EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON LOCAL TREATMENT OF PSEUDOMONAS-INFECTED BURN WOUNDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 558-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
HEINZ E. KOEHNLEIN ◽  
GOTTFRIED LEMPERLE
Keyword(s):  
Local Treatment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Burn Wounds

scholarly journals AN ANAEROBIC-AEROBIC BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER AT THE LOW-PRODUCTIVITY PLANT

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
L.A. Fesik ◽  
◽  
N.V. Sorokina ◽  
E.А. Geraskina ◽  
T.S. Airapetian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Trophic Chain ◽  
Biological Purification ◽  
The Law

Abstract. The urgency of the problem of local biological treatment of domestic wastewater from housing in non-canalized areas with improving the quality of treated wastewater to the level of requirements for discharge into fishery bodies of water is considered. The analysis of the state of local wastewater treatment is given. Existing technological schemes and methods of local sewage, which are used for sewage treatment, are considered. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of a complex of a local anaerobic-aerobic biological treatment of domestic wastewater from housing in non-canalized areas at the low-productivity plants are presented. The results of theoretical and experimental researches of complex of local anaerobic-aerobic biological purification of domestic wastewater of habitation in non-canalized areas at the low-productivity plants are given. On the basis of the analysis of work and embodiment of low-productivity plants, used in home and foreign practice of local treatment of domestic wastewater the expediency of application flowing multistage anaerobic-aerobic biological purification of domestic wastewater with use of communities of attached and free-swimming microorganisms is shown. The proposed low-productivity plant, which includes a three-stage aerobic biological treatment of anaerobically treated wastewater is described. The use of ruff fillers for the retention of hydrobionts gives the opportunity to clear salvo discharge, rapid restoration of the activity of the ruff fillers (for example, in power outages). The ruff fillers make it possible to organize an appropriate trophic chain of hydrobionts, which dramatically reduces the amount of excess biomass and the removal of suspensions in treated wastewater. Using the experiments in laboratory conditions and at real industrial treatment plant of a new design there were received parameters of work of stages of anaerobic and aerobic biological purification, the law of nitrification and denitrification processes, the law of specific speed of oxidation of organic pollution in specific conditions of anaerobic-aerobic technology; the opportunity of reception of quality of treated wastewater at the level of the requirements of the specifications for dump of drains in fishing reservoirs is proved.

Improvement of Efficiency of Waste Water Treatment from Metals Using Flotation Combines

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
B.S. Ksenofontov ◽  
A.S. Kozodayev ◽  
R.A. Taranov ◽  
M.S. Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Reagent Treatment ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Technical Solutions

The work deals with the use of flotation combines for the treatment of waste water from heavy metals. The analysis of various methods of treatment of waste water from heavy metals was carried out, which revealed the most promising technical solutions with their possible implementation for modernization of existing treatment facilities of the enterprise. Experimental studies of several versions of technological schemes were carried out on the basis of which a technological scheme of waste water treatment was selected, including all positions of equipment existing at local treatment facilities, and supplemented with a reagent treatment unit, treatment in a flotation complex using reagents, application of filters and pH correction.

scholarly journals Problems of previous local treatment wastewater of oil production and their effective solution

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Larysa Sablii ◽  
Veronika Zhukova ◽  
Lyudmyla Yepishova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Treatment Facilities

The technology of local wastewater treatment of oil production is presented. It based on the consistent use of physico-chemical treatment methods and allows to remove organic matter, suspended solids from wastewater to the requirements of regulations and divert treated wastewater into the municipal sewerage system. Wastewater generated during the processing of soapstocks, in terms of pollutants exceeds the standards set for wastewater when discharged into urban drainage systems. Therefore, before removal to municipal treatment facilities, they must be treated locally using physico-chemical and biological methods. In the phase-dispersed state, such wastewater is a stable emulsion. The presence of phospholipids, which are stabilizers of emulsions, complicates the phase separation of wastewater components. In addition, wastewater contains suspended particles, colloidal and dissolved substances of organic and inorganic nature. It was found that the highest values ​​of the effect of removal of organic matter by COD - 78% at the initial COD - 40000 mg / dm3, the effect of reducing the concentration of suspended solids - 72.5% at the initial 6300 mg / dm3 were obtained in the process of coagulation using Al2 (SO4)3 and subsequent flotation with air supply through porous materials. The technological scheme of local treatment of industrial wastewater is proposed. It includes the following main processes: averaging, aeration, alkalinization, coagulation, flotation, oxidation, filtration, adsorption. Experimental studies have shown the effectiveness of treatment of soapstocks in oil production using the proposed technology with bringing the quality of treated wastewater to current sanitary requirements, which allowed to recommend the technology of treatment of soapstocks for successful use in industrial enterprises of the oil industry.

scholarly journals Comparison of Local and Systemic DTPA Treatment Efficacy According to Actinide Physicochemical Properties Following Lung or Wound Contamination in the Rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina M. Griffiths ◽  
Anne Van der Meeren ◽  
Olivier Grémy
Keyword(s):  
Local Treatment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Entry Site ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Wound Site ◽  
Internal Contamination ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Wound Contamination

Purpose: In cases of occupational accidents in nuclear facilities or subsequent to terrorist activities, the most likely routes of internal contamination with alpha-particle emitting actinides, such as plutonium (Pu) and americium (Am), are by inhalation or following wounding. Following contamination, actinide transfer to the circulation and subsequent deposition in skeleton and liver depends primarily on the physicochemical nature of the compound. The treatment remit following internal contamination is to decrease actinide retention and in consequence potential health risks, both at the contamination site and in systemic retention organs as well as to promote elimination. The only approved drug for decorporation of Pu and Am is the metal chelator diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). However, a limited efficacy of DTPA has been reported following contamination with insoluble actinides, irrespective of the contamination route. The objectives of this work are to evaluate the efficacy of prompt local and/or systemic DTPA treatment regimens following lung or wound contamination by actinides with differing solubility. The conclusions are drawn from retrospective analysis of experimental studies carried out over 10 years.Materials and Methods: Rat lungs or wounds were contaminated either with poorly soluble Mixed OXide (U, Pu O2) or more soluble forms of Pu (nitrate or citrate). DTPA treatment was administered promptly after contamination, locally to lungs by insufflation of a powder or inhalation of aerosolized solution or by injection directly into the wound site. Intravenous injections of DTPA were given either once or repeated in combination with the local treatment. Doses ranged from 1 to 30 µmol/kg. Animals were euthanized from day 7–21 and alpha activity levels were measured in urine, lungs, wound, bone and liver for determination of decorporation efficacy.Results: Different experiments confirmed that whatever the route of contamination, most of the activity is retained at the entry site after insoluble MOX contamination as compared with contamination with more soluble forms which results in very low activities reaching the systemic compartment and subsequent retention in bone and liver. Several DTPA treatment regimens were evaluated that had no significant effect on either lung or wound levels compared with untreated animals. In contrast, in all cases systemic retention (skeleton and liver) was reduced and urinary excretion were enhanced irrespective of the contamination route or DTPA treatment regimen.Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that despite limitation of retention in systemic organs, different DTPA protocols were ineffective in removing insoluble actinides deposited in lungs or wound site. For moderately soluble actinides, local or intravenous DTPA treatment reduced activity levels both at contamination and at systemic sites.

Experimental studies of the pathogenesis of infections owing to Pseudomonas aeruginosa: elastase, an IgG protease

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1118-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Alan Holder ◽  
Robert Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Elastase ◽  
Insight Into

Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase, but not alkaline protease, degraded pooled, normal, human IgG in vitro and this degraded IgG lost its protective effect when used to treat burned, P. aeruginosa infected mice. Plasma IgG levels in burned, uninfected mice declined immediately postburning, but remained relatively constant thereafter; the levels in burned, P. aeruginosa infected mice continued to decline until death ensued. Infection of burned mice with an elastase+ strain caused the IgG decline, while infection with an elastase− strain did not, suggesting that elastase production caused the in vivo decline in plasma IgG. Local treatment with the protease inhibitor α2-macroglobulin, of burned mice infected with an elastase+ organism, reduced the IgG decline observed in control mice. These data support the hypothesis that P. aeruginosa elastase acts as an IgG protease both in vitro and in vivo and gives insight into how this enzyme may act as a virulence factor in P. aeruginosa.

A Liposome Hydrogel With Polyvinyl-Pyrrolidone Iodine in the Local Treatment of Partial-Thickness Burn Wounds

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz-Herbert Homann ◽  
Oliver Rosbach ◽  
Wiebke Moll ◽  
Peter Maria Vogt ◽  
Guenter Germann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Treatment ◽  
Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Partial Thickness ◽  
Partial Thickness Burn

scholarly journals Local Treatment of Burns with Cell-Based Therapies Tested in Clinical Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 396
Author(s):  
Anna Paulina Domaszewska-Szostek ◽  
Marta Olga Krzyżanowska ◽  
Anna Maria Czarnecka ◽  
Maria Siemionow
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Severe Burns ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Adipose Tissue Cells

Effective wound management is an important determinant of the survival and prognosis of patients with severe burns. Thus, novel techniques for timely and full closure of full-thickness burn wounds are urgently needed. The purpose of this review is to present the current state of knowledge on the local treatment of burn wounds (distinguishing radiation injury from other types of burns) with the application of cellular therapies conducted in clinical studies. PubMed search engine and ClinicalTrials.gov were used to analyze the available data. The analysis covered 49 articles, assessing the use of keratinocytes (30), keratinocytes and fibroblasts (6), fibroblasts (2), bone marrow-derived cells (8), and adipose tissue cells (3). Studies on the cell-based products that are commercially available (Epicel®, Keraheal™, ReCell®, JACE, Biobrane®) were also included, with the majority of reports found on autologous and allogeneic keratinocytes. Promising data demonstrate the effectiveness of various cell-based therapies; however, there are still scientific and technical issues that need to be solved before cell therapies become standard of care. Further evidence is required to demonstrate the clinical efficacy and safety of cell-based therapies in burns. In particular, comparative studies with long-term follow-up are critical.

Nanocoating in local treatment of burn wounds

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
S.V. CHERNIGOVA ◽  
N.V. ZUBKOVA ◽  
E.S. DOCHILOVA
Keyword(s):  
Local Treatment ◽  
Burn Wounds

scholarly journals Making radiation therapy more effective in the era of precision medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-283
Author(s):  
Xingchen Peng ◽  
Zhigong Wei ◽  
Leo E Gerweck
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Number Of Treatment

Abstract Cancer has become a leading cause of death and constitutes an enormous burden worldwide. Radiation is a principle treatment modality used alone or in combination with other forms of therapy, with 50%–70% of cancer patients receiving radiotherapy at some point during their illness. It has been suggested that traditional radiotherapy (daily fractions of approximately 1.8–2 Gy over several weeks) might select for radioresistant tumor cell sub-populations, which, if not sterilized, give rise to local treatment failure and distant metastases. Thus, the challenge is to develop treatment strategies and schedules to eradicate the resistant subpopulation of tumorigenic cells rather than the predominant sensitive tumor cell population. With continued technological advances including enhanced conformal treatment technology, radiation oncologists can increasingly maximize the dose to tumors while sparing adjacent normal tissues, to limit toxicity and damage to the latter. Increased dose conformality also facilitates changes in treatment schedules, such as changes in dose per treatment fraction and number of treatment fractions, to enhance the therapeutic ratio. For example, the recently developed large dose per fraction treatment schedules (hypofractionation) have shown clinical advantage over conventional treatment schedules in some tumor types. Experimental studies suggest that following large acute doses of radiation, recurrent tumors, presumably sustained by the most resistant tumor cell populations, may in fact be equally or more radiation sensitive than the primary tumor. In this review, we summarize the related advances in radiotherapy, including the increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of radioresistance, and the targeting of these mechanisms with potent small molecule inhibitors, which may selectively sensitize tumor cells to radiation.

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