scholarly journals Cold-stress responses in the Antarctic basidiomycetous yeast Mrakia blollopis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 160106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaharu Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Basidiomycetous Yeast ◽  
Subzero Temperature ◽  
Subzero Temperatures ◽  
The Antarctic

Microbes growing at subzero temperatures encounter numerous growth constraints. However, fungi that inhabit cold environments can grow and decompose organic compounds under subzero temperatures. Thus, understanding the cold-adaptation strategies of fungi under extreme environments is critical for elucidating polar-region ecosystems. Here, I report that two strains of the Antarctic basidiomycetous yeast Mrakia blollopis exhibited distinct growth characteristics under subzero conditions: SK-4 grew efficiently, whereas TKG1-2 did not. I analysed the metabolite responses elicited by cold stress in these two M. blollopis strains by using capillary electrophoresis–time-of-flight mass spectrometry. M. blollopis SK-4, which grew well under subzero temperatures, accumulated high levels of TCA-cycle metabolites, lactic acid, aromatic amino acids and polyamines in response to cold shock. Polyamines are recognized to function in cell-growth and developmental processes, and aromatic amino acids are also known to improve cell growth at low temperatures. By contrast, in TKG1-2, which did not grow efficiently, cold stress strongly induced the metabolites of the TCA cycle, but other metabolites were not highly accumulated in the cell. Thus, these differences in metabolite responses could contribute to the distinct abilities of SK-4 and TKG1-2 cells to grow under subzero temperature conditions.

scholarly journals LONP1 and ClpP cooperatively regulate mitochondrial proteostasis for cancer cell survival

Oncogenesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Geon Lee ◽  
Hui Won Kim ◽  
Yeji Nam ◽  
Kyeong Jin Shin ◽  
Yu Jin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Mitochondrial Matrix ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions ◽  
Cancer Cell Survival

AbstractMitochondrial proteases are key components in mitochondrial stress responses that maintain proteostasis and mitochondrial integrity in harsh environmental conditions, which leads to the acquisition of aggressive phenotypes, including chemoresistance and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms and exact role of mitochondrial proteases in cancer remain largely unexplored. Here, we identified functional crosstalk between LONP1 and ClpP, which are two mitochondrial matrix proteases that cooperate to attenuate proteotoxic stress and protect mitochondrial functions for cancer cell survival. LONP1 and ClpP genes closely localized on chromosome 19 and were co-expressed at high levels in most human cancers. Depletion of both genes synergistically attenuated cancer cell growth and induced cell death due to impaired mitochondrial functions and increased oxidative stress. Using mitochondrial matrix proteomic analysis with an engineered peroxidase (APEX)-mediated proximity biotinylation method, we identified the specific target substrates of these proteases, which were crucial components of mitochondrial functions, including oxidative phosphorylation, the TCA cycle, and amino acid and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, we found that LONP1 and ClpP shared many substrates, including serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2). Inhibition of both LONP1 and ClpP additively increased the amount of unfolded SHMT2 protein and enhanced sensitivity to SHMT2 inhibitor, resulting in significantly reduced cell growth and increased cell death under metabolic stress. Additionally, prostate cancer patients with higher LONP1 and ClpP expression exhibited poorer survival. These results suggest that interventions targeting the mitochondrial proteostasis network via LONP1 and ClpP could be potential therapeutic strategies for cancer.

Gene yddG of Escherichia coli encoding the putative exporter of aromatic amino acids: Constitutive transcription and dependence of the expression on the cell growth rate

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Tsyrenzhapova ◽  
V. G. Doroshenko ◽  
L. G. Airich ◽  
A. S. Mironov ◽  
S. V. Mashko
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Cell Growth Rate

scholarly journals Characterization of cold stress responses in different rapeseed ecotypes based on metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongju Jian ◽  
Ling Xie ◽  
Yanhua Wang ◽  
Yanru Cao ◽  
Mengyuan Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Stress Treatment ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars

The winter oilseed ecotype is more tolerant to low temperature than the spring ecotype. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses of leaf samples of five spring Brassica napus L. (B. napus) ecotype lines and five winter B. napus ecotype lines treated at 4 °C and 28 °C were performed. A total of 25,460 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the spring oilseed ecotype and 28,512 DEGs of the winter oilseed ecotype were identified after cold stress; there were 41 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) in the spring and 47 in the winter oilseed ecotypes. Moreover, more than 46.2% DEGs were commonly detected in both ecotypes, and the extent of the changes were much more pronounced in the winter than spring ecotype. By contrast, only six DEMs were detected in both the spring and winter oilseed ecotypes. Eighty-one DEMs mainly belonged to primary metabolites, including amino acids, organic acids and sugars. The large number of specific genes and metabolites emphasizes the complex regulatory mechanisms involved in the cold stress response in oilseed rape. Furthermore, these data suggest that lipid, ABA, secondary metabolism, signal transduction and transcription factors may play distinct roles in the spring and winter ecotypes in response to cold stress. Differences in gene expression and metabolite levels after cold stress treatment may have contributed to the cold tolerance of the different oilseed ecotypes.

The Efficient Preparation of Radiolabeled Aromatic Amino Acids via Cu-Mediated Radiofluorination using Ni-complexes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Craig ◽  
N Kolks ◽  
E Urusova ◽  
BD Zlatopolskiy ◽  
B Neumaier
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids

Long term dietary intake of aromatic amino acids are associated with leptin gene expression in adipose tissues of non-diabetic adults

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golaleh Asghari ◽  
Emad Yuzbashian ◽  
Maryam Zarkesh ◽  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Mehdi Hedayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissues

Synthesis and Breakdown of the Universal Precursors to Biological Metabolism Promoted by Ferrous Iron

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila B. Muchowska ◽  
Sreejith Jayasree VARMA ◽  
Joseph Moran
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Reaction Network ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Chemical Reaction Network ◽  
Metabolic Precursors ◽  
Tca Cycle Intermediates

How core biological metabolism initiated and why it uses the intermediates, reactions and pathways that it does remains unclear. Life builds its molecules from CO<sub>2 </sub>and breaks them down to CO<sub>2 </sub>again through the intermediacy of just five metabolites that act as the hubs of biochemistry. Here, we describe a purely chemical reaction network promoted by Fe<sup>2+ </sup>in which aqueous pyruvate and glyoxylate, two products of abiotic CO<sub>2 </sub>reduction, build up nine of the eleven TCA cycle intermediates, including all five universal metabolic precursors. The intermediates simultaneously break down to CO<sub>2 </sub>in a life-like regime resembling biological anabolism and catabolism. Introduction of hydroxylamine and Fe<sup>0 </sup>produces four biological amino acids. The network significantly overlaps the TCA/rTCA and glyoxylate cycles and may represent a prebiotic precursor to these core metabolic pathways.

Single Amino Acid Based Self-Assemblies of Cysteine and Methionine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Gour ◽  
Bharti Koshti ◽  
Chandra Kanth P. ◽  
Dhruvi Shah ◽  
Vivek Shinh Kshatriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Neutral Condition ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assays ◽  
First Time

We report for the very first time self-assembly of Cysteine and Methionine to discrenible strucutres under neutral condition. To get insights into the structure formation, thioflavin T and Congo red binding assays were done which revealed that aggregates may not have amyloid like characteristics. The nature of interactions which lead to such self-assemblies was purported by coincubating assemblies in urea and mercaptoethanol. Further interaction of aggregates with short amyloidogenic dipeptide diphenylalanine (FF) was assessed. While cysteine aggregates completely disrupted FF fibres, methionine albeit triggered fibrillation. The cytotoxicity assays of cysteine and methionine structures were performed on Human Neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells which suggested that aggregates are not cytotoxic in nature and thus, may not have amyloid like etiology. The results presented in the manuscript are striking, since to the best of our knowledge,this is the first report which demonstrates that even non-aromatic amino acids (cysteine and methionine) can undergo spontaneous self-assembly to form ordered aggregates.

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