scholarly journals On the nerves of the gravid uterus

1843 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Posterior Surface ◽  
Muscular Coat ◽  
Mesial Line ◽  
Striking Resemblance ◽  
Sacral Nerves ◽  
The Right

The author, while dissecting a gravid uterus of seven months, on the 8th of April, 1838, observed the trunk of a large nerve proceeding upwards from the cervix to the body of that organ along with the right uterine vein, and sending off branches to the posterior surface of the uterus; some of which accompanied the vein, and others appeared to be inserted into the peritoneum. A broad band, resembling a plexus of nerves, was seen extending across the posterior surface of the uterus, and covering the nerve about midway from the fundus to the cervix. On the left side, a large plexus of nerves was seen, surrounding the uterine veins at the place where they were about to enter the hypogastric vein. From this plexus three large trunks of nerves were seen accompanying the uterine vein, which increased in size as they ascended to the fundus uteri. From the nerve situated on the posterior surface of the vein, numerous filaments passed off towards the mesial line, as on the right side; some following the smaller veins on the posterior surface of the uterus, and others becoming intimately adherent to the peritoneum. The largest of the nerves which accompanied the uterine vein was traced as high as the part where the Fallopian tube enters the uterus; and there it divided into numerous filaments, which plunged deep into the muscular coat of the uterus along with the vein. A large fasciculated band, like a plexus of nerves, was also seen on the left side under the peritoneum, crossing the body of the uterus; and several branches, apparently nervous, proceeding from this band, were distinctly continuous with some of the smaller branches of nerves accompanying the uterine veins. The preparation of the parts was placed in the Museum of St. George’s Hospital, on the 1st of October, 1838; and several anatomists who examined it were of opinion that they were absorbents accompanying the uterine veins, and tendinous fibres spread across the posterior surface. Dr. Lee availed himself of another opportunity which presented itself, on the 18th of December of the same year, of examining a gravid uterus in the sixth month of pregnancy, which had the spermatic, hypogastric and sacral nerves remaining connected with it; and during the last ten months, he has been diligently occupied in tracing the nerves of this uterus. He believes that he has ascertained that the principal trunks of the hypogastric nerves accompany, not the arteries of the uterus, as all anatomists have represented, but the veins; that these nerves become greatly enlarged during pregnancy; and that their branches are actually incorporated, or coalesce with the branches of the four great fasciculated bands on the anterior and posterior surface of the uterus, bearing a striking resemblance to ganglionic plexuses of nerves, and sending numerous branches to the muscular coat of the uterus.

scholarly journals The case of Graviditatis tubo-uterinae with a favorable outcome of labor per vias naturales

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
D. Ruzi
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
The Body ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Dead Child ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Right

The author describes a very interesting case of tubo-uterine pregnancy, which ended in per vias naturales delivery. His story is as follows. Free 27 years old. Regules appeared on the 16th year. The first pregnancy 10 years ago ended in a miscarriage at 4 months. Urgent delivery 4. After the last urgent delivery suffered from cervical endometritis. From the last pregnancy was resolved on 24 July 1890 at the 7th month of a dead child, after which she was ill for a long time. The last regulations were on October 11, 1890. At the end of November, the body of the uterus appeared to be enlarged, doughy consistency, the right fallopian tube at the uterine end was significantly enlarged and painful. Pregnancy was diagnosed.

scholarly journals A Focus of Differentiated Myeloid Sarcoma in a Ligation Specimen of the Fallopian Tube: No Evidence of Hematologic Abnormality in 18 Years of Follow-up Despite Absence of Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
Eduardo Castro ◽  
Linden Morales ◽  
Riyam Zreik ◽  
Ludvik R. Donner
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Myeloid Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Left Fallopian Tube ◽  
The Right

A 0.2-cm intramural focus composed predominantly of myelocytes and metamyelocytes, many CD3+, CD43+ T-lymphocytes, scanty CD20+ B-lymphocytes, rare mast cells, but no eosinophils or myeloblasts was incidentally found in a ligation specimen of the left fallopian tube. The myeloid cells were positive for chloroacetate esterase, myeloperoxidase, myeloid marker BM2, and CD43, and they were negative for CD30, CD34, CD117, ERG, and TDT. The findings in the left fallopian tube were consistent with the diagnosis of differentiated myeloid sarcoma. The right fallopian tube was normal. No hematologic abnormalities were found elsewhere in the body. Curiously, the patient remains free of any hematologic abnormality for 18 years despite absence of treatment.

On the nervous system of the heart

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 675-677
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Serous Membrane ◽  
Muscular Coat ◽  
Cardiac Nerves

The author premises a historical notice of the various opinions entertained by distinguished anatomists respecting the nerves of the heart; some having maintained that the human heart is copiously supplied with nerves, and others that it has few or none. In September 1846, the author resolved to dissect, under the microscope, the nerves of the heart while covered with alcohol, as he had done those of the uterus. His examinations of the fœtal heart, of the heart of a child at the age of six years, of the heart of an adult in the sound state, of the human heart greatly hypertrophied, and of the heart of the ox, warrant, he thinks, the following conclusions:—1st, that the blood-vessels and the muscular structure of the auricles and ventricles of the heart are furnished with numerous ganglia and plexuses of nerves which have hitherto been neither described nor represented by any anatomist; 2ndly, that these nervous structures of the heart, which are distributed over its surface and throughout its walls to the lining membrane and columnæ carneæ , enlarge with the natural growth of the heart before birth, and during childhood and youth, until the heart has attained its full size in the adult; 3rdly, that when the walls of the auricles and ventricles are affected with hypertrophy, the ganglia and nerves of the heart are enlarged like those of the gravid uterus; and 4thly, that the ganglia and nerves which supply the left auricle and ventricle in the natural state, are more than double the size of the ganglia and nerves distributed to the right side of the heart. The author observes that the ventricles and auricles of the human heart and of those of the hearts of the larger quadrupeds, are covered with two distinct membranes; the exterior is the serous membrane, connected by cellular tissue with another distinct tunic, which has scarcely, if at all, been noticed by anatomists. This second membrane is stated to have a dense fibrous structure, to be semitransparent, and to resemble in a remarkable manner the aponeurotic expansions, or fascice, covering muscles in other parts of the body; and, like them, it sends numerous fibres or processes between the muscular fasciculi, blood-vessels, nerves, and adipose substance of the heart. This membrane, the author thinks, may appropriately be termed the cardiac fascia , and he states that, through this, after the removal of the serous membrane, there are numerous ganglia and plexuses of nerves visible to the naked eye. If these nerves be traced backwards towards the base of the ventricles, they are seen to terminate in a great ganglionic plexus, situated between the pulmonary artery and aorta; into which plexus branches of nerves enter from the par vagum of each side, the recurrent and the sympathetic nerves. From this great ganglionic plexus, which the author considers to be the root of all the principal cardiac nerves, branches invested with a soft neurilema proceed to the auricles and ventricles, and their septa. Large flat branches of nerves pass from this ganglionic mass to the coronary arteries, the trunks of which they completely surround like a sheath, and all the ramifications of which they accompany, not only over the surface of the heart, but into the muscular substance, and they are distributed with these arteries throughout its walls to the lining membrane. The author also states that there are besides numerous branches of nerves from the great ganglionic plexuses at the base of the heart and surrounding the coronary arteries, with ganglia distributed over the surfaces of both the ventricles, which do not accompany the blood-vessels, but run obliquely across them, and also across the fibres of the muscular coat. These superficial cardiac nerves are described as being remarkably soft, flat, of a grey colour, and somewhat transparent, as had been formerly stated by Scarpa. Towards the left side and apex of the left ventricle, these nerves lie in grooves or depressions of the muscular coat, and spread out into ganglionic enlargements, from which innumerable filaments are sent off laterally to the muscular coat. There are ganglia of considerable size on these superficial nerves where they are crossing the arteries, which send branches to the coats of the vessels, and some of which branches pass down with the vessels into the substance of the heart.

Our Bodies, Whose Property?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

No one wants to be treated like an object, regarded as an item of property, or put up for sale. Yet many people frame personal autonomy in terms of self-ownership, representing themselves as property owners with the right to do as they wish with their bodies. Others do not use the language of property, but are similarly insistent on the rights of free individuals to decide for themselves whether to engage in commercial transactions for sex, reproduction, or organ sales. Drawing on analyses of rape, surrogacy, and markets in human organs, this book challenges notions of freedom based on ownership of our bodies and argues against the normalization of markets in bodily services and parts. The book explores the risks associated with metaphors of property and the reasons why the commodification of the body remains problematic. The book asks what is wrong with thinking of oneself as the owner of one's body? What is wrong with making our bodies available for rent or sale? What, if anything, is the difference between markets in sex, reproduction, or human body parts, and the other markets we commonly applaud? The book contends that body markets occupy the outer edges of a continuum that is, in some way, a feature of all labor markets. But it also emphasizes that we all have bodies, and considers the implications of this otherwise banal fact for equality. Bodies remind us of shared vulnerability, alerting us to the common experience of living as embodied beings in the same world. Examining the complex issue of body exceptionalism, the book demonstrates that treating the body as property makes human equality harder to comprehend.

ANALISIS YURIDIS NORMATIF PUTUSAN PERKARA MAHKAMAH AGUNG KONSTITUSI RI No. 004/PUU-II/2004

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Doni Budiono
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Supreme Courts ◽  
Military Justice ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Rules ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tax Court

The  authority  of justice in Indonesia  is executed by  the Supreme Courts and  the  justice  boards/body under the Supreme Courts, including  the general  justice, religious affairs justice, military justice,  state administration  justice,  and  the Constitution Court. According to  certainty in  the Act of  Tax Court, Article1, clause  (5),  tax  dispute   refers to the legal dispute arising in the  taxation  affairs between the  tax payer or the  body  responsible for the  tax with   the government   executives  ( Directorate General of Tax) as the consequence of   the issue of  the decree for the  appeal  to the Tax  Court in accordance with the  tax Act, including the  charge  against the  execution of collection   in accordance with the  Act of Tax Collection by force. The  formation of Tax Court is  designed by  the Executives, in this case, the  Department of Finance, specifically  the Directorate   General  of Tax  which has the right to issue  law  more technical about  tax accord to Article 14,  letter A,  President Decree  no. 44  year 1974,  concerning the  basic  organization of the Department.  Based on  it,  it  is clear that  in addition to execute the government  rules and policy,  this body  has to execute judicial   rules and policy. This is against the  principles of  Judicative  Power/Authority in Indonesia,  which   clearly states that this body  should be under the Supreme Court.   Therefore. It is suggested that   the Act  No UU no.14 Year 2012 concerning  Tax Court   be revised  in accordance with the system of  Power Division  of Justice  as  stated in 45 Constitutions.

Ayurveda dietary guidelines during Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1477-1481
Author(s):  
Ishwari Gaikwad ◽  
Priyanka Shelotkar
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Regimen ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The current world situation is both frightening and alarming due to the massive disruption caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The next few days are censorious as we need to be very precautious in our daily regimen as well as dietary habits. Ayurveda offers knowledge about food based on certain reasoning. Indecent food custom is the chief cause for the rising development of health disorders in the current era. In classical texts of Ayurveda, the concept of diet explained well, ranging from their natural sources, properties and specific utility in pathological as well as physiological manner. In this work, the review of the relevant literature of Ahara (Diet) was carried out from Charak Samhita and other texts, newspapers, articles, web page related to the same.  Every human being is unique with respect to his Prakriti (Physical and mental temperament), Agni (Digestive capacity), Koshtha  (Nature of bowel) etc. For that reason, the specificity of the individual should be kept in mind. Ahara, when consumed in the appropriate amount at the right moment following all Niyamas (Guidelines) given in Ayurveda texts, gives immunity and keeps the body in a healthy state during pandemics such as Covid-19. Ultimately, this will help the human body to maintain its strength for life. This article reviews the concept of diet viz. combination of foods, their quantity and quality, methods of preparation and processing, which are to be followed during pandemics and are essential in maintenance and endorsement of health and preclusion of diseases.

Immunity boosting diet during Covid 19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 832-838
Author(s):  
Roshna Sukheoji Bhutada ◽  
Renu Rathi ◽  
Devyani Dasar
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Food Studies ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Custard Apple ◽  
The Right ◽  
Daily Physical Activities ◽  
Physiological Reactions

WHO declared Covid 19 /SARS -COV-2 as a global pandemic.Till date, there is no medicine for COVID-19. If the Infection arises in the body then the defence mechanism activated against infection. A recent study suggests that temporarily augmenting the body's immune system in the early stages of COVID-19 can help patient to avoid severe symptoms as it is rightly said prevention is better than cure. Ayurveda approaches to develop physiological reactions to facilitate immunity. Planning of diet is most important to boost immunity.As per many researches to provide supplementary food which contains Zinc, Vitamin C,Vitamin D and immunity boosting foodsuch as citrus natural products, custard apple, apple, papaya is among the Fruits. Vegetables include broccoli, onion, garlic and green leafy vegetables. Nuts, ginger, turmeric, pepper, egg yolk, shellfish, mushroom. The need of the hour is a quick boost to immune system to keep it fit, fighting. One should get the right amount of nutrients from the diet, supplementation regimen to boost immune system.In this review, there are few common supplements and super food studies have been included. It might be a torch bearer as sample menu and their alternatives are given for a normal adult. Needy may change contemplated according to age, sex, body mass index and daily physical activities.

Harnessing clay nano-particles for stem-cell driven tissue regeneration, EPSRC

Impact ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Jonathan Dawson ◽  
Richard Oreffo
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Clay Nanoparticles ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
The Right

Gels made from clay could provide an environment able to stimulate stem-cells due to their ability to bind biological molecules. That molecules stick to clay has been known by scientists since the 1960s. Doctors observed that absorption into the blood stream of certain drugs was severely reduced when patients were also receiving clay-based antacid or anti-diarrhoeal treatments. This curious phenomenon was realized to be due to binding of the drugs by clay particles. This interaction is now routinely harnessed in the design of tablets to carefully control the release and action of a drug. Dr Dawson now proposes to use this property of clay to create micro-environments that could stimulate stem cells to regenerate damaged tissues such as bone, cartilage or skin. The rich electrostatic properties of nano (1 millionth of a millimetre) -scale clay particles which mediate these interactions could allow two hurdles facing the development of stem-cell based regenerative therapies to be overcome simultaneously. The first challenge - to deliver and hold stem cells at the right location in the body - is met by the ability of clays to self-organise into gels via the electrostatic interactions of the particles with each other. Cells mixed with a low concentration (less than 4%) of clay particles can be injected into the body and held in the right place by the gel, eliminating, in many situations, the need for surgery. Clay particles can also interact with large structural molecules (polymers) which are frequently used in the development of materials (or 'scaffolds'), designed to host stem cells. These interactions can greatly improve the strength of such structures and could be applied to preserve their stability at the site of injury until regeneration is complete. While several gels and scaffold materials have been designed to deliver and hold stem cells at the site of regeneration, the ability of clay nanoparticles to overcome a second critical hurdle facing stem-cell therapy is what makes them especially exciting. Essential to directing the activity of stem-cells is the carefully controlled provision of key biological signalling molecules. However, the open structures of conventional scaffolds or gels, while essential for the diffusion of nutrients to the cells, means their ability to hold the signalling molecules in the same location as the cells is limited. The ability of clay nano-particles to bind biological molecules presents a unique opportunity to create local environments at a site of injury or disease that can stimulate and control stem-cell driven repair. Dr Dawson's early studies investigated the ability of clay gels to stimulate the growth of new blood vessels by incorporating a key molecular signal that stimulates this process, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In a manner reminiscent of the observations made in the 60s, Dr Dawson and colleagues observed that adding a drop of clay gel to a solution containing VEGF caused, after a few hours, the disappearance of VEGF from the solution as it became bound to the gel. When placed in an experimental injury model, the gel-bound VEGF stimulated a cluster of new blood vessels to form. These exciting results indicate the potential of clay nanoparticles to create tailor-made micro-environments to foster stem cell regeneration. Dr Dawson is developing this approach as a means of first exploring the biological signals necessary to successfully control stem cell behaviour for regeneration and then, using the same approach, to provide stem cells with these signals to stimulate regeneration in the body. The project will seek to test this approach to regenerate bone lost to cancer or hip replacement failure. If successful the same technology may be applied to harness stem cells for the treatment of a whole host of different scenarios, from burn victims to those suffering with diabetes or Parkinson's.

scholarly journals Governing Nonconformity: Gender Presentation, Public Space, and the City in New Order Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Benjamin Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Gender Nonconformity ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Order ◽  
Sexual Morality ◽  
National Belonging ◽  
Femininity And Masculinity ◽  
Gender Presentation ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

The regulation of public space is generative of new approaches to gender nonconformity. In 1968 in Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, a group of people who identified as wadam—a new term made by combining parts of Indonesian words denoting “femininity” and “masculinity”—made a claim to the city's governor that they had the right to appear in public space. This article illustrates the paradoxical achievement of obtaining recognition on terms constituted through public nuisance regulations governing access to and movement through space. The origins and diffuse effects of recognition achieved by those who identified as wadam and, a decade later, waria facilitated the partial recognition of a status that was legal but nonconforming. This possibility emerged out of city-level innovations and historical conceptualizations of the body in Indonesia. Attending to the way that gender nonconformity was folded into existing methods of codifying space at the scale of the city reflects a broader anxiety over who can enter public space and on what basis. Considering a concern for struggles to contend with nonconformity on spatial grounds at the level of the city encourages an alternative perspective on the emergence of gender and sexual morality as a definitive feature of national belonging in Indonesia and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Changes in Children’s Body Composition and Posture during Puberty Growth

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Wojciech Rusek ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
Justyna Leszczak ◽  
Marzena Adamczyk ◽  
Rafał Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pelvic Obliquity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Older Children ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

The main goal of our study was to determine how the age of children, puberty and anthropometric parameters affect the formation of body composition and faulty body posture development in children. The secondary goal was to determine in which body segments abnormalities most often occur and how gender differentiates the occurrence of adverse changes in children’s body posture and body composition during puberty. The study group consisted of 464 schoolchildren aged from 6–16. Body posture was assessed with the Zebris system. The composition of the body mass was tested with Tanita MC 780 MA body mass analyzer and the body height was measured using a portable stadiometer PORTSTAND 210. The participants were further divided due to the age of puberty. Tanner division was adopted. The cut-off age for girls is ≥10 years and for boys it is ≥12 years. The analyses applied descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation, stepwise regression analysis and the t-test. The accepted level of significance was p < 0.05. The pelvic obliquity was lower in older children (beta = −0.15). We also see that age played a significant role in the difference in the height of the right pelvis (beta = −0.28), and the difference in the height of the right shoulder (beta = 0.23). Regression analysis showed that the content of adipose tissue (FAT%) increased with body mass index (BMI) and decreased with increasing weight, age, and height. Moreover, the FAT% was lower in boys than in girls (beta negative equal to −0.39). It turned out that older children (puberty), had greater asymmetry in the right shoulder blade (p < 0.001) and right shoulder (p = 0.003). On the other hand, younger children (who were still before puberty) had greater anomalies in the left trunk inclination (p = 0.048) as well as in the pelvic obliquity (p = 0.008). Girls in puberty were characterized by greater asymmetry on the right side, including the shoulders (p = 0.001), the scapula (p = 0.001) and the pelvis (p < 0.001). In boys, the problem related only to the asymmetry of the shoulder blades (p < 0.001). Girls were characterized by a greater increase in adipose tissue and boys by muscle tissue. Significant differences also appeared in the body posture of the examined children. Greater asymmetry within scapulas and shoulders were seen in children during puberty. Therefore, a growing child should be closely monitored to protect them from the adverse consequences of poor posture or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body.

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