scholarly journals Exploration of endo-xylanase from novel strain of Bacillus velezensis AG20 isolated from the cave of Meghalaya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arabinda Ghosh ◽  
Shravanika Mahanta ◽  
Subhro Banerjee ◽  
Debabrat Baishya
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Cell Biomass ◽  
Prime Objective ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Industrial Demand

ABSTRACTCave sets the example of extreme ecological niche and habitat for diversified microorganisms. Present study involved in the isolation of endoxylanase producing novel strain Bacillus velezensis AG20 from the Krem Phyllut cave, Meghalaya, India. Culture dependent studies, molecular phylogentics, RNA secondary folding pattern based on 16S rDNA substantiated the identity of this novel strain. Bacillus velezensis AG20 revealed the superbug quality having resistance against various class of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Bacillus velezensis AG20 revealed biofilm formation over the cell surface in FESEM. Highest cell biomass and xylanase production supported in TB medium, further purified partially to 5.3 fold with 21% yield. Molecular weight of the purified xylanase found to be 45 kDa. Enzyme kinetics and pattern of hydrolysis revealed the evidence for the selection of linear birchwood xylan with Vmax = 21.0 ± 3.0 U/ml, Km = 1.25 mg/ml, Kcat = 1.75/s at optimum pH 7 and temperature 50°C also found significant statistically in Taguchi’s orthogonal design. Conversely, ruled out any exoacting activity against synthetic pNP-xylopyranoside substrate. Endo-xylanase isolated from Bacillus velezensis AG20 was moderately thermostable over temperatures 50 and 60°C. Time dependent hydrolysis of agro-waste sugar cane bagasse depicted the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) predominantly xylobiose, xylotriose and xylotetrose. Purified mixed XOS hold their prebiotic potential by promoting the growth of probiotics Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus as well as high stability (~90%) against systemic fluids. Mixed XOS (300 μg/ml) displayed anti-proliferation activities by reducing the growth of HT-29 and Caco-2 cells significantly 90% and 75%, respectively, after 48 h.IMPORTANCEExtremophiles dwelling inside the caves have laden with the extraordinary capabilities of bioconversion by nature. The pristine ecological niche inside the cave, absence of proper light and air, supports the livelihood of novel microorganisms. In India, Meghalaya is hoisting longest caves in the East Khasi Hills, providing conducive environment for novel bacterial strains. With the prime objective of isolating novel bacterial strains that produce extracellular xylanase our studies have been carried out. Considering the present industrial demand for nutraceutical, prebiotics, anti-proliferating agents and biofuels by the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB), novel enzymes are required. Xylanases from bacterial origin play a significant role in conversion of LCB into oligosaccharides. Therefore, exploration and characterization of xylanase producing novel isolate from cave may pave the new arena for the production of prebiotic and anti-inflammatory oligosaccharides from agro-waste.

scholarly journals Mineralization of the herbicide swep by a two-strain consortium and characterization of a new amidase for hydrolyzing swep

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Zhang ◽  
Ping Hang ◽  
Xiyi Zhou ◽  
Chen Dai ◽  
Ziyi He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Mechanism ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Catalytic Sites ◽  
Structural Analogues ◽  
Microbial Resources ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Amidase Gene

Abstract Background Swep is an excellent carbamate herbicide that kills weeds by interfering with metabolic processes and inhibiting cell division at the growth point. Due to the large amount of use, swep residues in soil and water not only cause environmental pollution but also accumulate through the food chain, ultimately pose a threat to human health. This herbicide is degraded in soil mainly by microbial activity, but no studies on the biotransformation of swep have been reported. Results In this study, a consortium consisting of two bacterial strains, Comamonas sp. SWP-3 and Alicycliphilus sp. PH-34, was enriched from a contaminated soil sample and shown to be capable of mineralizing swep. Swep was first transformed by Comamonas sp. SWP-3 to the intermediate 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA), after which 3,4-DCA was mineralized by Alicycliphilus sp. PH-34. An amidase gene, designated as ppa, responsible for the transformation of swep into 3,4-DCA was cloned from strain SWP-3. The expressed Ppa protein efficiently hydrolyzed swep and a number of other structural analogues, such as propanil, chlorpropham and propham. Ppa shared less than 50% identity with previously reported arylamidases and displayed maximal activity at 30 °C and pH 8.6. Gly449 and Val266 were confirmed by sequential error prone PCR to be the key catalytic sites for Ppa in the conversion of swep. Conclusions These results provide additional microbial resources for the potential remediation of swep-contaminated sites and add new insights into the catalytic mechanism of amidase in the hydrolysis of swep.

scholarly journals Isolation, Production, and Characterization of Thermotolerant Xylanase from Solvent TolerantBacillus vallismortisRSPP-15

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeeva Gaur ◽  
Soni Tiwari ◽  
Priyanka Rai ◽  
Versha Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Birch Wood ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Birch Wood Xylan ◽  
Bacillus Vallismortis ◽  
Cu Ions

Sixty bacterial strains isolated from the soils sample in the presence of organic solvent were screened for xylanase production. Among them, strain RSPP-15 showed the highest xylanase activity which was identified asBacillus vallismortis. The isolate showed maximum xylanase production (3768 U/mL) in the presence of birch wood xylan and beef extract at 55°C pH 7.0 within 48 h of incubation. The enzyme activity and stability were increased 181.5, 153.7, 147.2, 133.6, and 127.9% and 138.2, 119.3, 113.9, 109, and 104.5% in the presence of Co2+, Ca2+, Mg+2, Zn+2, and Fe+3ions (10 mM). Xylanase activity and stability were strongly inhibited in the presence of Hg and Cu ions. The enzyme was also stable in the presence of 30% ofn-dodecane, isooctane,n-decane, xylene, toluene,n-hexane,n-butanol, and cyclohexane, respectively. The presence of benzene, methanol, and ethanol marginally reduced the xylanase stability, respectively. This isolate may be useful in several industrial applications owing to its thermotolerant and organic solvent resistance characteristics.

scholarly journals Optimization and Molecular Characterization of Lipase Producing Bacillus subtilis Strain Rcps3 and Bacillus fumarioli Strain Rcps4 from Oil-contaminated Soils of Warangal

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2063-2074
Author(s):  
Ramya Chouhan ◽  
Suresh Lapaka ◽  
Nagaraju Alpula ◽  
Srinivas Podeti
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Bacterial Sources ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Microbial sources are regularly used as reliable biocatalysts sources which are often used in the process and production industry. Demands for such organisms with greater capacity of intended enzyme production are on the rise. Lipase is important enzyme used in the biotechnological process of hydrolysis of fats in almost all the relevant industries We have utilized the local oil-contaminated soil resources to search for efficacious bacterial strains that have excellent lipase activity. We were successful in identifying two such bacterial sources, namely, Bacillus subtilis strain RCPS3 and Bacillus fumarioli strain RCPS4, responsible for lipase production from oil effluent contaminated soil of Telangana. This is the first report of these two strains from this part of India that are involved in lipase production. The strains were isolated, optimized, and purified using standard microbiology protocols and were characterized at the molecular level using the biomarker 16s ribosomal RNA genes of the strains. The identified and isolated bacterial strains were confirmed as Bacillus subtilis strain RCPS3, and Bacillus fumarioli strain RCPS4 through molecular and computational characterization.

Extraction and characterization of sea anemones compound and its Anti bacterial and hemolytic studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar A ◽  
Raja Sheker K ◽  
Naveen B ◽  
Abhilash G ◽  
Akila CR
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Sea Anemones ◽  
Marine Plants ◽  
Heteractis Magnifica ◽  
Trididemnum Solidum

Seas assets that give us a variety of characteristic items to control bacterial, contagious and viral ailment and mostly utilized for malignancy chemotherapy practically from spineless creatures, for example, bryozoans, wipes, delicate corals, coelenterates, ocean fans, ocean bunnies, molluscs and echinoderms. In the previous 30 - 40 years, marine plants and creatures have been the focal point of overall endeavours to characterize the regular results of the marine condition. Numerous marine characteristic items have been effectively exceptional to the last phases of clinical preliminaries, including dolastatin-10, a group of peptides disengaged from Indian ocean rabbit, Dollabella auricularia. Ecteinascidin-743 from mangrove tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata, Didemnins was isolated from Caribbean tunicate Trididemnum solidum and Conopeptides from cone snails (Conus sp.), and a developing number of up-and-comers have been chosen as promising leads for expanded pre-clinical appraisals. Sea anemones possess numerous tentacles containing stinging cells or cnidocytes. The stinging cells are equipped with small organelles known as nematocysts. The two species of sea anemones namely, Heteractis magnificaandStichodactyla haddoni, were collected from Mandapam coastal waters of Ramanathapuram district, Tamilnadu, India. The Nematocyst was collected and centrifuged, and the supernatant was lyophilized and stored for further analysis. The amount of protein from Heteractis Magnifica and Stichodactyla haddoni was estimated. The crude extract has shown haemolytic activity on chicken blood and goat blood. In the antibacterial activity of the sea anemone against six bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhii, Salmonella paratyphii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibacterial activity of H. Magnifica and S.haddoni was measured as the radius of the zone of inhibition.

Total Synthesis and Antibacterial Screening of (±)-6,8-Dihydroxy-3- undecyl-3,4-dihydroisochromen-1-one: A Structural Analogue of Metabolites from Ononis natrix

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
Hummera Rafique ◽  
Aamer Saeed ◽  
Ehsan Ullah Mughal ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Zafar ◽  
Amara Mumtaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Structural Analog ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibacterial Screening ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Bacillus Subtilus ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Direct Condensation

Background: (±)-6,8-Dihydroxy-3-undecyl-3,4-dihydroisochromen-1-one is one of the structural analog of several substituted undecylisocoumarins isolated from Ononis natrix (Fabaceae), has been successfully synthesized by direct condensation of homopthalic acid (1) with undecanoyl chloride yields isochromen-1-one (2). Methods: Alkaline hydrolysis of (2) gave the corresponding keto-acid (3), which is then reduced to hydroxy acid (4) then its cyclodehydration was carried out with acetic anhydride to afford 3,4- dihydroisochromen-1-one (5). Followed by demethylation step, the synthesis of target 6,8- dihydroxy-7-methyl-3-undecyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin (6) was achieved. Results: In vitro antibacterial screening of all the synthesized compounds were carried out against ten bacterial strains by agar well diffusion method. Conclusion: Newly synthesized molecules exhibited moderate antibacterial activity and maximum inhibition was observed against Bacillus subtilus and Salmonella paratyphi.

scholarly journals Pretreatment of Switchgrass for Production of Glucose via Sulfonic Acid-Impregnated Activated Carbon

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Yane Ansanay ◽  
Praveen Kolar ◽  
Ratna Sharma-Shivappa ◽  
Jay Cheng ◽  
Consuelo Arellano
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Methanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

In the present research, activated carbon-supported sulfonic acid catalysts were synthesized and tested as pretreatment agents for the conversion of switchgrass into glucose. The catalysts were synthesized by reacting sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid with activated carbon. The characterization of catalysts suggested an increase in surface acidities, while surface area and pore volumes decreased because of sulfonation. Batch experiments were performed in 125 mL serum bottles to investigate the effects of temperature (30, 60, and 90 °C), reaction time (90 and 120 min) on the yields of glucose. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated switchgrass using Ctec2 yielded up to 57.13% glucose. Durability tests indicated that sulfonic solid-impregnated carbon catalysts were able to maintain activity even after three cycles. From the results obtained, the solid acid catalysts appear to serve as effective pretreatment agents and can potentially reduce the use of conventional liquid acids and bases in biomass-into-biofuel production.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Antimicrobial Magnetron Cosputtered TiO2/Ag/Cu Composite Coatings

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Dilyana Gospodonova ◽  
Iliana Ivanova ◽  
Todorka Vladkova
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

The aim of this study was to prepare TiO2/Ag/Cu magnetron co-sputtered coatings with controlled characteristics and to correlate them with the antimicrobial activity of the coated glass samples. The elemental composition and distribution, surface morphology, wettability, surface energy and its component were estimated as the surface characteristics influencing the bioadhesion. Well expressed, specific, Ag/Cu concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity in vitro was demonstrated toward Gram-negative and Gram-positive standard test bacterial strains both by diffusion 21 assay and by Most Probable Number of surviving cells. Direct contact and eluted silver/coper nanoparticles killing were experimentally demonstrated as a mode of the antimicrobial action of the studied TiO2/Ag/Cu thin composite coatings. It is expected that they would ensure a broad spectrum bactericidal activity during the indwelling of the coated medical devices and for at least 12 h after that, with the supposition that the benefits will be over a longer time.

Characterization of endogenous endopeptidases and exopeptidases and application for the limited hydrolysis of peanut proteins

2021 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 128764
Author(s):  
Yeming Chen ◽  
Hongsheng Zhang ◽  
Caimeng Zhang ◽  
Xiangzhen Kong ◽  
Yufei Hua
Keyword(s):  
Peanut Proteins ◽  
Hydrolysis Of
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