Life-Threatening Fungal Infections in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 537-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry M. Baddour
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Life Threatening

CASE SERIES: A SPECTRUM OF FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Venkatesh B. C. ◽  
Rajendra Rao K. M. ◽  
K. N. Mohan Rao
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Causative Agents

Corona virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is causing a major health crisis across the globe. With the increasing number of fungal infections associated with COVID-19 being reported, it is imperative to understand the spectrum of such infections. Most documented cases have been reported in patients with diabetes mellitus or treatment with immunomodulators. The most common causative agents are Aspergillus, Candida or Mucorales. This series aims to portray the spectrum of fungal infections associated with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Assessment of Candidal carriage in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 733-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Lamichhane ◽  
K Boaz ◽  
S Natarajan ◽  
M Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Denture Stomatitis ◽  
Oral Rinse ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: It is generally acknowledged that patients with diabetes mellitus are more susceptible to fungal infections, particularly with Candida albicans. Oral infection by Candida can result in a number of clinical lesions, including median rhomboid glossitis (central papillary atrophy), denture stomatitis, squamous cell carcinoma, Radiation therapy, immunocompromised status, etc. Different studies have shown that patients with diabetes mellitus have increased frequency of oral candidal carriage and increased risk of candidiasis, which is related to poor metabolic control, neutrophil dysfunction, reduced salivary flow, high glucose concentration in blood and saliva and in medications.Materials and Methods: Subjects of both the groups were given 10 ml of sterile normal saline and asked to rinse the mouth for one minute. The subjects were then asked to return the oral rinse in a sterile clean, broad-mouthed container which was capped, labelled and taken to the laboratory. The samples were then inoculated onto the culture medium (Sabouraud’s dextrose agar with Chloramphenicol) with minimal delay (within 6-8 hours of collection of oral rinse). Candidal colonies were counted and compared with non-diabetics.Results: Statistically significant increase in colony forming units (p=0.0324) were obtainedin patients with diabetes mellitus.Conclusion: The results indicate significant increase in colonization and carriage of candida in the oral cavity among diabetics when compared with non-diabetics. However, further research using larger samples is required which may lend credibility to the suggestion of increased candidal CFUs in diabetics serving as a surrogate marker of serum glucose levels.Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2015) Vol. 5, 733-738

Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsuddin Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Underlying Pathophysiology ◽  
Surgical Condition

The incidence of diabetes mellitus has rapidly increased in recent years. Perioperative care of patients with diabetes presents challenges of glycemic control and management of associated cardiovascular disease. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) are life-threatening complications of diabetes that require emergent therapy. Although elective surgery in patients with DKA or HHS is contraindicated, there are times when an emergent surgical condition may require anesthesia in the presence of DKA or HHS. There are many different factors that may precipitate these disorders and an understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and treatment is important for successful management of anesthesia.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE ON HYPOGLYCEMIA AMONG PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Thenmozhi P ◽  
Vijayalakshmi M
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

 Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the level of knowledge on hypoglycemia among patients with diabetes mellitus in the rural community. Hypoglycemia is an acute complication of diabetes mellitus. The recognition of hypoglycemia and immediate treatment of hypoglycemia should be known by all the diabetic patients so that treatment of hypoglycemia may not be delayed, need for hospitalization could be avoided, and life-threatening complications due to hypoglycemia may be prevented.Methods: A cross-sectional research design was adopted with 60 samples who met the inclusion criteria in the rural community in India. Structured interview method was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics.Result: Of 60 samples, 38 (63.33%) had inadequate knowledge, 12 (20%) of them had moderately adequate knowledge, and 10 (16.67%) of them had adequate knowledge. There is a significant association between the age and type of treatment at the level of p<0.05 with the level of knowledge on hypoglycemia.Conclusion: The study findings emphasized that majority of the patients with diabetes mellitus do not have the knowledge on hypoglycemia. The health-care professional has an important role in educating diabetics on hypoglycemia so that hypoglycemic episodes and morbidity could be reduced or prevented.

scholarly journals Frequency of Cutaneous Fungal Infections and Azole Resistance of the Isolates in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Dehghan ◽  
Omid Raiesi ◽  
Mansour Siavash ◽  
Faezeh Mohammadi ◽  
Javaher Chabavizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Azole Resistance ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Lung aspergilloma with pituitary invasive aspergillosis presenting as headache and hyponatraemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e238721
Author(s):  
Eunho Choi ◽  
Sun Bean Kim ◽  
Jong Hun Kim ◽  
Young Kyung Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Invasive Aspergillosis ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Lung Mass ◽  
Tissue Invasion ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Brain

Fungal infections involving the pituitary gland are rare and can be life threatening. A 75-year-old man with hypertension and diabetes mellitus presented with headache and hyponatraemia. Imaging study showed right upper lung mass, and mass resection showed aspergilloma without tissue invasion on histology. The patient developed visual impairment a few weeks later, and MRI of the brain revealed bilateral sphenoid sinusitis and pituitary invasion. The trans-sphenoidal biopsy confirmed invasive Aspergillus infection. His sphenoidal sinuses were endoscopically debrided, and he was treated with oral voriconazole. Pituitary aspergillosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with lung aspergilloma with headache and sinusitis. Prompt biopsy and antifungal treatment are important due to the high mortality rate of the infection.

scholarly journals Fusarium-Induced Cellulitis in an Immunocompetent Patient With Sickle Cell Disease: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 232470962093430
Author(s):  
Shaher Samrah ◽  
Aroob Sweidan ◽  
Abdelwahab Aleshawi ◽  
Mahmoud Ayesh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Minor Trauma ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Fungal infections due to Fusarium species are mostly present in immunocompromised and patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. We report a case of lower extremity skin infection caused by Fusarium species in a 61-year-old woman diagnosed with sickle cell disease. Single skin ulceration caused by Fusarium species can result from fungal inoculation into damaged tissue, so any condition that damages the skin can be considered as a risk factor for inoculation. Long-standing sickle cell disease may develop vaso-occlusion in the skin that can produce lower extremity ulcers and myofascial syndromes. The mechanism is not completely characterized, but compromised blood flow, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, inflammation, and delayed healing are thought to contribute to locally compromised tissue that may eventually lead to opportunistic infection such as in our case. Other factors contribute to the pathophysiology of lower extremity ulcers such as diabetes mellitus, with the resulting peripheral vascular ischemia causing poor circulation to the lower extremity, and peripheral neuropathy, which can make patients with diabetes unaware of minor trauma leading to the development of skin infections.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE ON HYPOGLYCEMIA AMONG PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thenmozhi P ◽  
Vijayalakshmi M
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

 Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the level of knowledge on hypoglycemia among patients with diabetes mellitus in the rural community. Hypoglycemia is an acute complication of diabetes mellitus. The recognition of hypoglycemia and immediate treatment of hypoglycemia should be known by all the diabetic patients so that treatment of hypoglycemia may not be delayed, need for hospitalization could be avoided, and life-threatening complications due to hypoglycemia may be prevented.Methods: A cross-sectional research design was adopted with 60 samples who met the inclusion criteria in the rural community in India. Structured interview method was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics.Result: Of 60 samples, 38 (63.33%) had inadequate knowledge, 12 (20%) of them had moderately adequate knowledge, and 10 (16.67%) of them had adequate knowledge. There is a significant association between the age and type of treatment at the level of p<0.05 with the level of knowledge on hypoglycemia.Conclusion: The study findings emphasized that majority of the patients with diabetes mellitus do not have the knowledge on hypoglycemia. The health-care professional has an important role in educating diabetics on hypoglycemia so that hypoglycemic episodes and morbidity could be reduced or prevented.

scholarly journals Obesity in spontaneous spondylodiscitis: a relevant risk factor for severe disease courses

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Schoof ◽  
Martin Stangenberg ◽  
Klaus Christian Mende ◽  
Darius Maximilian Thiesen ◽  
Dimitris Ntalos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Relevant Risk Factor ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Clinical Records

AbstractSpondylodiscitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease. Obesity is a risk factor for many infections, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe characteristics of obese patients with spondylodiscitis and identify risk factors for a severe disease course in obese patients. Between December 2012 and June 2018, clinical records were screened for patients admitted for spondylodiscitis. The final analysis included 191 adult patients (mean age 64.6 ± 14.8 years). Patient data concerning demographics, comorbidities, surgical treatment, laboratory testing, and microbiological workup were analysed using an electronic database. Patients were grouped according to body mass index (BMI) as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 or < 30 kg/m2. Seventy-seven patients were classified as normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), 65 as preobese (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2), and 49 as obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Obese patients were younger, had a higher revision surgery rate, and showed higher rates of abscesses, neurological failure, and postoperative complications. A different bacterial spectrum dominated by staphylococci species was revealed (p = 0.019). Obese patients with diabetes mellitus had a significantly higher risk for spondylodiscitis (p = 0.002). The mortality rate was similar in both cohorts, as was the spondylodiscitis localisation. Obesity, especially when combined with diabetes mellitus, is associated with a higher proportion of Staphylococcus aureus infections and is a risk factor for a severe course of spondylodiscitis, including higher revision rates and sepsis, especially in younger patients.

scholarly journals Emphysematous pyelonephritis: non surgical treatment approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-307
Author(s):  
Kiran Kumar Singal ◽  
Neerja Singal ◽  
Bhaskar Gupta ◽  
Karun Puran Bhatti ◽  
Abhinav Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Emphysematous Pyelonephritis ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
High Doses

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a severe infection characterized by the presence of gas within the renal parenchyma tissues. It is a life threatening complication of bacterial interstitial nephritis, and it mainly occurs in patients with diabetes mellitus. We report a case of a 37 year old female who complained of fever and pain in left lumbar region on admission. Her past medical history included uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. On USG (ultrasonography), left kidney swollen and show echogenic linear specs with dirty shadowing suggestive of air in pelvicalyceal system (PCS). She was treated with intensive antibiotic therapy in high doses. On repeat USG there was marked reduction in air shadow in kidney and patient improved clinically.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(3) 2015 p.305-307

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