scholarly journals Six-month antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers assessed by virus neutralisation and commercial assays

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonin Bal ◽  
Mary-Anne Trabaud ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Fassier ◽  
Muriel Rabilloud ◽  
Kahina Saker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
N Protein ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The University

AbstractWe conducted a prospective study in healthcare workers (n=296) of the University Hospital of Lyon, France. Serum samples (n=296) collected six months after disease onset were tested using three commercial assays: the Wantai Ab assay detecting total antibodies against the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the S protein, the bioMerieux Vidas assay detecting IgG to the RBD and the Abbott Architect assay detecting IgG to the N protein. The neutralising antibody (NAb) titre was also determined for all samples with a virus neutralisation assay (VNA) using live virus. The positivity rate was 100% with the Wantai assay, 84.8% with the bioMerieux assay and 55.4% with the Abbott assay. Only 51% of HCWs were positive for the presence of NAb. Less than 10 % of HCWs had a NAb titre greater than 80. At a neutralising titre of 80, the area under the curves [IC 95%] was 0.71 [0.62-0.81], 0.75 [0.65-0.85] and 0.95 [0.92-0.97] for Wantai, Abbott and Vidas respectively. The data presented herein suggest that commercial assays detecting antibodies against the N protein must not be used in long-term seroprevalence surveys while the Wantai assay could be useful for this purpose. VNA should remain the gold standard to assess the protective antibody response, but some commercial assays could be used as first-line screening of long-term presence of NAb.

scholarly journals Functional and Binding H1N1pdm09-Specific Antibody Responses in Occasionally and Repeatedly Vaccinated Healthcare Workers: A Five-Year Study (2009-2014)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkon Amdam ◽  
Anders Madsen ◽  
Fan Zhou ◽  
Amit Bansal ◽  
Mai-Chi Trieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Vaccination History ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundIn 2009, a novel influenza A/H1N1pdm09 emerged and caused a pandemic. This strain continued to circulate and was therefore included in the seasonal vaccines up to the 2016/2017-season. This provided a unique opportunity to study the long-term antibody responses to H1N1pdm09 in healthcare workers (HCW) with a different vaccination history.MethodsHCW at Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway were immunized with the AS03-adjuvanted H1N1pdm09 vaccine in 2009 (N=55) and divided into groups according to their vaccination history; one vaccination (N=10), two vaccinations (N=15), three vaccinations (N=5), four vaccinations (N=15) and five vaccinations (N=10). HCW are recommended for influenza vaccination to protect both themselves and their patients, but it is voluntary in Norway. Blood samples were collected pre- and at 21 days, 3, 6, and 12 months after each vaccination, or annually from 2010 HCW without vaccination. ELISA, haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and microneutralization (MN) assays were used to determine the antibody response.ResultsPandemic vaccination induced a significant increase in the H1N1-specific antibodies measured by ELISA, HI and MN. Seasonal vaccination boosted the antibody response, both in HCW with only the current vaccination and those with prior and current vaccination during 2010/11-2013/14. We observed a trend of increased antibody responses in HCW with only the current vaccination in 2013/14. A two- and three-year gap before vaccination in 2013/14 provided a more potent antibody response compared to annually vaccinated HCW.ConclusionsOur long term follow up study elucidates the antibody response in HCW with different vaccination histories. Our findings contribute to our understanding of the impact of repeated vaccination upon antibody responses.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Metabolites and Clinical Outcome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2129
Author(s):  
Sieglinde Zelzer ◽  
Florian Prüller ◽  
Pero Curcic ◽  
Zdenka Sloup ◽  
Magdalena Holter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Metabolite Ratio ◽  
The University

(1) Background: Vitamin D, a well-established regulator of calcium and phosphate metabolism, also has immune-modulatory functions. An uncontrolled immune response and cytokine storm are tightly linked to fatal courses of COVID-19. The present retrospective study aimed to inves-tigate vitamin D status markers and vitamin D degradation products in a mixed cohort of 148 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with various clinical courses of COVID-19. (2) Methods: The serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 24,25(OH)2D3, and 25,26(OH)2D3 were determined by a validated liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry method in leftover serum samples from 148 COVID-19 patients that were admitted to the University Hospital of the Medical Uni-versity of Graz between April and November 2020. Anthropometric and clinical data, as well as outcomes were obtained from the laboratory and hospital information systems. (3) Results: From the 148 patients, 34 (23%) died within 30 days after admission. The frequency of fatal outcomes did not differ between males and females. Non-survivors were significantly older than survivors, had higher peak concentrations of IL-6 and CRP, and required mechanical ventilation more frequently. The serum concentrations of all vitamin D metabolites and the vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR) did not differ significantly between survivors and non-survivors. Additionally, the need for res-piratory support was unrelated to the serum concentrations of 25(OH)D vitamin D and the two vitamin D catabolites, as well as the VMR. (4) Conclusion: The present results do not support a relevant role of vitamin D for the course and outcome of COVID-19.

Ultra-resistant schizophrenia and potentiation strategies

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s834-s834 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Khouadja ◽  
R. Ben Soussia ◽  
S. Younes ◽  
A. Bouallagui ◽  
I. Marrag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Clinical Excellence ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Psychiatric Department ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University

IntroductionTreatment resistance to clozapine is estimated at 40–70% of the treated population. Several clozapine potentiation strategies have come into clinical practice although often without evidence-based support.ObjectiveThe aim of our work was to identify the potentiation strategies in ultra-resistant schizophrenia depending on the subtype of schizophrenia.MethodologyThis is a prospective study conducted on patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia, based on DSM-IV-TR criteria, and hospitalized in the psychiatric department of the university hospital in Mahdia, Tunisia. The study sample consisted of patients meeting the resistant schizophrenia criteria as defined by national institute for clinical excellence (NICE), and the prescription of clozapine for 6 to 8 weeks was shown without significant improvement.Resultswe have collected 10 patients. The mean serum level of clozapine was 462.25 mg/L. The potentiation strategies were different depending on the subtype of schizophrenia. For the undifferentiated schizophrenia, we have chosen ECT sessions. For the disorganized schizophrenia, we opted for amisulpiride and aripiprazole. For the paranoid forms, we have chosen the association of risperidone and ECT. A psychometric improvement was noted in BPRS ranging from 34 to 40%.ConclusionEvery potentiation strategy entails a cost, whether it is an additional monetary cost, adverse effects or greater stress to caregivers. The cost/benefit equation should be thoroughly evaluated and discussed before commencing a strategy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Abstract 15253: A Paradoxical Rise in Serum Copeptin After Non-Pulsatile LVAD: a New SIADH?

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara M Statz ◽  
Aleksandra M Ras ◽  
Kevin D Ballard ◽  
Jason A Gluck ◽  
Detlef Wencker
Keyword(s):  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Bridge To Transplant ◽  
Left Ventricular Assist ◽  
End Stage ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction: Hyponatremia (Na< 136 mmol/L) is prevalent (~28%) among hospitalized heart failure (HF) patients and a marker of advanced/end-stage HF(AHF) with increased mortality. Treatment of hyponatremia has no survival benefit in this population. In a prospective study of AHF patients, we sought to define the prevalence, pathophysiology and role of V2 vasoreceptor activity in the development of hyponatremia. Serum copeptin (S-COP), a surrogate marker for AVP activity, was assessed during AHF therapies (AHFT) which included axial-non-pulsatile left ventricular assist device (LVAD) and/or heart transplant (HTx). Methods: Serum samples were collected from AHF patients pre and post AHFT and compared with normal controls. S-COP levels were assessed using an enzyme linked immunosorbant assay and correlated to clinical variables, serum Sodium (S-Na) and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results: Among 89 consecutive (mean age 56.2±15.35; M=69) patients awaiting AHFT, 54 (60%) were hyponatremic. Preop S-COP was elevated compared to controls (0.68±0.50 vs 0.53±0.13 ng/ml, P=.02) and inversely correlated to S-Na and eGFR (r=-0.23, P<.05, r=-0.23, P<.05; N=81); conversely, eGFR and S-Na were uncorrelated. AHFT (n=42) normalized S-Na (133.2±4.1 vs 136.1±3.5 mmol/l; P=.001) and improved eGFR (47.7±13.6 vs 52.7±9.7 mL/min/1.73sqm; P=.001); however, post LVAD (n=34) S-COP rose (0.67±0.21 vs 1.84±0.76 ng/ml; P<.0001) with incomplete normalization of S-NA (132.9±4.3 vs 135.9±3.8 mmol/l; P<.01). In contrast, post HTx (n=9) S-COP was unchanged to pre-AHFT (0.59±0.32 vs 0.65±0.16 ng/ml; P>.1) and was lower compared to post LVAD (0.65±0.16 vs 1.84±0.76 ng/ml; P<.0001). Elevated S-COP with LVAD as bridge to transplant (n=3) showed a marked decrease post HTx (2.7±0.50 vs 1.0±0.29 ng/ml; P<.01). Conclusions: In AHF, the prevalence of hyponatremia is double compared to acute hospitalized HF and associated with S-COP surge prior to AHFT. Unexpectedly, LVAD but not HTx was associated with rising S-COP and incomplete S-Na recovery despite clinical improvement, suggesting inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release. The association of S-COP rise with non-pulsatile LVAD and potential benefit of long-term AVP inhibition post LVAD merits further studies.

scholarly journals Live Oral Adenovirus Type 4 and Type 7 Vaccine Induces Durable Antibody Response

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie D. Collins ◽  
Anima Adhikari ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Robert A. Kuschner ◽  
Nicos Karasavvas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Adenovirus Type ◽  
The United States ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Military

Human adenoviruses (AdV) are mostly associated with minimal pathology. However, more severe respiratory tract infections and acute respiratory diseases, most often caused by AdV-4 and AdV-7, have been reported. The only licensed vaccine in the United States, live oral AdV-4 and AdV-7 vaccine, is indicated for use in the military, nearly exclusively in recruit populations. The excellent safety profile and prominent antibody response of the vaccine is well established by placebo-controlled clinical trials, while, long-term immunity of vaccination has not been studied. Serum samples collected over 6 years from subjects co-administered live oral AdV-4 and AdV-7 vaccine in 2011 were evaluated to determine the duration of the antibody response. Group geometric mean titers (GMT) at 6 years post vaccination compared to previous years evaluated were not significantly different for either AdV-4 or AdV-7 vaccine components. There were no subjects that demonstrated waning neutralization antibody (NAb) titers against AdV-4 and less than 5% of subjects against AdV-7. Interestingly, there were subjects that had a four-fold increase in NAb titers against either AdV-4 or AdV-7, at various time points post vaccination, suggesting either homotypic or heterotypic re-exposure. This investigation provided strong evidence that the live oral AdV-4 and AdV-7 vaccine induced long-term immunity to protect from AdV-4 and AdV-7 infections.

scholarly journals Short- and long-term humoral immune response against Yersinia pestis in plague patients, Madagascar

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Voahangy Andrianaivoarimanana ◽  
Alice Lantoniaina Iharisoa ◽  
Lila Rahalison ◽  
Marie Laurette Ralimanantsoa ◽  
Maherisoa Ratsitorahina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
Short And Long Term

Abstract Background Plague, a fatal disease caused by the bacillus, Yersinia pestis, still affects resources-limited countries. Information on antibody response to plague infection in human is scarce. Anti-F1 Ig G are among the known protective antibodies against Y. pestis infection. As a vaccine preventable disease, knowledge on antibody response is valuable for the development of an effective vaccine to reduce infection rate among exposed population in plague-endemic regions. In this study, we aim to describe short and long-term humoral immune responses against Y. pestis in plague-confirmed patients from Madagascar, the most affected country in the world. Methods Bubonic (BP) and pneumonic plague (PP) patients were recruited from plague- endemic foci in the central highlands of Madagascar between 2005 and 2017. For short-term follow-up, 6 suspected patients were enrolled and prospectively investigated for kinetics of the anti-F1 IgG response, whereas the persistence of antibodies was retrospectively studied in 71 confirmed convalescent patients, using an ELISA which was validated for the detection of plague in human blood samples in Madagascar. Results Similarly to previous findings, anti-F1 IgG rose quickly during the first week after disease onset and increased up to day 30. In the long-term study, 56% of confirmed cases remained seropositive, amongst which 60 and 40% could be considered as high- and low-antibody responders, respectively. Antibodies persisted for several years and up to 14.8 years for one individual. Antibody titers decreased over time but there was no correlation between titer and time elapsed between the disease onset and serum sampling. In addition, the seroprevalence rate was not significantly different between gender (P = 0.65) nor age (P = 0.096). Conclusion Our study highlighted that the circulating antibody response to F1 antigen, which is specific to Y. pestis, may be attributable to individual immune responsiveness. The finding that a circulating anti-F1 antibody titer could persist for more than a decade in both BP and PP recovered patients, suggests its probable involvement in patients’ protection. However, complementary studies including analyses of the cellular immune response to Y. pestis are required for the better understanding of long-lasting protection and development of a potential vaccine against plague.

scholarly journals Psychosocial emergency care in times of COVID-19: the Essen University Hospital concept for corona-infected patients, their relatives, and medical staff

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Rentrop ◽  
Johanna Sophie Schneider ◽  
Alexander Bäuerle ◽  
Florian Junne ◽  
Nora Dörrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Staff ◽  
Online Training ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
High Psychological Distress ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Psychosocial Emergency ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The University

Abstract Due to the SARS CoV-2-virus (COVID-19), anxiety, distress, and insecurity occur more frequently. In particular, infected individuals, their relatives, and medical staff face an increased risk of high psychological distress as a result of the ongoing pandemic. Thus, structured psychosocial emergency concepts are needed. The University hospital of Essen has taken up this challenge by creating the PEC concept to reduce psychosocial long-term consequences for infected patients, relatives, and medical staff at the university hospital. The concept includes professional medical as well as psychological support to convey constructive coping strategies and the provision of adequate tools such as the low-threshold online training program (CoPE It), which is accessible via the webpage www.cope-corona.de.

scholarly journals Impact of a Novel Oblique-Tip Papillotome for Biliary Cannulation during ERCP: A Nonrandomized Coarsened Exact Matching Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hiroo Imazu ◽  
Shiaw-Hooi Ho ◽  
Shoryoku Hino ◽  
Khean-Lee Goh ◽  
Mitsuhiko Moriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Hospital ◽  
Exact Matching ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Biliary Cannulation ◽  
Coarsened Exact Matching ◽  
Patient Allocation ◽  
Cannulation Technique ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The University

Background. We developed a novel oblique-tip papillotome (OT-papillotome) to facilitate biliary cannulation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This study was performed to evaluate the utility of the OT-papillotome for contrast-guided cannulation (CGC) and wire-guided cannulation (WGC) during ERCP, compared with standard cannulation by WGC using a standard-tip papillotome (ST-papillotome). Methods. A prospective study was performed at two centers. CGC with the OT-papillotome (OT-CGC group) was performed at Jikei University Hospital, while WGC was done with the OT-papillotome and ST-papillotome (OT-WGC and ST-WGC groups, respectively) at the University of Malaya Medical Centre. The results of the OT-CGC and OT-WGC groups were compared with those of the ST-WGC group after performing coarsened exact matching (CEM) to reduce bias due to nonrandomized and center-based patient allocation. Results. Eighty patients were enrolled in each of the OT-CGC, OT-WGC, and ST-WGC groups. After CEM, the successful biliary cannulation rate was significantly higher in the OT-CGC and OT-WGC groups than in the ST-WGC group, while rescue cannulation was reduced. The mean number of unintended pancreatic access events in the OT-WGC and OT-CGC groups was similar to the ST-WGC group. However, it was significantly lower in the OT-WGC group than in the OT-CGC group. Multivariate analysis revealed that the OT-papillotome was independently associated with less frequent rescue cannulation and a higher successful biliary cannulation rate. Conclusions. Although use of the OT-papillotome in biliary cannulation did not reduce unintended pancreatic access events or PEP compared to the ST-papillotome, the OT-papillotome increased the successful biliary cannulation rate, while reducing the frequency of rescue cannulation procedures. Combining the OT-papillotome with WGC might be the best cannulation technique for minimizing unintended pancreatic access.

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