scholarly journals Spiders spinning electrically charged nano-fibres

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 20140813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Kronenberger ◽  
Fritz Vollrath

Most spider threads are on the micrometre and sub-micrometre scale. Yet, there are some spiders that spin true nano-scale fibres such as the cribellate orb spider, Uloborus plumipes . Here, we analyse the highly specialized capture silk-spinning system of this spider and compare it with the silk extrusion systems of the more standard spider dragline threads. The cribellar silk extrusion system consists of tiny, morphologically basic glands each terminating through exceptionally long and narrow ducts in uniquely shaped silk outlets. Depending on spider size, hundreds to thousands of these outlet spigots cover the cribellum, a phylogenetically ancient spinning plate. We present details on the unique functional design of the cribellate gland–duct–spigot system and discuss design requirements for its specialist fibrils. The spinning of fibres on the nano-scale seems to have been facilitated by the evolution of a highly specialist way of direct spinning, which differs from the aqua-melt silk extrusion set-up more typical for other spiders.

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 2568-2572
Author(s):  
Si Yuan Wang ◽  
Guang Sheng Ren ◽  
Pan Nie

The test rig for hydro-pneumatic converter used in straddle type monorail vehicles was researched, and its electro-pneumatic proportional control system was set up and simulated based on AMESim/Simulink. Compared fuzzy-PID (Proportion Integral Derivative) controller with PID controller through fuzzy logic tool box in Simulink, the results indicate that, this electro-pneumatic proportional control system can meet design requirements better, and fuzzy-PID controller has higher accuracy and stability than PID controller.


2006 ◽  
Vol 505-507 ◽  
pp. 1009-1014
Author(s):  
C.L. Wu ◽  
K.S. Wang

An Intelligent Tool Post (ITP) used in lathe is proposed in this study. ITP is designed from the basis of two different cutting force characteristics produced from abnormal cutting generated by tool crashing workpiece and from normal cutting. ITP is capable of sensing and distinguishing the normal cutting signals from the abnormal ones. During normal cutting, ITP is able to resist the cutting torque and continue the cutting. As abnormal cutting occurs, the tool would move away from the workpiece without any damage. The equations for design and operation have been established. With the threshold and the design equation, one can design appropriate ITP. The threshold can be calculated and set up by the operating equation and the cutting conditions. Furthermore, Taguchi method was employed to conduct the experiments and analyze the experimental results. The results showed that the ITP’s functions met the design requirements completely.


2014 ◽  
Vol 633-634 ◽  
pp. 360-363
Author(s):  
Xiu Duan Gong ◽  
Zhou Wen ◽  
Jun Ling Zhang

The digital design of mechanical products is usually first reference existing parts, drawings, and experience to make original design data and design requirements, according to the design of digital model is set up, after an analysis of the finite element model according to the analysis results contrast design goal to design or structure parameter changes, to the expected design purpose. Analysis of the product is an essential part of product design.


2012 ◽  
Vol 605-607 ◽  
pp. 691-694
Author(s):  
Li Sun

Rear frame is an important component of underground transport vehicle, used to carry different functional devices. This paper took rear frame as a research object. First of all, software Proe was used to set up geometrical model; secondly, software ANSYS was used to establish a FEM model to grid and set boundary conditions, and then analyzed rear frame stress and strain in working speed. The results showed that the deformation of rear frame is very small, meets the design requirements; the maximum stress of rear frame is far less than the allowable stress, which meets the strength requirements. It provides important theoretical basis for rear frame’s design.


2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 3097-3101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Zhan ◽  
Bao Cheng Yu ◽  
Chun Mei Wang

A structure of video surveillance platform has been set up based on TI's TMS320DM368 (the following referred to as DM368).The driver of CMOS image sensor has been designed ,according to the valid image data read and timing requirements in the CMOS image sensor. A Aptina's CMOS image sensor AR0130 has been adopted. Acooriding its clock configuration, the ranks’ timing control, the output resolution and other design requirements, a method based on the scanning of ranks clock to divide the valid image area has been applied to set parameters for achieving the hardware device driver. The results show that the device can be normal work under the drive, and video signal outputs stable.


2018 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Senlin Xiao ◽  
Hongxin Qiao ◽  
Guanxiong Xu ◽  
Guailin Luo ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
...  

As a kind of VTOL technology, ducted fan is not only used by many kinds of aircrafts, but also one of the trends of the future aircraft lift system, and attracts more and more attention. For an engine driven ducted fan lift unit, involving the engine and ducted fan matching problem, the form of transmission and transmission ratio are the key design parameters. In order to design and develop a ducted fan aircraft reasonably, a thrust test platform was set up to connect the engine with the ducted fan through the belt driving. The matching relationship between the engine and the transmission system was experimentally studied and the optimal transmission ratio was determined. The results showed that the optimal transmission ratio for the engine 1 is 2.2:1, and for the engine 2, the optimal transmission ratio should be 2.95:1 based on the current ducted and movable blade aerofoil design. At this time, the lift will exceed 130 kg•f, meeting the aircraft's original design requirements.


2013 ◽  
Vol 475-476 ◽  
pp. 1419-1423
Author(s):  
Rui Liu ◽  
Lan Tang ◽  
Zhuo Qing Li

Parameters of disc brake are calculated according to overall design requirements of the deicing vehicle. Based on the principles of its mechanical structure, ADAMS is used to set up the 3D model and simulate the braking performance. Simulation results show that the braking force of the model grows sharply and steadily and the braking distance satisfies the national standards. This progress provides a useful method to shorten the design cycles of special vehicle brakes, and to reduce its design costs.


CORAK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Deni Arifiana ◽  
G.R. Lono Lastoro Simatupang ◽  
SP. Gustami

The nurse's uniform is the main supporter of the nurse in performing her professional roles at the hospital.Therefore, the nurse's uniform is designed to meet the needs of her professional role in the hospital, although in practice the nurse's uniform is not always able to function properly.This article aims to identify the variables that need to be considered in the study of professional uniform design, especially nurses. The hope, this paper can contribute to the design of similar studies. Assessment of the design of nurse uniforms is done through literature and document studies, with the scope of the in-patient nurses' uniforms.This article shows that the variables that need to be considered in the study of professional uniform design, especially the nurse, cover the professional needs and criteria for the design requirements of professional uniform. The stages that need to be done in analyzing the functional design of professional uniform are grouped into 4 stages, including: stage identifying the needs of the profession; determine the functional requirements of the profession; establishing criteria for the design of professional uniforms; and the stage reflects the functional needs of the profession into the clothing design. Pakaian seragam perawat merupakan pendukung utama perawat dalam menjalankan aktifitas peran profesinya di rumah sakit. Maka dari itu, pakaian seragam perawat dirancang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan profesinya di rumah sakit, kendati pada praktiknya pakaian seragam perawat tidak selalu dapat berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi variabel-variabel yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam penelitian desain pakaian seragam profesi, khususnya perawat. Harapannya, tulisan ini dapat berkontribusi bagi perancangan penelitian-penelitian sejenis. Pengkajian terhadap desain pakaian seragam perawat dilakukan melalui studi literatur dan dokumen, dengan ruang lingkup pada pakaian seragam perawat rawat inap.Tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel-variabel yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam penelitian desain pakaian seragam profesi (perawat), mencakup kebutuhan-kebutuhan profesi dan kriteria persyaratan desain pakaian seragam profesi. Adapun tahapan yang perlu dilakukan dalam menganalisis fungsional desain pakaian seragam profesi dikelompokkan ke dalam 4 tahap, meliputi: tahap mengidentifikasi kebutuhan profesi; menetapkan kebutuhan fungsional profesi; menetapkan kriteria desain pakaian seragam profesi; dan tahap merefleksikan kebutuhan fungsional profesi ke dalam desain pakaian. Kata-kata kunci: pakaian-seragam, perawat, rancangan-penelitian


Author(s):  
Askar Ali

In this work, a new model of double-Logarithmic electrodynamics has been minimally coupled to Einstein-massive gravity and the nonlinearly charged black holes in the presence of quintessential cosmic dark energy and string cloud background are investigated. In this set up, new magnetically charged black hole solution has been derived. Thermodynamics of these black holes are also analyzed and different thermodynamic quantities are computed. Basic thermodynamic quantities such as heat capacity and Hawking temperature have been plotted and the regions corresponding to thermodynamic stability and instability are pointed out. The generalized first law of thermodynamics and the associated Smarr’s relation have also been written down in this context of massive gravity and matter sources. At last, the nonlinearly electrically charged black holes are also briefly studied.


Author(s):  
Franc¸ois Hedin ◽  
Pierre Berbey

The EUR organization was set up in the early 90’s to produce a common specification for the next LWR nuclear power plants to be built in Europe. 18 years after its foundation, the organization is well recognized and still quite active. During the last 3 years, the EUR products have mainly been evaluations of the Gen 3 LWR designs. The evaluations of the AP1000 and of the AES92 designs have been concluded in 2007 and a revised version of the evaluation of the EPR completed in 2009. Other LWR projects of potential interest for the EUR utilities, such as MHI’s APWR, are being reviewed before starting a full-scope assessment. Last, a revision C of the EUR volume 4 has been published in 2007. Coordinated actions with the other industry groups and the other stakeholders have been a centerpiece of the recent EUR strategy. In particular, the EUR and ENISS organizations have joined their efforts in nuclear safety vs. IAEA and WENRA. Also EUR and WNA/CORDEL are now working together on harmonization of the design requirements at global level. Meanwhile, the EUR organization has kept enlarging: CEZ and MVM now are active associated members and Gen-Energija from Slovenia has been invited to participate. Education and training has been dealt with actively in 2009 and 2010. The EUR organization strongly supported WNU’s “Forum on harmonization” in 2009. A more technical course about the EUR requirements is being organized in 2010 under the aegis of ENEN. Finally, a lot of preparatory material for a revision D of the EUR volumes 1 and 2 has been gathered during the last 10 years. Several options are under consideration about how to proceed towards this revision.


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