-tyrosinase activity was evaluated to assess the anti-pigmentation or whitening property of these extracts. Our results showed that total polysaccharide content of P. ostreatus extracts was the highest (235.8–253.6 mg GE/g extract), while extracts from G. lucidum contained the lowest glucan (10.12–10.67%). Cold-water extract from S. commune exhibited substantial tyrosinase inhibition activity (98.15%) and SOA scavenging activity (94.82%). The greatest hyaluronidase activity was exhibited by G. lucidum hot-water extract, with the value of 72.78%. The findings from the correlation analyses suggest that the cosmeceutical properties of these mushrooms can be attributed mainly to the combination of different types of compound such as polysaccharides and phenolics. Overall, cold-water extract of S. commune and hot-water extract of G. lucidum showed the best results and may be further investigated.

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