scholarly journals Urinary incontinence among pregnant women in Southern Brazil: a population-based cross-sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan T. Hsu ◽  
Juraci A. Cesar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Urinary Urgency ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
Maternity Hospitals

ABSTRACTBackgroundUrinary incontinence (UI) is a frequent pathology that causes significant harm to the well-being and quality of life of pregnant women. This study aimed to measure the prevalence and to identify factors associated with the occurrence of UI during pregnancy in women living in the municipality of Rio Grande (RS), Southern Brazil, in 2016.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional population-based study that included all puerperae living in this municipality who had a child in one of the two local maternity hospitals between January 1 and December 31, 2016. The interviews were held at the hospital within 48 hours after delivery, when previously trained interviewers used a single, standardized questionnaire, seeking information on maternal demographic, behavioral and reproductive/obstetric history, as well as socioeconomic status of the household and care received during pregnancy and childbirth. The multivariate analysis followed a previously defined hierarchical model, using Poisson regression with robust variance adjustment and prevalence ratio (PR) as measure of effect.ResultsAmong the 2,716 puerperae identified, 2,694 (99.2%) participated in this study. The prevalence of urinary incontinence in the gestational period was 14.7% (95%CI: 13.4%-16.1%). The lowest observed UI rate (8.3%) occurred among adolescent mothers (<20 years), while the highest occurred among those who reported frequent urinary urgency (39.2%). The probability of occurrence of UI, even after adjustment, was significantly higher among those who were older than 30 years old at current pregnancy, whose first pregnancy was before the age of 20 or after 30, who reached the end of gestation weighing 90 kg or more, who exercised regularly during pregnancy and who reported frequent urinary urgency during the gestational period.ConclusionsUrinary incontinence showed a high prevalence in the study population. The identified risk factors can be well administered at primary health care level. The recommendation of regular physical exercise in pregnancy must be reviewed and better investigated with more robust designs because of possible facilitators for the occurrence of UI in this period.

scholarly journals Maternal adherence to micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Northwest China: a large-scale population-based cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e028843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danmeng Liu ◽  
Yue Cheng ◽  
Shaonong Dang ◽  
Duolao Wang ◽  
Yaling Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Micronutrient Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scale Population

ObjectivesTo report the situation of maternal micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Northwest China and to examine the rates of and factors related to the adherence to micronutrient supplementation among pregnant women in this region, where dietary micronutrient intake is commonly insufficient.DesignA large-scale population-based cross-sectional survey.SettingTwenty counties and ten districts of Shaanxi Province.ParticipantsA sample of 30 027 women were selected using a stratified multistage random sampling method. A total of 28 678 women were chosen for the final analysis after excluding those who did not provide clear information about nutritional supplementation before and during pregnancy.Main outcome measuresMaternal adherence to micronutrient supplementation (high and low) were the outcomes. They were determined by the start time and duration of use according to Chinese guidelines (for folic acid (FA) supplements) and WHO recommendations (for iron, calcium and multiple-micronutrient (MMN) supplements).ResultsIn total, 83.9% of women took at least one kind of micronutrient supplement before or during pregnancy. FA (67.6%) and calcium (57.5%) were the primarily used micronutrient supplements; few participants used MMN (14.0%) or iron (5.4%). Adherence to supplementation of all micronutrients was low (7.4% for FA, 0.6% for iron, 11.7% for calcium and 2.7% for MMN). Higher educational levels, higher income levels, urban residence and better antenatal care (including pregnancy consultation and a higher frequency of antenatal visits) were associated with high adherence to micronutrient supplementation.ConclusionMaternal micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Northwest China was way below standards recommended by the Chinese guidelines or WHO. Targeted health education and future nutritional guidelines are suggested to improve this situation, especially in pregnant women with disadvantaged sociodemographic conditions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Multimorbidity of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases in Brazil: Population-Based Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Shi ◽  
Simone Maria da Silva Lima ◽  
Caroline Maria de Miranda Mota ◽  
Ying Lu ◽  
Randall S Stafford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Chronic Diseases

BACKGROUND Multimorbidity is the co-occurrence of two or more chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE This study, based on self-reported medical diagnosis, aims to investigate the dynamic distribution of multimorbidity across sociodemographic levels and its impacts on health-related issues over 15 years in Brazil using national data. METHODS Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, hypothesis tests, and logistic regression. The study sample comprised 679,572 adults (18-59 years of age) and 115,699 elderly people (≥60 years of age) from the two latest cross-sectional, multiple-cohort, national-based studies: the National Sample Household Survey (PNAD) of 1998, 2003, and 2008, and the Brazilian National Health Survey (PNS) of 2013. RESULTS Overall, the risk of multimorbidity in adults was 1.7 times higher in women (odds ratio [OR] 1.73, 95% CI 1.67-1.79) and 1.3 times higher among people without education (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.28-1.41). Multiple chronic diseases considerably increased with age in Brazil, and people between 50 and 59 years old were about 12 times more likely to have multimorbidity than adults between 18 and 29 years of age (OR 11.89, 95% CI 11.27-12.55). Seniors with multimorbidity had more than twice the likelihood of receiving health assistance in community services or clinics (OR 2.16, 95% CI 2.02-2.31) and of being hospitalized (OR 2.37, 95% CI 2.21-2.56). The subjective well-being of adults with multimorbidity was often worse than people without multiple chronic diseases (OR=12.85, 95% CI: 12.07-13.68). These patterns were similar across all 4 cohorts analyzed and were relatively stable over 15 years. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows little variation in the prevalence of the multimorbidity of chronic diseases in Brazil over time, but there are differences in the prevalence of multimorbidity across different social groups. It is hoped that the analysis of multimorbidity from the two latest Brazil national surveys will support policy making on epidemic prevention and management.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a municipality in southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e30710917996
Author(s):  
Maria Joana Carvalho e Silva ◽  
Kassia Kramer ◽  
Yasmim Paula Cesco ◽  
Kendy Otak ◽  
Andréia Machado Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Virus ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus, responsible for causing an acute respiratory syndrome, which became known worldwide for its rapid spread and for causing the pandemic of a new disease: COVID-19. Thus, epidemiological studies have been developed in order to determine the extent of the problems and the magnitude of the disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its relationship with socio-demographic and clinical-epidemiological factors in the city of Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil. It was a quantitative, epidemiological, observational, cross-sectional, population-based study with 2179 participants. Socio-demographic, associated behavioral, aggravating and comorbid parameters were evaluated, relating them to positivity or not in the rapid test implemented. The rapid test identified 22.2% of the diagnosed seroprevalence of COVID-19 in the municipality in question. A higher incidence of cases was observed in people living with other people, in people who had contact with positive cases, and in symptomatic patients, corroborating with current studies. The results highlight the importance of clinical-epidemiological studies for the understanding and control of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Mobile outreach health services for mothers and children in conflict-affected and remote areas: a population-based study from Afghanistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Edmond ◽  
Khaksar Yousufi ◽  
Malalai Naziri ◽  
Ariel Higgins-Steele ◽  
Abdul Qadir Qadir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Childhood Immunisation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Essential Service

ObjectiveTo assess whether sustained, scheduled mobile health team (MHT) services increase antenatal care (ANC), postnatal care (PNC) and childhood immunisation in conflict-affected and remote regions of Afghanistan.DesignCross-sectional, population-based study from 2013 to 2017. Proportions were compared using multivariable linear regression adjusted for clustering and socio-demographic variables.Setting54 intervention and 56 control districts in eight Afghanistan provinces.Participants338 796 pregnant women and 1 693 872 children aged under 5 years.Interventions‘Intervention districts’ that received MHT services for 3 years compared with ‘control districts’ in the same province without any MHT services over the same period.Main outcome measuresDistrict-level and clinic-level ANC, PNC, childhood immunisation (pentavalent 3, measles 1), integrated management of childhood immunisation services.ResultsProportion of pregnant women receiving at least one ANC visit was higher in intervention districts (83.6%, 161 750/193 482) than control districts (61.3%, 89 077/145 314) (adjusted mean difference (AMD) 14.8%;95% CI: 1.6% to 28.0%). Proportion of children under 1 year receiving their first dose of measles vaccine was higher in intervention (73.8%, 142 738/193 412) than control districts (57.3%, 83 253/145 293) (AMD 12.8;95% CI: 2.1% to 23.5%). There was no association with PNC (AMD 2.8%;95% CI: −5.1% to 10.7%). MHTs did not increase clinic-level service provision for ANC (AMD 41.32;95% CI: -52.46 to 135.11) or any other outcomes.ConclusionsSustained, scheduled MHT services to conflict-affected and remote regions were associated with improved coverage of important maternal and child health interventions. Outreach is an essential service and not just an ‘optional extra’ for the most deprived mothers and children.

scholarly journals A study to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence in antenatal women at a tertiary care centre in central India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 956
Author(s):  
Deepa Joshi ◽  
Sheetal Achale ◽  
Nilesh Dalal ◽  
Alka Patel
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Report Form ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Urinary incontinence is a common condition in pregnancy and postpartum. There are more than a thousand articles on urinary incontinence (UI) in pregnancy but very limited literature from Indian subcontinent is available. Incidence and prevalence figures of UI in association with pregnancy vary substantially. Not many reviews have focused solely on incidence and prevalence of UI in association with pregnancy. Prevalence of UI in pregnancy ranges from 32% to 64%.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, MGM Medical College and M.Y. Hospital, Indore over the period of 6 months on 1000 pregnant women who were following antenatal care (ANC) clinic. Pregnant women, who were severely sick, diagnosed with kidney or urinary infection and vaginal infections women were excluded from the study. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. After the purpose of the study was explained, written consent was obtained from each voluntary participant. This study was approved by institutional ethical committee. The data was recorded in predesign coded case report form and statistical analysis was performed using the STATA 12.1.Results: In the present study the prevalence of urinary incontinence reported is 16.4% of women during pregnancy.Conclusions: In this study the prevalence of UI during current pregnancy was found to be lower compared to previous studies conducted. The previous history of surgery, constipation, obesity and respiratory problems were found to be significantly associated with UI during pregnancy.

Health concerns of adolescents in Tehran, Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Baheiraei ◽  
Elham Khoori ◽  
Robert M. Weiler ◽  
Fazlollah Ahmadi ◽  
Abbas Rahimi Foroshani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Promotion Policies

Abstract Background: Adolescent health concerns are an important source of information that should be considered when planning school and community health promotion policies, programs and services. Adolescence is a critical period of human development and the health concerns of adolescents can point to important issues that may be eclipsed by epidemiologic and other clinical sources of information. This study aimed to assess the health concerns of adolescents living in Tehran, Iran and to examine associations between selected demographics and the health concerns reported by participants. Methods: This study was a population-based cross-sectional survey in 2011. Data were collected from a stratified random cluster sample of 915 adolescents, aged 14–18 years, living in Tehran, using the Persian version of the Adolescent Health Concern Inventory (AHCI-P). The data were analyzed using the χ2, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests and logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean numbers of health concerns in girls and boys were 48 (±27.6) and 44.5 (±27.4) respectively. The highest ranking health concern subscale for both girls and boys was The Future, and “being successful” was endorsed as the most prominent concern in the subscale. Female (OR: 1.42, CI 95%: 1.08–1.87), mother’s educational level (OR: 2.23, CI 95%: 1.07–4.65) and living in northern (OR: 1.76, CI 95%: 1.13–2.74) and western (OR: 2.02, CI 95%: 1.30–3.16) regions of Tehran were significant predictors of a higher level of health concerns. Conclusion: Findings can be used to inform school and public health promotion policies, programs and supportive services designed to improve the overall health and well-being of adolescents.

scholarly journals Consumption of foods with voluntary fortification of micronutrients in southern Brazil: prevalence and associated factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1555-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Lima Cirino ◽  
Roberta de Vargas Zanini ◽  
Denise Petrucci Gigante
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Southern City

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the consumption of foods with voluntary fortification of vitamins and minerals (FVFVM) according to demographic, socio-economic and health characteristics.DesignA cross-sectional population-based study.SettingThe investigated food groups were selected in two stages according to availability of food in the local market and prevalence of food consumption in a recent national survey. The research instruments included a questionnaire and a photographic catalogue. The FVFVM consumption covered a period of one week prior to the interview date. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata 12·0 statistical software package, considering the design effect and a hierarchical model. A multinomial logistic regression was applied to estimate the prevalence ratios. All tests were two-tailed, with a 5·0 % significance level.SubjectsAdults (≥20 years old) living in a southern city of Brazil.ResultsBetween February and June 2012, 2925 individuals were interviewed. Losses and refusals corresponded to 13·4 % of the sample. The overall prevalence of FVFVM consumption was 73·3 (95 % CI 71·7, 75·9) %. The total number of FVFVM reported exhibited a distribution with a median of two and a maximum of fifteen, inflated by the FVFVM categorized in the ‘juice’ group. The micronutrients most consumed were vitamin C, followed by Fe and thiamin. Young adults, females, those of higher socio-economic status and those who perceived their health positively were more likely to consume FVFVM.ConclusionsPrevalence of FVFVM consumption in southern Brazil, occurring concurrently with the decline in consumption of unprocessed and minimally processed foods, and the way voluntary fortification is being employed trigger a warning sign to primary prevention.

scholarly journals The relationship between physical activity and mental health varies across activity intensity levels and dimensions of mental health among women and men

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1207-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Asztalos ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Greet Cardon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
General Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Secondary Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveTo explore gender-specific variations related to activity intensity in the relationship between physical activity (PA) and mental health (MH). Evaluating whether psychological well-being enhances with increases in PA at recommended levels and above, in the general population.DesignCross-sectional.SettingPopulation-based, representative for Belgium.SubjectsA total of 6803 adults aged 25–64 years from the Belgian National Health Interview Survey.ResultsMultiple logistic regression analyses showed that clearly different intensity levels characterised the PA that associated with MH in women and men. In men, inverse associations existed between participation in vigorous-intensity PA and feelings of depression (OR = 0·580; 95 % CI 0·405, 0·830), anxiety (OR = 0·547; 95 % CI 0·364, 0·821) and symptoms of somatisation (OR = 0·590; 95 % CI 0·398, 0·874). In women, positive associations existed between walking and emotional well-being (OR = 1·202; 95 % CI 1·038, 1·394) and inverse associations between participation in moderate-intensity PA and symptoms of somatisation (OR = 0·737; 95 % CI 0·556, 0·977). Secondary analyses confirmed that differences in psychological complaints were significant for vigorous PA in men, and for moderate PA in women, whereas differences in emotional well-being were significant for walking exclusively in women.ConclusionsIn the general population, the PA–MH relationship is always positive, regardless of activity intensity. In men, it addresses complaints (symptoms, palpable discomfort) and the optimal PA intensity is high. In women, it addresses complaints, but also distress (lowered mood, disturbing anxiety, altered well-being) and the PA intensity is mild.

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